Chinese sentence research in the development of more than 100 years，Various theoretical methods of international cutting -edge at the same time，I also constantly explore its own structure and use rules。In fact, it was early in the early stage of founding，The Chinese grammar research system deeply puts on the mark of Western linguistic theory。"Ma Jianzhong, who is based on classical grammar，1898），"New Chinese Law" (Li Jinxi，1924），All have received European scholars against Latin、English and other important inspiration。At the same time，These early grammar works are also criticized for their mechanical imitation to the West。People have been confused by how to reasonably learn from Chinese research on how to reasonably learn from international linguistics。

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After the middle of the 20th century，Two important forces in the European and American linguistics are growing rapidly，occupied the dominant position of international linguistics。The generating grammar created by Jimsky (also known as formal sentence method)，With its pursuit of the commonality of human language, it has attracted extensive attention in the academic community。Jimsky thinks，The grammatical system of human language is roughly the same as a highly abstract level。His grammar theory is based on specific language，The general law of exploring language，The goal is to figure out the human cognitive system、The essential attributes of thinking and language。The doctrine has emerged from the 1950s，By the 1980s "jurisdiction and restraint theory" reached a peak，It is still ruled the Western Linguistic Circle。Another important school compared to this concept，Function that has gradually grown since the 1970s — Cognitive Bet365 app download Language School。This group of scholars do not agree with Jamesky's hypothesis on the congenital language ability，It is believed that the grammatical structure is formed and developed by the promotion of social communication forces。The theory of the two factions forms obvious opposition in the understanding and research methods of grammar，But all are pursuing the commonality of human cognition in the pursuit of cross -language，Letting language studies in the world can obtain great work space in these theoretical frameworks。Grammar research becomes the most active in the field of linguistics、The most fruitful door category。

Chinese grammar scholar has noticed the theoretical influence of formal sentences very early。Lu Shuxiang's "Chinese grammar analysis problem" in the 1970s wrote the philosophical background of this doctrine (at the time translated as "converting to the grammar"、Theoretical claims、Research methods, etc., conducted in -depth discussions，and partially adopted the theory to explain the Chinese phenomenon。The "Modern Chinese Sentence Structure" by Yu Yinqin is the discussion of the Chinese sentence structure of the Chinese syntax as early as possible。After the 1980s，A group of scholars represented by Xu Liejiong and overseas scholar Huang Zhengde launched a form of syntax research in Chinese in Chinese，Mainly focused on some topics that are concerned about the common concern of the international formal sentences。For example，Acting problem of anti -body replacement，Several sentence phenomena related to empty language categories，Including the syntax process of topic sentences、The empty theme of the small sentence、Whether the verb has a distinguished and irregular question, etc.。

The theory of functional grammar is the introduction of Chinese research in the mid -1980s。Liao Qiuzhong、Return scholars represented by Chen Ping，The system has carried out the index of Chinese nouns、& operate、bet365 Play online games Topic structure and information structure research on topics。Cognitive grammar introduction in Chinese research was in the early 1990s。Shen Jiaxuan's boundaries of real words and Zhang Min's study of the image of the syntax phenomenon，Treating the category in the Chinese grammar、prototype、Studies in the cognitive domain, metaphor and metaphor。

Generally speaking，From the mid -1980s to the mid -1990s，The two most important genres in Western Linguistics -formal sentences and functions -cognitive grammar，an unprecedented impact on Chinese research，It has spawned a lot of new topics and new discoveries。There are three main characteristics: one is to form two academic camps: "formal faction" and "function -cognitive faction" in Chinese grammar research; the other is to follow the trend of foreign countries，Both in Chinese -related facts participate in hot research on common attention in international attention; third, there are few dialogue between the two universities。This can be seen，How to study Chinese grammar research on the study of the bet365 Play online games characteristics of Chinese itself，How to surpass the opposite of the school、Realize the facts of Chinese facts comprehensively from different aspects of form and functions，is the key to advancing the study of Chinese grammar。Intercourse of Century，The overall situation of the study of Chinese grammar has changed，Researchers are more actively focusing on setting up topic selection from the actual Chinese language，Selecting method from the problem，Show more mature ideology and scientificity in research。

　Research methods for comparative form factions and functional factions

Direct dialogue between school school and function school is of great significance，But there are not many successful cases in this area。There are two reasons for this，On the one hand，The two schools have their own mature theoretical system and development process，It is not easy to comprehensively master any doctrine，Both aspects are more difficult; on bet365 best casino games the other hand，During a period of time, some scholars worshiped a bit of worship of foreign linguistics theory，Not based on a rational linguistic position，See the sources of different philosophical backgrounds and methodology of different theories。For the past 20 years，Chinese research is getting more and more mature，In -depth thinking about Chinese facts and philosophical thinking about research methods have all accumulated，Make the comparative research between the two universities systematically possible to become possible。

