As a new type of entrepreneurial method，Social entrepreneurial use of business mechanisms creatively solve the effectiveness of social problems.。Social Entrepreneurship Education in American universities began in the late 1980s，To a certain extent, it has promoted the development of American innovative talents and development of public welfare。

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Under the influence of immigrants from all over the world and its entrepreneurial spirit，The United States promotes social innovation and entrepreneurship through the implementation of various strategies，At the same time, actively promote public welfare charitable legislation。Multi -dimensional social support system enables American college social entrepreneurial education to sprout and develop。

First，The US's economic transformation strategy provides basic motivation for the development of social entrepreneurial education。Active risk capital network and the culture that encourages innovation prompts the United States to implement the "National Innovation Strategy"。The US government released the "National Innovation Strategy" in 2009，and revised it in 2011 and 2015，I hope to increase investment and support for the field of innovation and entrepreneurship，Promoting the development of entrepreneurial economy，Enhance people's understanding of "inclusive growth"，Improve social inequality、unemployment、Ecological destruction and other problems。The implementation of strategic and policies provides an opportunity and foundation for the development of social entrepreneurial education in American universities。

Second，The social and cultural in the United States provides cultural motivation for the development of social entrepreneurial education。The United States has inherited European charitable tradition，Its Bet365 app download domestic non -profit organization、Personal donation and volunteer services have been active for a long time and continue to grow，With institutionalization and organizational characteristics，Help solve some social problems，Promoting social change and innovation，It also provides important practical resources for social entrepreneurial education，It is an important driving force for the development of social entrepreneurial education。

Last，Provide legal guarantees for social entrepreneurial education through strengthening legislation on social entrepreneurship activities。The U.S. government introduced a series of laws and regulations such as the "National Service Trust Act", "Volunteer Protection Law", "Edward Kennedy Services American Law"，Encourage individuals and non -profit organizations to participate in social volunteer services，Clarify the status and action goals of public service people at the legal level。In recent years，With the evolution of economic development and social problems，Social enterprises develop in some developed western countries。In the United States，The main goal of social enterprises is to create new employment opportunities and provide social services，reflected fairness，Of course these companies are still market -oriented。As of 2020，US legislature has approved social destination companies (SPC)、Low -profit limited liability company (L3C)、Interest type limited liability company (BLC)、Legal forms of social enterprises such as statutory public welfare limited partnership (SPBLP)，laid the foundation for the development of social enterprises，It has also promoted the development of social entrepreneurial education。

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Observation of its development process, we can find，Social Entrepreneurship Education in American universities has the development trajectory of "Education subject independently — Promotion of Industry -Internal Expansion -Internal and External Cooperation"。

2080s，Public Bet365 lotto review management and entrepreneurial management education of some universities in the United States flourish，The influence continues to expand。Because public management and entrepreneurial management have essential connection and commonality，Therefore，Their educational flow has aroused the interests of some scholars and students。The School of Management of Yale University has opened a major in public and private management，To cultivate can be in the government、Commercial institutions and non -profit organizations play a special talent for leading role。Graig Dis, known as the "Father of Social Entrepreneurship Education", tried to offer social entrepreneurial courses at Yale University and Harvard University in the mid -1980s，In this process，Dis discovered that there is a huge room for development of the business framework and goals of the business framework。At this stage，Although social entrepreneurial education has not been popularized，But the independent exploration of the educational subject has laid the foundation for the development of entrepreneurial education in the United States。

In the early 1990s，Former partner of Goldman Sachs Group, International Investment Bank、John White Sea, chairman of the board of directors of multiple non -profit organizations, entrusted Harvard Business School to cultivate non -profit organization management talents in the form of donation。From this，Harvard University Social Entrepreneurship Center can be established。To expand the scope of the audience、Add curriculum fun，At the same time, the course can meet the requirements of the donor，Nothing to violate the mission of business leaders to train business leaders，Harvard University decided to adopt a discount method，Development courses with the above two functions，such as "Entrepreneurship in Public Department"，and bears teaching work with senior teachers。

