Spain is one of the countries along the UNESCO Silk Road project。History of living in Iberian Peninsula based on Arabs，UNESCO calls it "the only country in Western Europe that connects more than nine centuries oriental culture"。November 27, 2018，At the time of a state visit to Spain，President Xi Jinping published a signature article in the Spanish "A Beyai" pointed out: "As early as 2000 years ago，Ancient land Silk Road connects the ancient capital of Changan with Tarangna in Spain。"Silk trade and production in Granada, Spain、Cordoo、Valencia、Barcelona、Torleto and other places leave a brilliant imprint，So far people can still be in the Silk Trading Hall of Valencia、Faya Festival, etc.，See the influence of the Silk Road clearly。In view of the unique history of Spain，The teaching content of the Silk Road in the History of Middle School in the Chinese Middle School shows unique national characteristics，Understanding related descriptions are positive for completing the research of my country's Silk Road History and the study of Chinese and Western transportation history。

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Spanish conventional secondary education consists of four -year junior high school education and two -year high school (or vocational high) education composition，Among them, junior high school education belongs to the compulsory education stage。Junior high school education sets geography and history into a course，"Geographical History Course"; high school set up "modern history of the world" and "Spain History" lecture，For students for elective。Bet365 lotto review So，Spanish junior high school historical textbooks usually combine the teaching content of the two subjects of geography and history，Integrated into a system。Take the mainstream publisher Anaya as an example，Its first textbooks in the first grade 12 units，The first 6 units mainly involve geographical knowledge such as terrain and climate，Explain prehistoric civilization from Unit 7，Gradually advance to Mesopotamia、Egypt、Greece、Rome and ancient Spain。The content layout of the historical textbooks published by the University of Oxford University Press in Spain is basically the same as Ania Publishing House，The historical part of the first stage is also the structure of 6 units。

Most of the historical research on the European Silk Road in the world mostly focuses on trade with Rome -Byzantine as the main line，Historical textbooks in Spain Middle School. The teaching content of Silk originally follows this characteristic，In the "Roman" unit in the first day or the beginning of the second day, "The beginning of the Middle Ages" (that is, the Emimon and Byzantine period) began to mention the Eastern and Western trade。It is worth noting that，Anaa version of textbooks, although it is considered that trade during the Byzantine period is very important，Handicraft industry develops rapidly，The ability to make silk，But does not highlight the expression of the conceptualization of "Eastern and Western Trade"，Instead, "Chinese silk comes to Byzantine，and Indian spices、ivory、Pearl，and amber in northern Europe、Leather and Wheat "This method uses silk as one of the products of the Roman Empire trade activities，Mention with other exotic products at the same time，The overall concept of the European perspective is reflected。

bet365 live casino games Rome -Byzantine's silk is full of mysterious colors，Where does the silk thread from making this oriental luxury goods come from? This problem has made Europeans a strong curiosity。Spanish "Official Tour of the Valencia Silk Museum" tells a story that has been widely circulated in the history and mainstream media of the country: Although China has strictly confidential silk production technology for thousands of years，It is strictly forbidden to pass abroad，But around 550 years，Two monks from "Serinda", a monk from the oriental country, secretly brought mulberry leaves and silkworm eggs to Byzantin Tenney I，Let Europeans understand the principle of silk production，Start the production of silk。This story associates the emergence and development of the European silk manufacturing industry with Rome -Byzantine。But，Even the European first prototype of Europe during the Rome -Byzantine period，The Spanish history community is recognized as the country's large -scale planting mulberry trees and the production of silk in the 8th century after the Arabs capture the Iberian Peninsula。

　　Contact between Muslims and Silk Road

Although Spanish historical textbooks have mentioned in Rome -Byzantine related chapters, it has mentioned that as one of the trading products，But most of the pen and ink on the Silk Road in the textbook fell in the "Islamic World" unit。3038_3049，The second chapter of "Islamic World" and the fourth chapter "Iberian Peninsula in the eighth century to the eleventh century" (that is, Spain during the Muslim occupation period) about the Silk and Silk Road.。