Looking back，In the book "Asymmetric and Tag theory" published in 1999，Shen Jiaxuan has a clear consciousness of dialogue。Form Sentence Law scholar Huang Zhengde proposed the Chinese -language main saying method to extract asymmetry in 1984 (later known as "marriage problem")。Xu Liejiong pointed out in 1995，Look at Chinese from the perspective of sentence constraints，There is no asymmetry of subject and object。As a formal scholar，He has noticed the constraints of the context。Shen Jiazheng's work broaden the field of vision，The concept of the sentence "subject、Objects "and the concept of semantic concepts" Divine、Affected "and the concept of the consistency" topic、Non -topic "linked，Pointing out that the asymmetry of the concept of semantics or the concept of use is not symmetrical.，Only by combining semantic and consonant factors can we fully solve the problem。This study is the position of functional grammar，But can face the problem of the formal sentence，Realized two positive dialogues of the theory，and get a new conclusion。

There are still many studies similar to this situation。For example，Acting problem of the anti -body representative "yourself" of the form of the form school，Chen Ping explained from the perspective of functional faction，According to the tendency of "yourself" in the discourse, "yourself" and the subject and objects，and this law is related to the topic; Zhang Min in the study of the "topic" bet365 live casino games structure，Various problems that take effect on the "adjacent conditions" for the generation syntax method，Using the "focus activation" of cognitive grammar; Zhang Bojiang in the study of Chinese limited words，Comments the problem of the use of the theory of limited word theory in Chinese，The subjective characteristics of the structure of the Chinese syntax are given a consistent explanation of the so -called "exception" of the law system in clauses;。These studies are mostly topics for the form of discussions for forms，Start with the difficult situation they can't solve，Practice to solve the function cognitive method，Display function -the explanation of cognitive methods in the sentence method。Although these studies have enriched the research perspective，Deepen the understanding of the specific sentence problems，But in general, it is still some important topics raised by Western scholars based on the Indo -European language facts，Support it with cross -language comparison。So far，True starting from the actual Chinese language，For the purpose of solving the fundamental problem of Chinese，Research on the essence of the two university methods is rare。

　Research method of exploring its own characteristics

Since the 21st century，Local consciousness of Chinese scholars、Mother tongue consciousness and theoretical consciousness further enhance。They fully summarize decades of research results，Cultural features of Chinese language in -depth，A series of important observations about the essential attributes of Chinese sentences。At the same time，In these 20 years，Academic circles fully absorb the experience of the theoretical methods of the two universities of international linguistics，Think about the commonality and differences in Chinese and many different types of languages ​​in the world with a more common view of language，Explore some self -made research methods。

One is the combination of syntax。This method is aimed at several classic bet365 Play online games difficulties in the history of Chinese research，Aware that the limitation of solving the problem with the displacement scheme of the form method，Absorbing the length of the cognitive grammar integration method，Based on the overall bet365 Play online games characteristics of Chinese sentences，Summarize a natural sense of language that is in line with Chinese mother tongue and is simple and operable。

The second is to put the sentence in parallel。This is the bold breakthrough of the syntax of the two universities.。In the study of the combination of the same finger combination in Chinese，When discussing the dilemma of the explanation of limited words，It is found that the characteristics of the combination of Chinese are commonly explained in the combination of Chinese，Seeing the universality of the relationship between Chinese "topic -explanation"。Shen Jiaxuan has accumulated more than decades of deep thinking，The profound essence of recognizing the ancient times of Chinese is based on the "conversation" sentence，The syntax relationship of Chinese is "based on the right"、The primary manifestation is side -in -relationship，The main relationship can be derived from side -side relationship。This understanding echo the cultural tradition of Chinese，At the same time, it covers the discussion and affiliation of formal sentences at the same time，It also absorbed the function — the information structure view and structure of the cognitive grammar，It marks the further maturity of Chinese scholars' grammar academic thought。

Since the middle and late 20th century，Due to the form of form and functions in the theory of international linguistics -the rise and development of cognitive grammar，Linguistics has a leading position in research methods in philosophy and social sciences。This half -century is also an important period for the prosperity of Chinese linguistics。Chinese grammar research while trying to absorb the theoretical results of foreign cutting -edge theoreticals simultaneously，Also exploring the essential bet365 Play online games characteristics of Chinese tirelessly，Reasonable combination of theoretical methods of Western linguistics with the spirit of Chinese culture and academic tradition，Show the rational comparison and choice attitude。This attitude and practice，Not only does it play an important role in further deepening Chinese research，It has become a clear banner of creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture。

　　(This article is the "Chinese Sentence Analysis of the Form and Method Methods of the National Social Science Foundation" (21byy034) phased achievement)

(Author Unit: Institute of Language Institute of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)