China's popular science translation practice roughly began in the late Qing Dynasty。For more than 100 years，Popular science translation experience five waves，Show a distinctive feature，It is a beautiful landscape in the history of Chinese translation。Popular science translation enables Western scientific concepts and knowledge to spread in China，For culture、Thought、Language、Education and other fields has a huge impact。

1960s to the first 10 years of the 20th century: the first popular science translation wave。From the beginning of the Opium War，China has gradually become a semi -colonial semi -feudal society。In order to save the picture，Since the 1860s，Official and folk set off a wave of translation。1865，Li Hongzhang founded the Jiangnan Manufacturing Administration and attached a translation museum。The translation hall brings together well -known Chinese and foreign scholars，Translated a large number of military、Physics、Chemistry、Geography、Medical and other books，Well -known translator includes Xu Shou’s Xu Shou、Hua Hengfang and others，Fu Lanya in the UK、Weilie Yali and others，There are 160 kinds of translation books，Representative translations include "Chemistry Ban Yuan", "Easy Reform of objects", "Battalion of Battalion", "Testing Drawing", "Legal Medicine", etc.。These translations introduced the basic principles and applications of natural scientific knowledge，It has a great impact on the absorption of Western intellectuals in the late Qing Dynasty，Effectively make up for the historical faults of the development of science and technology in China。

After 1894，The Restoration School seeks strong for reform，Da Xing's translation book to handle the wind。Many specialized translation institutions have been Bet365 lotto review established across the country，Such as Shanghai's Strong Society、Datong Translation Book Bureau、Agricultural Guild，Beijing's official book bureau，Wuchang's knowledge of knowledge, etc.。These institutions mainly translate Western social sciences。Under normal circumstances，Translation works are serialized on newspapers such as "Times", "Agricultural Journal", "Chinese and Foreign Journal", "Gezhi News" and other newspapers.，Subsequent publishing single edition。The most representative science translation results in this period are Yan Fu's translation。1896-1909，He has translated a number of western sociology、Political Science、Political Economics、Philosophy masterpiece，Such as "Sky Performance", "Yuanfu", "Group Scholarship", "The theory of Quanzhong", "Mueller's Famous Scholars", "Social Interpretation", "Law", etc.。He uses a large number of "follow -up", "translation", "pinching" in his translation，Try to explain the western philosophical thoughts and political views，call for readers to cheer up for self -strengthening、Salvation map deposit。Yan Fu is known as a generation of people in modern China，His translation not only carried out a huge popular science propaganda to the Chinese people，Revolutionary changes in the ancient tension of Tongcheng School, which were popular in China at the time。

In the 1930s: the second popular science translation wave。In the 1930s, the popular science translation wave was fiercely expanded by educator Tao Xingzhi。The 1930s，Tao Xingzhi returned from overseas，It is found that only a few people in China are engaged in scientific research in the ivory tower。He believes that technology should serve more people，So advocate the "scientific marriage" movement。He launching a scientific popularity in Shanghai，Introduce popular scientific knowledge to the hard work of the public and poor children。From 1931，He has founded bet365 Play online games the "Shanhai Engineering Troupe", "Reporting Children's Engineering Group", "Morning Gessor Team", "Stray Earnarian Engineering Group" in Shanghai。He summoned Ding Zhuzhong、Dong Chuncai、Fang and Yan、Tao Hong、Gao Shiqi、Lu Jinglou、Chen Heqin and others founded a natural school，Carry out scientific experiments，Compilation、Writing Popular Science Series。They compile、The "Children's Science Series" written in a total of 101 books，Series with a language that children can understand、Fresh style、New genre，It is easy to introduce to children and adults.、Popularized scientific knowledge。

China's texts containing popular science information since ancient times。For example，"Thousand Characters" is a Mongolian reading material that focuses on recording common information，The "Mengxi Bi Tan" of Shen Kuo in the Song Dynasty is a notes that include various practical information，The "Xu Xia Ke Travel" by Xu Xiake of the Ming Dynasty is a travel reading book that records the journey information。but，The number of traditional Chinese science science texts is small and the influence is limited。Tao Xingzhi and other translation and creation popular science text is to allow children to increase modern scientific and technological knowledge，Diverse genre、The theme is prominent、Novel content、Language and other features，Welcome to people。This has large extent to make scientific knowledge out of the ivory tower，For the people。

