Autism spectrum disorder,Also known as pervasive developmental disorder of childhood,is a group of developmental disorders characterized by communication, language and behavioral abnormalities,It is a common mental disorder in children。In recent years,There is a significant increase in the diagnosis rate of autism spectrum disorder。The incidence rate 15 years ago was 1/150;American Academy of Pediatrics releases first update in 12 years of data on children with autism spectrum disorder in December 2019,The current diagnosis rate has reached 1/59。Theoretically there is no regional difference in the diagnosis rate of autism spectrum disorder。Considering our country’s large population base,Refer to this diagnosis rate,Conservative estimates put the number of children with autism spectrum disorder at about two million to four million。Due to unknown cause,There is currently no clear drug treatment option globally,Early bet365 voucher is currently considered the most effective treatment and rehabilitation program。The following is based on the perspective of home language bet365 voucher,Explain the specific content and implementation of home language bet365 voucher,And analyze the advantages and challenges of home language bet365 voucher。
bet365 voucher needs to determine bet365 voucher goals according to the specific conditions of autistic children。The determination of bet365 voucher targets must be scientifically rigorous,The following three basic principles should be followed: First, the principle of function priority。Prioritize everyday language in a home environment,Especially the use of language related to daily self-care。The second is the priority principle of parents or guardians。Conduct detailed interviews with parents or guardians in advance,Carefully ask parents or guardians what abilities they need to improve in their daily interactions with learners,For example, understanding and following instructions、Response and management of conversation content and the ability to express one's thoughts fluently, etc.。The third is the teaching priority principle of sentences and verbal expressions above the sentence level。Prioritize language teaching based on sentences or paragraphs。
Clear bet365 voucher goals will help to achieve the following points: First,Teaching materials can be adjusted according to the actual level of learners,Adapt to their language expression level。Second,Pragmatic ability improvement is more closely related to speech bet365 voucher,The teaching content is not simple imitation and ordinary cognition,It is the improvement of speech ability based on improving pragmatic ability。Third,Conducive to developing home language bet365 voucher strategies。An bet365 voucher plan lasting at least one month is required in the initial stage,Adjust the bet365 voucher strategy at any time according to the changes and development of the language ability of children on the spectrum。Fourth,Teaching content must be closely related to daily life situations,It helps learners generalize the skills they have learned in the bet365 voucher in their home life。
In order to take into account the common characteristics and heterogeneity of children with autism spectrum disorder,The course content provided has the same parts,There are also individual teaching plans designed according to their own characteristics。Therefore,Pragmatic bet365 voucher is roughly divided into two parts: structured teaching activities and unstructured natural home activity skill generalization。
Structured teaching activities generally include three stages。The main contents of the first stage include: understanding and management - understanding the meaning of "knowing" and "not knowing",Distinguish between "guess" and "guess",Master the strategies for expressing “don’t understand”,Know how to ask the interlocutor to “repeat it again”;Understanding of social context – making simple inferences from familiar procedures,Confirm social environment through bet365 voucher and behavior,Describe behavior and bet365 voucher in different social situations,Point out and correct errors in behavior and bet365 voucher;Basic metapragmatic awareness - the understanding of other people's words and the related behaviors of the words,Have basic narrative skills,And recognize the emotions of people in the environment。The main contents of the second stage include: bet365 voucher processing - mastering vocabulary and word knowledge,Narrative expression,bet365 voucher understanding of non-literal interpretation,Understanding of style,Better understanding of words;Improved pragmatic ability - understanding of information,Rotation skills,And the understanding and management of topics in conversations;Social understanding and interpretation - understanding of social cues and emotional cues in communication, etc.。The third stage is mainly to consolidate the skills learned in the first and second stages,Combined with home self-care activities to generalize skills。
The generalization of unstructured natural home activity skills is mainly through timely and correct bet365 voucher input in home activity scenarios,As well as correcting behaviors that do not comply with communication rules and supplementing them with correct bet365 voucher expressions and behaviors。
The advantages of home-based language bet365 voucher mainly include the following points: First,Based on daily home life,Learn now and use now,Conducive to the generalization of teaching content for children with autism spectrum disorders。Based on the improvement of self-care in personal life,Revolving around the functional features of language,Can effectively improve the social functionality of their language in home life。Second,Parents become more familiar and understanding of their children with ASD,Home language bet365 voucher is more natural than classroom teaching。Children on the autism spectrum are generally less obedient and cooperative,Parents are the most familiar objects,Having a long-term good cooperative relationship,This is conducive to the development of learning activities。Third,From the perspective of autistic children,Home-based language bet365 voucher is less invasive。Due to natural communication difficulties,Children with autism spectrum disorders are often wary of strangers,It is not easy to gain their trust and cooperation,Parents are the most reliable people in their hearts。
We must admit,Compared with daily institutional and school teaching,There are some difficulties and challenges in the implementation of home language bet365 voucher,Mainly reflected in: first,There is great heterogeneity among children on the autism spectrum,Need to tailor bet365 voucher programs to each child,This means that more manpower and material resources are needed。There is currently a large gap in teachers who can provide bet365 voucher for autism language disorders in China,It is not easy to mobilize limited teachers to carry out work。Second,Parents need to bear greater pressure,Emotional issues may arise during the actual bet365 voucher。Survey shows,The pressure on parents of children on the autism spectrum is several times that of parents of children with normal development。Increased time spent facing children,Reduced chances of breathing and decompressing,These will add extra psychological burden to parents。bet365 voucher under severe psychological pressure,If you don’t get good guidance,It is easy to cause a series of problems。Third,In terms of professionalism,Parent-teacher conferences are slightly inferior to front-line teachers。Parents are usually busy with work,Mainly rely on the power of institutions and schools to intervene and educate children。Parents carry out bet365 voucher at home,You must need professional teachers for guidance。Fourth,Long-term and high-frequency bet365 voucher can easily make parents feel exhausted,So teachers from institutions or schools need to work together to solve children’s bet365 voucher problems;Design lively and interesting language bet365 voucher courses,Effectively attract the attention of children with autism spectrum disorders,Provide support and help to parents,Has certain difficulty and challenge。
Children with autism spectrum disorders are highly heterogeneous,It is not easy to do one case per person。Currently, the professional teachers engaged in language disorder bet365 voucher in China are far from meeting the needs of the huge population of children with autism spectrum disorder。Low professional ratio,Causing considerable difficulties to the smooth development of the work。How to support the majority of children with autism spectrum disorders to carry out language bet365 voucher and rehabilitation training at home is a huge challenge,Need government、Society、Community、Families unite to solve the problem。
(This article is a phased result of the Ministry of Education’s Humanities and Social Sciences Research Youth Fund Project “Empirical Research on Pragmatic bet365 voucher for High-Functioning Autistic Children” (19YJCZH136)
(Author’s unit: Guangdong University of Foreign Studies bet365 voucher Disorders and Speech Diagnosis and Treatment Research Center、International Business English School)
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