bet365 games path of nation-building is unique in the development process of world history and politics。Review of its construction path，Help to understand the development trend of modern Russia，Provide reference for the future development of Sino-Russian relations。The Institute of Regional and Country Studies at Peking University recently held a liberal arts workshop，Russian historians at home and abroad、Expert in political science，An in-depth discussion was conducted around the topic of “bet365 games choice of path to ‘state construction’”。

　From the concept of “bet365 games” to the concept of “Greater Eurasia”

From a historical perspective，Ideological swing has always been one of the most fundamental problems in bet365 games national construction，Russia is like a huge pendulum，Continuously wandering between Eastern and Western cultures。

"Russia has natural advantages in carrying out greater Eurasian diplomacy，So whether objectively or subjectively，bet365 games return to greater Europe is difficult and long-lasting。" Zhao Huirong, a researcher at the Institute of Russian, Eastern European and Central Asian Studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, proposed in his speech，Although Russia will not give up its pursuit of "Greater Europe"，But in diplomacy, we will combine changes in the international situation to pursue its actual interests。

Zhao Huirong said，The idea of ​​a "Greater Europe" from Lisbon to Vladivostok originated from French President Charles de Gaulle。Later，Gorbachev extended it on this basis，Proposed the establishment of a "common European home"。After the collapse of the Soviet Union，In the debate over where bet365 games is headed，Eurocentrism and Slavonicism、Gain an advantage in the competition of Eurasianism，reached its peak during the Yeltsin era。However，The “Greater Europe” envisioned by bet365 games and the EU is different。bet365 games hopes to join the Western world，Equal to the West，The EU hopes that bet365 games will enter "Greater Europe" as an obedient country rather than an ambitious country。This is destined to have sharp contradictions in the geopolitical level of the "Greater Europe" concept。

After the Crimea incident，The West imposes economic sanctions on bet365 games and continues to exert political pressure，Relationships between bet365 games and the West have deteriorated across the board，bet365 games has no choice but to give up the idea of ​​a “Greater Europe” that it has been pursuing for many years，The "Greater Eurasia" concept replaces it。Zhao Huirong said，There are still quite a few Westerners who believe that bet365 games will return to "Greater Europe" sooner or later，Even the idea of ​​“Greater Eurasia” itself，In a sense, it can also be regarded as an expanded version of the "Greater Europe" concept。Among the many problems between bet365 games and the West，The Ukrainian issue is the reason why the West imposed sanctions on bet365 games，It is also one of the key sticking points in the relationship between bet365 games and the West。Future，Progress may be made in the conflict in eastern Ukraine，But it is very difficult to completely solve it。

　“Putinism” has a profound impact on bet365 games

Pang Pangpeng, a researcher at the Institute of Russian, Eastern European and Central Asian Studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, talked about bet365 games contemporary institutional transformation。After the collapse of the Soviet Union，bet365 games institutional transformation and development process can be divided into four stages: the Yeltsin period was the Great Break、A period of great independence and great turmoil；Putin’s first eight years were adjustments、A period of recovery and stabilization；The "Mepp Combination" period was in response to the economic crisis、The period of starting the comprehensive modernization process；Putin’s new era is to deal with changes in Russia and the outside world，A period of striving to realize the rise of great powers。In second、The third stage，System consolidation and concept consolidation are intertwined，No parallelism。

In Pang Peng’s view，bet365 games system transformation faces challenges from three sets of relationships: the relationship between national security interests and social development interests；The relationship between economic modernization and the autonomy of power structure；The relationship between political modernization and political control。He thinks，The linkage between institutional transformation and the outside world is reflected in bet365 games international outlook and its spillover effects，How to solve the mismatch between the balance of power in the international structure and bet365 games understanding of itself，It is a long-standing problem in bet365 games system transformation process。Russian politics is among world politics，New characteristics of world politics will affect changes in bet365 games national identity。

Pang Pang Peng said，Putin’s current governance philosophy and measures are collectively referred to as “Putinism”。The concepts and institutional characteristics presented by “Putinism” have triggered debates between the West and Russia on national governance and development paths。“Putinism” is in line with bet365 games national characteristics and historical national governance traditions，The connotation can be summarized as political control、The political nature of the economy and the convergence of diplomacy。“Putinism” has a profound impact on the world situation and the development of Russia。

Strengthening national identity bet365 games process of transformation

Russia is a multi-ethnic country，2010 Census Display，The number of ethnic groups in Russia reaches 193。Professor Zhang Jianhua of the School of History of Beijing Normal University talked about bet365 games transformation process，Efforts in national identity and national identity。He said，The Russian government recognizes national identity，Recognize that any nation is entitled to have its own language and culture。At the same time，The Russian government is also making great efforts to strengthen national identity，That is, citizen of the Russian Federation is the first identity of every citizen，All citizens must first abide by the country’s values。

19th century to early 20th century，The Russian Empire embarked on a path of external colonial expansion。Alexander Morrison, associate professor of history at Oxford University thinks，Tsarist bet365 games rule over Central Asia has always been fragile，The region was never truly integrated into the Russian Empire。The rulers of Tsarist Russia lacked understanding of the local social and economic structure，And blindly confident in Russian culture。The rulers of Tsarist Russia had wishful thinking，Russian Central Asia will finally abandon Islam，The emergence of cultural Russification。The rulers of Tsarist Russia even firmly believed，The failure of its ethnic policy was caused by local nationalist fanaticism。At the end of the tsarist reign，The rulers began large-scale resettlement of Russian peasants from Europe in Central Asia，An attempt to strengthen bet365 games rule in the region。Finally，In 1916, Central Asia experienced the outcome that local officials feared most - a large-scale uprising。

Professor Uyama Tomohiko of the Slavic Research Center of Hokkaido University, Japan analyzed Tsarist bet365 games attitude towards non-Russians。He said，There are currently two diametrically opposed views on Tsarist bet365 games rule over non-Russian regions: one is that the empire is a “prison of nation-states”；The second is that on issues of race and ethnicity，Russia has a more tolerant attitude than other European empires。However，There is a problem in both the "empire of tolerance" theory and the "state prison" theory，That is, both tend to regard Russia's policy towards non-Russians as a consistent and universal policy for all ethnic groups throughout the imperial period。But in fact，bet365 games ethnic policy has changed dramatically over time，There are also obvious differences in policies towards different ethnic groups。