2019 is the 100th anniversary of the birthday of American writer Jerom David Singer (1919-2010)。His novel "Watchman in Wheat Field" is considered to be one of the classics of American literature in the 20th century，Its works often appear on the best -selling book list and become a hot spot for critics to chase。Singer's life is quite legendary。His family from a Jewish rich businessman，He has experienced World War II，​​I also rejected the banquet invitation of former US President Kennedy's banquet。He pays great attention to privacy，Few interviews，After becoming famous。But perhaps it is Sallinger's maverick to make him a hot spot in discussion in the United States and many other national literary circles，until today，"Sallinge heat" does not cool down。

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Singer was born in New York, USA。His father is Jewish，Mother is Catholic before marriage，In order to be able to successfully marry Singer's father, he also converted to Judaism。But because of the family of Sallinger's father, the spirit of "rebellion tradition" has always been，Coupled with the prevalence of anti -Semitism in the United States in the 1920s and 1930s，Therefore, the parents of Sallinger are as deep as their Jewish identity，Even silent about your children，It can be bet365 Play online games seen at the beginning of "Watchman in Wheat Fields": "If I talk about my parents' personal affairs，The two of them will lose their temper。"Later, the Singer family cut off the relationship with all religions，This not only achieves the purpose of the family's "profit and avoid harm"，More foreshadowing after the change of thought after Sellinger。

The United States participated in the World War II，Many American patriotism is ignited，Singer also joined the army，He first served as a communicator，After being arranged to engage in intelligence work。But the passion and ideals when they first entered the army were soon replaced by fear and death of the battlefield，War made Sallinger's physical and mental damage，completely subverting his spiritual world。The strong words when joining the army have transformed into a belief in "survive"，Especially seeing because of heavy snow melting，A large number of U.S. soldiers' remains revealed in the Hitgen Forest，Singer knows that he can trust and rely on comrades -in -arms，instead of God。

The works created by Cyrinne during the war carefully showed his ideological changes: "Last and the best Peter Pan" written in the early days of his joining the army vividly portrayed the mother's reluctance to the enlistable son; "The last day of the last holiday" is a concentrated attack and disclosure of the bloody nature of the war; God in "A guy in France" has been replaced by "a family book"; "Strangers" involves soldiers。In short，War has a huge influence on bet365 Play online games Singer，Various cruel scenes make him question the existence of God，Writing just fills the emptiness that he has caused by his faith collapse，Become a force that supports him to survive。At the end of World War II, although it stopped physical pain and torture，But psychological trauma is always difficult to heal。For this，Singer once said，"You can never really completely completely burn the body from the nose，No matter how long do you live "。

　Take out the haze with the help of oriental philosophy

After the end of World War II，Pessimism、The crisis of spiritual collapse and faith has become a common phenomenon in American society。The banner of "Liberalism"，will be rebellious、Anti -traditional activity such as indulgence and abuse to be regarded as the behavior of some Americans who regarded as a creed，Strike the spiritual atmosphere of the United States。In this case，Some Americans begin to study the culture and thoughts of the East，Seeking spiritual destination and the direction and meaning of life。At the same time，A large number of ancient oriental literature and religious works were taken to the United States，Get the attention and spread of people。

Singer has studied the thoughts of Buddhist Zen since the end of 1946，At that time, he had left the battlefield，And just ended a marriage that only maintained less than one year。After experiencing the hit of war and the failure of marriage，Singer had a short -term confusion。But after contacting Zen thoughts，Especially after acquaintance with Japanese bet365 Play online games Buddhist scholars Suzuki，The depression in his heart was relieved，Clarify your writing and life direction。In order to be able to better understand the thoughts of Zen，His far away from the noisy and prosperous metropolis，Move to a more quiet town to live，Daily life around meditation、Yoga、meditation and writing。Studying the thoughts of Zen let Sallinger have a sense of responsibility，That is to enlighten a spiritual enlightenment through his novels。So，Singer has created works such as "Franki", "Zui" and "Small Chuan", which contains strong Zen meaning。The dominant position among these works is no longer accusations and criticism of war，Instead of salvation and enlightenment of the soul。These works also reflect the positive role played by Oriental philosophy in the reconstruction of Syling。

　Drunk writing expressing life perception

Singer has been interested in drama and writing since childhood，He began writing the school magazine "McBennie" at the age of 13。During studying at the Fuji Valley Military Academy in the United States，He is the literary editor of the school year's "Cross Horse Sword" every year; at the Ulsinus College，He not only writes for the school newspaper，It also created its own column。Dan Singer's professional writer's road to meet his teacher White Bernite at the Columbia University，From then on，He published many literary works in newspapers such as "Novels", "Hamashis Magazine", "Saturday Evening Post" and "New York".。

Singer's writing is pure。Bet365 app download In terms of the attitude towards writing，He is clear and firm，In "Simo: Little Chuan"，He just uses Simo's mouth to indicate that writing is not a career，but belief，Therefore, the real writer will ask himself: "Did you pay attention when you wrote? Did you write about it?" And this belief will undoubtedly make some writers who are obsessed with fame and fortune at that time.。other，Writing runs through Singer's life，After contacting Zen thoughts，He even turns writing into all of life，Continuous writing in the "Studio" that is close to home every day，In addition to going home for dinner，He can hardly come out of the "room"，Because it is not just the place where his ideal "Grash family" was born，He is looking for calmness，Memoral understanding，Where to obtain self -salvation。More importantly，Through writing，Singer can be referenced with the characters in his own writing，If Batty in the Glas family is often regarded as the projection of Sallinge himself in his work。Some scholars think，Singer's "second self" should not only include Batty，Also includes the elder brother of the 7 brothers and sisters of the Glas family、The spiritual leader of the entire family。Indeed，Writing has become all the life of Sallinger's life，It is difficult for him，The appearance of Batty, which is extremely similar to Sallinger is the best proof of this。But due to the deepening of the understanding of Zen，Singer still has Batty’bet365 best casino games s body，But spiritually more spiritually facing Simo。Therefore，Simo is the most "extreme" form in mind，It is the ultimate realm of his self -salvation for his life。

Singer finds the destination of the soul in the philosophy of the East，Not a coincidence，It is because some oriental philosophy ideas with "intuition" and "perception" are closer to "human nature" and "nature"，and people are part of nature。Singer is undoubtedly lucky，Because of the timely passing of Eastern philosophy, he re -know himself after the war，I realize the meaning of life; Singer is happiness，His writer's identity allows him to meet in his work with "ideal self"，perfect and sublimation in each other's wrestling。Singer threw his minds to the public again and again，and give readers a real soul nourishing。On the occasion of the century of the birthday of Sallinger，We can still see the shadow of Sallinger in the works of many Chinese and foreign writers，Its influence has greatly exceeded the imagination of the critics at that time。Dang Sallinger lives alone forest、When the hidden avoidance of the world，Most of the critics think that he is just making Xuanxuan、Variant momentum，But when he poured out half of his life with forgetting me、Drunk writing comes from the time of the certificate，We know that he finally became the Simo Grasse in his pen。

(Author Unit: School of Literature, Renmin University of China)