It is generally considered，The language input accepted by the second language learner has two main forms，that is visual input and hearing input。There are many inherent differences between the two sensory modes。For example，Both rely on different biological functions，Therefore，The physical medium of the information transmission is different; in turn，The information we see or hear is processed in different subsystems of the brain，The characteristics and information processing capabilities of these subsystems are different。other，Non -time -limited features of written mode allow learners to repeatedly contact input information，The limited time characteristics of the auditory mode have greatly reduced such opportunities。In view of the different experiences obtained by learners in the two modes，Cognitive science and second language habits have obtained researchers to inspect whether the visual and auditory patterns affect language or pattern learning。

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Cognitive scientific research indicates，The way of information coding will affect our way of processing and learning information。This difference in learning caused by modal is already in the sequence memories、Time processing task and artificial grammar learning research is confirmed。Where，Artificial grammar learning and research and two -character acquisition research have greater correlation。In an artificial grammar learning experiment，The subject is exposed to a complex grammar system，But they do not know that the system contains rules，I don’t know that it will be tested after training bet365 best casino games after training。This kind of study indicates，In terms of model learning and potential hidden knowledge development，Hearing processing is more advantageous than visual sequence processing。Researchers think，This is due to the different processing methods of hearing and visual input，It is treated in different leather areas of the brain; the hearing cortex is more sensitive to mode detection，and the visual cortex is more advantageous in terms of space information detection。

For example，In a study in CHRISTIANSen (Conway) and Christiansen，The subject is divided into three groups，Hearing、Performance of non -language mode training in visual and tactile modes。In one of the experiments，Researchers discovered，Three groups of subjects have different detection results of non -language mode，Hearing group (75%) performance is better than the visual group (63%) and tactile group (62%)，The verbal report of the subjects shows that they have not formed conscious knowledge。Therefore，Researchers think，This may indicate that the statistical structure of visual and auditory input has been hidden in the test。Understand here，Under these three modes，The test has developed hidden knowledge，And the auditory mode is most conducive to learning。Saffran's artificial grammar learning experiments also have similar conclusions。Learning task of language mode using the experiment，Examine the academicity of predicting dependencies in hearing and visual modal (Predictive DependenCies) and the differences in mode learning。Saverla discovered，Only in the hearing input experiment，The performance of learners with predictive clues in input in the forced selection test is better than the control group，It indicates that predicting Bet365 app download dependency relationships are better than learning in the auditory mode than in visual mode。

　　Study on modal effects in the second language learned

From the perspective of attention，Non -limited -time characteristics of written input allow learners to process the same material and read multiple reading。Therefore，Natural written input can release attention resources，Make the learner's attention and may be aware of the target features in the input。The learning opportunities provided by this non -time -limited characteristics of the written mode are different from the hearing input，The latter is essentially short、There is a time limit。The difference in information processing speed caused by different modals has caused many different directions to learn from the interests of two -character acquisition of researchers。

For example，In a task -type language teaching research，Researchers have proposed the task presentation mode (ie, written mission or verbal task) how to adjust the opportunity and task performance of two -character learning，How the modal of the task affects the language output of the learner、The perception of task characteristics and the results of language -related events and the level of participation。Research indicates，Written mode can make language more complicated than the auditory mode、More accurate，and the difficulty of learning the perception of learners。The opposite of spoken expression tasks，Writing tasks are considered to make learners strategically allocate cognitive resources，and provide more opportunities to monitor its language output and use explicit knowledge。In the classic two -character study，Researchers have inspected the role of test modes and their impact on the performance of the two -character。Considering the perception bet365 best casino games burden of auditory processing，A question of researchers is quite interested in: the hearing syntax judgment task has caused "disadvantages" to the subject (or whether the task of the written grammar judgment has caused the "performance advantage" to the subject)。results show，Written grammar judgment task is more accurate，Short reaction time，This increases credibility for the simplicity of visual processing。Researchers think，This is due to the different cognition requirements of the subject's hearing stimulus and permanent visual stimulus in the test sequence of processing.。Some studies directly explore the impact of the input mode on the acquisition process，Specifically，When the learner is required to pay attention to the meaning and form of the language at the same time，How to influence the understanding of learners。Research Discovery，When entering the visual form of natural written form or verbatim, when entering，Test the input meaning test and process the input significance and the input meaning and the form of the subject.。