With social needs and related donation activities,，Harvard University Business School passed the creation of a new major、Develop new courses、Hold an academic seminar、Establish an Alumni Federation and Inter -School Alliance、Establishing a social entrepreneurial contest and other measures to further enhance the influence of social entrepreneurial education。Harvard University'Bet365 lotto review s social entrepreneurial education course has received high attention，Stanford University、Duke University、Colombia University、Persian University、University of California, Berkeley, etc., has also established similar institutions，Social Innovation Center of Stanford University、Duke University Social Entrepreneurship Development Center, etc.。At the same time，Some academic achievements related to social entrepreneurship are published，Ru Dis's "Connotation of Social Entrepreneurship"、David Burnstein's "How to Change the World", etc.，"Stanford Social Innovation Review", "Social Enterprise Magazine" and other publications were also founded in this period。Expansion of the internal and universities through social entrepreneurial education，Social entrepreneurial practice activities are becoming more active，Social entrepreneurship has gradually become an entrepreneurial competition、Summer Camp、Leadership Training、Occupational counseling and other activities important content。

In recent years，The value of social entrepreneurial education is gradually recognized by more universities and social institutions，Other colleges except business schools in colleges and universities also offer social entrepreneurial courses，Provide support for the social entrepreneurial education system。The subject of social entrepreneurship education is more diverse，Through cross -border cooperation，University、Public agency、Public Welfare Enterprise、Social Organization, etc. in curriculum development、Course content design、Integration of teaching resources、Internship practice、Teacher training and other aspects have achieved complementary advantages、Innovation of Innovation。

　　Develop a broad -spectrum social entrepreneurial education

After more than 20 years of exploration and practice，The United States has formed a social entrepreneurial education system with a certain scale。Current，More than 150 universities in the United States provide various forms of social entrepreneurial education，Bet365 lotto review and promote the development of broad -spectrum social entrepreneurial education through diversified school institutions。In practice，Formed a business school、Social Entrepreneurship Center is the main，Public Management、Social work、Law、Engineering、Education and other disciplines in teaching institutions collaborate together，Social Entrepreneurship Education Models independently participated in students，By opening a social entrepreneurial course、Create a social entrepreneurial project、Organize social entrepreneurial competitions, etc.，Gradually establish a broad -spectrum social entrepreneurial education system，Promote cross -integration of various disciplines，Make social entrepreneurial education horizontal open development。other，Some American universities also set up the master、Society of Social Entrepreneurship Professional Course and Degree，Emphasize through the development of related academic research and the establishment of academic journals，Teachers and researchers for social entrepreneurial education and training，To achieve the depth and sustainable development of social entrepreneurial education。

To cultivate college students' sense of social responsibility，Promote the university service for the public interest of the university，American universities pay more attention to community service learning and entrepreneurial learning collaborative development，I hope that students can pay attention to social problems，Go out of the "ivory tower" and integrate into the community，Interact with outside school in a common benefit，Carry out social entrepreneurial research and practice under the guidance of teachers。

Some non -profit organizations have participated in the practice of social entrepreneurial education in the United States，Use the various platforms it has，Help teachers accumulate teaching experience，Get teaching resources，Quality certification in social entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities、Platform construction、Textbook Development、Project planning、Investment income、Teacher Training、Textbook Development、Case arrangement, etc., played an important role。Under the promotion of social entrepreneurial Bet365 lotto review education，The number and income of the US non -profit organization have increased，The source of income from non -profit organization mainly includes selling goods or services to private or public institutions、Personal donation、Investment income、Rent、Special events income, etc.，Among them, selling goods or services is its main source of income。2016，Non -profit organizations contributed 1047 trillion US dollars to the US economy，5.6%of the GDP of the United States (GDP)，increased by 0.3 percentage points from 2013。At the same time，The enthusiasm for Americans to participate in public welfare activities has also improved。2017，25.1%American adults participated in public welfare activities，It contributed about 8.8 billion hours of volunteer service time，1.6 percentage points from 2016。

Although the development of social entrepreneurial education in American universities has achieved certain results，but also facing some problems and challenges。First, the penetration rate of social entrepreneurial education in American universities is not high。Most universities currently carried out social entrepreneurial education are first -class universities，College of Liberal Arts and Sciences or universities less participation，Universities that carry out social entrepreneurial education are mostly distributed in cities with relatively superior economic and natural conditions，There is a problem of imbalance in regional development。Second, teaching work is facing a large challenge。From the perspective of teaching，Because social entrepreneurship involves multiple disciplines and is constantly changing，Therefore，Curriculum standard、Teaching cases and other lack of authentication of relative system and authority，Teaching is more difficult。Third, the social entrepreneurial education evaluation mechanism of colleges and universities is not sound，It has not yet established a sufficient scientific and comprehensive evaluation method and evaluation standard，It is difficult to effectively evaluate the teaching effect。

(Author Unit: School of Entrepreneurship Education, Bet365 app download Heilongjiang University)