711，Muslim's strategy on the Iberian Peninsula kicked off.。The nation of Lumaaya to conquer the Kingdom of West Gotor from the south to the north，Establish the Andalus bet365 Play online games dynasty，Occupation of nearly 8 centuries of the Peninsula，Under the leadership of the Christian in 1492, the Christian attacked Granada，Only regain lost land。This period，Southern Muslims and Northern Christians coexist on the Iberian Peninsula，Ethnic groups of different religious beliefs are also in Madrid、Life in different areas of cities such as Valencia。They maintain their own religious customs and lifestyles，But there are certain trade and cultural exchanges。In view of Muslims and Christians coexist in the same land during the same period，Historical textbooks in Spain explained the society of Muslims and Christian living areas in different chapters、Politics、Economy、Arts and power changes，and intend to guide students to compare the two in all directions。

Silk as a trade product，It mainly appears in the part of the economic activity describing Muslim occupied districts，The economic activities of the Christian living area are mainly agriculture，Handicraft industry and trade are less developed。Ana Asia Edition textbooks officially used the "(East and West) Trade route" when describing Muslim's economic activities，and match the picture to present Muslims and the Mediterranean、Commercial exchanges in Africa and the Far East。Textbooks use a large space to introduce Muslims' contributions in Chinese and Western cultural exchanges，Including the introduction of Chinese paper、gunpowder and compass。other，Unlike Chinese middle school historical textbooks (such as the People's Education Publishing House) referred to the Chinese and Western cultural communicators of this period as "Arabs"，Spanish textbooks use the "Muslim" method from beginning to end，Correspondence with "Christian"，Reflecting the editor of the textbook'bet365 live casino games s attention to its religious attributes，Side reflects important factor affecting the construction of the world view of Spanish students。Textbooks require students to compare the lives of Muslims and Christians during the same period，Silk as an important product naturally belongs to the category of "Muslims"。Chapter VII of the Second Teaching Materials Chapter 7 "Late Middle Ages" describes the economic activity of the kingdom of Granada，Special photos of silkworms and cocoons，With text，Explain that the country's main economic source is silk production and trade。

　　The Silk Road is Europe and the world businessImportant channels of exchanges

The historical textbooks of different publishing houses in Spain have begun to use the term "Silk Road".。Anala Publishing House more uses the "trade route" method，Oxford Publishing House uses the concept of "Silk Road (China)" in the "Roman" chapter，Mark it as one of the foreign trade channels of the Roman Empire。In the "Islamic World" chapter，Oxford Edition textbook emphasizes that the Silk Road is one of the most famous trading routes in the Islamic world in Asian products。It is worth noting that，Just as the silk is combined with products from India and Nordic，European perspective often regards the Silk Road as Europe and Africa、One of many trading routes between Asia and the American countries，Have obvious global consciousness。When describing the 17th century European foreign trade landscape，Anala version of the textbook will place Europe at the map center，Mark a number of routes to the Americas to the west，There are several ways to connect to Asia to the east，Among them, the "Silk Road" refers to the Eurasian line，And the arrow only from east to west，It indicates that it is mainly imported Bet365 lotto review from the East。But，These various trading channels are named after the country，Such as Spanish line、Portuguese Line、Dutch route, etc.，Only the "Silk Road" is named after the product，Special identity that embodies the line as a historical and cultural symbol。

Since the word "Silk Road" proposed the word "Silk Road" in 1877，In China，This concept is continuously deepened，Become an important symbol of mutual learning of Chinese and Western civilization; in Spain，This concept carries the history of East and West interaction on the Iberian Peninsula，The significance exceeds the category of commercial trade，Pointing to ethnic coexistence and religious exchanges，It is an indispensable part of its national history。Observe the Silk Road from the perspective of European perspective，It is one of the important channels for business exchanges between Europe and the world，Through this line, it is passed to the West to the West is the unparalleled luxury goods and amazing advanced technology in the East，Therefore, it contains the spirit of "East School West"。Now，The "Belt and Road" initiative makes the "Silk Road" rejuvenate，Cross development opportunities to China and the West Trade。China is Spain's largest trading partner outside the European Union，Central and European trains departed from Zhejiang Yiwu to run through the Silk Road Economic Belt and arrived at the terminal Madrid。People from all walks of life in Spain are very concerned about the “Belt and Road”，I hope that Spain can export more goods and technology to China while being a commodity input country。When China is building the "Belt and Road" to spread the discourse system，It is advisable to weaken the historical narrative of "East Qiang West Weak" bet365 live casino games in the ancient Silk Road，Highlight the practical role of the "Belt and Road" initiative to improve the daily life of ordinary people in the country，The actual contribution made for the advancement of human civilization and equal exchanges，Let the "Belt and Road" be the "Silk Road" of the "Silk Road" in the new era of the new era.。

(Author Unit: Western language Department of Shanghai Foreign Studies University)