October 11，A survey published on the field of science, technology and social research published in the field of science, technology and social research published in the nearly 40 -year papers released by the official website of the London School of Political Economics and Economics.，The presentation style and method of academic achievements in this field are increasingly homogeneous。The article also explores how this phenomenon has an impact on the innovation of knowledge innovation in science and technology research。This study was Wolfgang Kaltenbrunner, a senior researcher at the Lawton University Science and Technology Research Center of the University of the Netherlands、Kean Birch, Director of the Institute of Technical Science and Social Research, Institute of Technical Sciences and Social Research, Canada.。Our reporter interviewed Caltenburon on the relevant content involved in the study。

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The pressure on the papers faced by scholars is getting greater and greater，This is already a problem that is old。Related studies show，The number of papers published by researchers in the field of sociology in the United States has been almost 2 times in the 1990s。This process of maximizing the output of results to reshape academic work。For example，How do scientists decide which research project、What cooperation to find and under what circumstances Bet365 lotto review can research projects be considered to be completed。Caltenbron said，This not only gave birth to the phenomenon of "sausage papers" (refers to the content that belongs to the same research results and published at one time，Divided into multiple papers for behavior)，It also affects the forward -looking planning of the research project.。For example，They may put their research interests aside when choosing a research project，Priority to the possibility of the research results in well -known journals。

Excessive attention to the published on the paper will also lead to a specific project "completion" standard，is the time for the results of results papers to be accepted by the journal。The paper is published，Researchers may be transferred to another item that is expected to publish more papers，Regardless of whether the potential scientific issues have indeed been fully solved。In some areas，Researchers put almost all activities under the strict calculation of resource investment and expected income。Caltenbron believes，Publication production efficiency is significantly improved，It will bring risks to the diversity of intellectual quality and research results。

This research first reviews the development of the papers format in the field of science technology and social research in the past 40 years。A scientific metering analysis of the 18 scientific and technical research fields of scientific quotation attraction databases，Researchers discovered，The continuous growth of the output of the article is accompanied by homogeneity of the characteristics of the article，It is mainly manifested in the following Bet365 lotto review aspects: Articles are more and more concentrated in about 20 pages，Contains 50-60 references，And the phenomenon of multiple authors is increasing。other，The self -references of journal literature in the field of science and technology research greatly increased。That is to say，More and more authors who published articles on the scientific quotation attraction database use the same database publication as the main literature foundation，and then strengthened the writing mode。

　　The format of the paper is solidified or the cause of knowledge innovation 

Researchers find out after analyzing the content of the article in different periods.，Publishing format is increasingly presenting or standardized。Journal articles in the early 1990s usually contain a variety of diverse、Publishing types that are more free in form，For example, prose、Comments articles and literary works。Different forms of articles can promote communication，Because the scale of science and technology research was relatively small at that time，Scholars may know each other privately，Share knowledge，It is also easier to cross the difference in the format of the article。Caltenbron said，These forms of articles play a special role in the history of science, technology and social research。At that time，Scholars in this field often criticize the understanding of scientific understanding of empiricalism，And this philosophical criticism can be implemented through a variety of articles。

But，Expressing over time，Non -research articles are gradually being marginalized，Research articles began to follow the same form structure。For example，The author no longer thinks Bet365 lotto review about the correlation between himself and the reader，Instead, it directly summarizes the clear academic research needs or proposes a concept framework from the existing literature，Introduce your research topic。Another feature is，Overview research method in a special chapter，and depend on interviews、Work of national ambitions、Document and other sets of fixed data collection methods。Some of the reasons may be that researchers have lost interest in diversified experiments，It may also be because this type of article requires more time to prepare for preparation。

Caltenbron believes，The increasingly typed or standardized articles format，In essence, researchers try to improve the results of research and release process efficiency by reducing the degree of complexity。In the early stages of career，Science and Technology and Social researchers often have strong productive orientation，and to cope with the instability of employment。Because projects with time limit are regarded as a typical output form，Easy to calculate investment and income，It is also easier to manage。Of course，Relying on the type format of the type can also create flexibility in the actual writing process，For example, separate the concept and experience element of an article，Then see it as two parts of independence。Generally speaking，Article format standardization simplifies daily work to some extent，And this is a more diversified publishing culture that cannot be provided。

Studies show，When researchers are in the research team、When the college department or the collective level of the entire research field is coordinated，You Bet365 app download can use collective intelligence resources into reusable elements。Research method、The creation of tools and theoretical concepts is a very challenging process，At first, researchers need to make great efforts，Once they are fully understood，It can be relatively easy to be re -used by others。Standardization of the format of the article helps the realization of this process，That is a relatively unified article format to summarize and explain early literature、Framework research issues and structural arguments provided a model。Concepts and theories are fixed as mobile analytical resources through frames，Can be applied to new empirical issues。More importantly，The homogeneity of the publishing format reduces the workload of researchers to re -submit the manuscript to the journal after being rejected，and easier to divide the contribution of individuals in publications。

But，The standardization of this paper may also become some incentives that hinder the originality of intelligence。An interview with the concept of a "gesture theory" is explained，Some papers point to some scientific, technological and social research documents by reference，But the relevant personnel did not substantially participate in the previous research work。More common approach is to propose a new concept that is considered to have moderate innovation value at the end of the literature review.，But this concept can also be used as part of the title or display on the first page of the article，to guide the reader to quote it。

　　Form Conservatives to give birth to knowledge conservatism 

Researchers need to provide sufficient theory in their Bet365 lotto review own papers to support the empirical work，But at the same time, this method must be conducive to the acceptance and reference of peers，No need to spend too much time in theory，This has given birth to the form of conservatism in the form of thesis。Of course，This research does not want to "romanticize" the past publishing culture，Because in the 1980s and 1990s，Science and Technology and Social Research is equivalent to a "Old Boy Club"，Academic exchanges rely on a small number of influential journals。Caltenbron said，This research does not encourage the diverse experimental writing method as an alternative。No kind of poster format is naturally better than another，It is not advisable to imitate Impressionism or other special writing methods to restore diversification。Just now we need to realize，When the thesis is published for standardization，Diversified forms that can be benefited from the fields of science and technology and social research。

You can be sure，Original studies of many disciplines are published regularly in traditional standardized forms，And published a relatively traditional article in the field of science and technology and social research is not easy。But，Revelation of this study，Reader's perception of academic research，enable them to discover the original、Critical or other inspiring contributions。Standardization of the publication of the paper may make the convention of constructive arguments too strong，thus affecting the reader’s perception experience。With the increasing standardization of the form of the paper，Whether the field of science and technology and social Bet365 app download research will be more open in the future，and welcome diversified knowledge traditions and concepts，The current research cannot be determined。