In short，The results of the study of second language acquisition and cognitive science indicate，The way of presentation of language (ie, the time -limited time and time -limited audience) and physical media (that is, visual and auditory mode) may affect the learning process of the second language。

　　Revelation of Chinese Foreign Language Teaching

In the discussion of the research on modal effect above above，We can get two basic conclusions: first，The language input in the auditory mode has a relative advantage in developing learners' hidden knowledge，But due to its shortcomings and irreproducibleness (except that the learners repeatedly listen to the recording of the hearing input)，The opportunity to learn to learn to learn from learners is more Bet365 lotto review limited，Not conducive to learners to consciously learn the explicit knowledge of grammar。Second，The language input in the visual mode has a relative advantage in developing learners' explicit knowledge，This is because the learner can repeated self -firing processing of written materials，So as to pay attention to the formal characteristics of grammatical structure or vocabulary mix，or make real -time monitoring of language output，to correct language expression in time，Improve the accuracy and complexity of language output，But in mode recognition and potential hidden knowledge acquisition, natural advantages that do not have an auditory modulus。This can be seen，Two input modes are suitable for different stages of foreign language learning，Foreign language teaching targets at different stages。

Under my country's foreign language teaching environment，The learning of foreign language grammar begins with conscious explicit learning，The result is that the learner first grasped the explicit or statement knowledge of the grammatical rules，Although this kind of knowledge cannot be flexibly used in the real -time communication of foreign languages，3964_3991，so that learners get the necessary language use opportunities。But，The core of the two -language ability is the subconscious、hidden knowledge，This kind of knowledge can be automatically obtained in real -time communication，so as to achieve smooth communication。Therefore，Different stages of foreign language teaching，While ensuring that the learner gets enough visual modal input，Input of understanding of understanding auditory mode should be increased，Activate the mode detection function of the brain hearing cortex，Gradually convert grammatical knowledge bet365 Play online games into a hidden programming knowledge。other，This hidden knowledge of acceptance needs to be passed by a lot of、Extensive focusing practice，The hidden knowledge that promotes it into output。

Rebuschat and Williams in 2012 were more representative。They have studied whether adult two -language learners can develop hidden knowledge from the focus of the concentrated practice through two experiments，As a result, it was found that when they simplified the semi -artificial language they used in an experiment, and added an exercise activity (that is, the speech induction)，The subject shows a significant learning effect (the accuracy of the grammar judgment test is 61%)，and developed reliable hidden knowledge。The revelation that the research gives us is，Foreign language learners at different stages should provide hearing input of different difficulties，Make sure it can perform pattern recognition on the basis of understanding，other，The memory and internalization of the result recognition results should be further promoted through the focus of the output exercises。Of course，As for what difficult hearing mode, input is suitable for learners at different stages，Need a foreign language teacher constantly explore through teaching practice。In short，In foreign language teaching in my country，The visual and auditory input model should be organically formed、Dynamic binding，Foreign language teaching goals for different stages，Reasonably set the input ratio of the two，At the same time, supplemented by a variety of focal focus exercises，On the one hand, promoting explicit grammar knowledge is gradually transformed into hidden grammar knowledge，On the other hand, realize the transition from hidden knowledge to the hidden knowledge of output，to Bet365 app download improve the comprehensive use of foreign language use。

　　(This article was funded by the Jiangsu Province "Blue and Blue Project" project (Teacher [2017] No. 15)

(Author Unit: Academy of Foreign Languages ​​of Taizhou College)