The 1950s and 1960s: the third popular science translation wave。1950-1961，Soviet popular science works have been translated to China in large quantities，Hooding the translation wave of Soviet science works。The 1950s and 1950s，Soviet popular science writers created rich popular science works。These popular science works are rich in content、Language、Diverse genre。At that time，China learn Soviet in all aspects，Also enthusiastically translated the Soviet bet365 live casino games science popularization work，To encourage the people to love life、Drum fullness、Construction of New China。All kinds of popular science works in the Soviet Union are all translated、Picking translation、Compilation and other forms have been translated to China，Some published in science pictorials such as Science Pictorial in the form of translations，Some are published by the publisher in the form of translation。Many publishing institutions translate and publish popular science books with nearly pious attitude，To reproduce the original in order to realize it，The text is translated by famous artists，Illustration of the original work、Fragmentation design, etc. as much as possible, transplant as much as possible。Some popular science translations also include various informative annotations，Make the content very practical。

The popular science translation wave in the 1950s and 1960s，Make full translation、Picking translation、Compilation and other different translation strategies have been fully displayed，Novel and diverse translation genres have emerged。At the same time，Popular science translation is realistic to reproduce the original style and layout phenomenon，It also brought new weather to the development of China's publishing industry。

The 1970s and 1980s: the fourth popular science translation wave。In the late 1970s and early 1970s，The whole country has set off academic science、Scientific boom，A large number of popular science translation works came into being。This period，Translator、Edit has a strong professionalism，Translation of pursuit of excellence。Popular science translation presents high quality、Popular features。For example，Boh Yongning Translation、"From one to infinity" edited by Wu Boge，Language Xiao Chang，The content is fascinating，Published by Science Press in 1978，First print 600,000 copies，Sales soon。Popular science translation text also presents rigorous Bet365 app download features，An improper problem related to politics，The translations are rigorous and appropriately processed。For example，The first sentence of "From One to Infinite" presented the topic of science with the gambling of the two Hungarian nobles，Because the relationship between China and Hungary at that time was more tense，The translation is not literally translated as "two Hungarian nobles"，Instead, it is translated into "two foreign nobles"。In just a few years，Many popular science books created in the 1950s and 1970s (such as "Physical World Strange Records" and "Aha，Smart Movement ", etc.) were all translated and published，and the number of prints is huge。That period，Popular science translation becomes an important spiritual food for people，Especially college students rushing to pass extra -curricular reading。Ingenuity is immersed in the translation of popular science and becomes unforgettable reading experience for many people，This enlightenment has their scientific dream，For science and education, the country、Economic takes an important role。

From 2005 to the present: The Fifth Popular Science Translation Tide。Since 2005，With the rapid development of China's economy，Popular science translation ushered in another wave。Many institutions in China、Introduction to the West of the West in multiple ways。Many magazines published translation or compiling from foreign journals at the fastest speed、Various popular science articles on the website，Some magazines have also established a good cooperative relationship with well -known foreign science science journals。For example，"Global Science" was exclusively authorized by the American popular science magazine "Scientific America"，You can compile and publish a popular science article in "Scientific Americans"。There are also some publishing clubs who spend huge sums of money to introduce all bet365 best casino games kinds of foreign families。For example，"First Promoting Series" published by Hunan Science and Technology Publishing House，Select the "first -class science popular work" of the world "first -class scientists"，Display the personal experience and major progress of scientists to solve the mystery of nature，Reflecting the exploration spirit and critical spirit of scientists in the process of revealing the mystery of nature。There are more than 60 volumes in this series，First appear in the form of "album"，Later, published in the form of "series"，such as the universe series、Physical Series、Life Series, etc.，Some popular science books become best -selling books，Such as "A Brief History of Time", "Cell Life Praise", "The Emperor's New Brain", "Hawking Speech", "New Physical Fantasy", "Broken Heaven", etc.。Relay Publishing House also spent huge sums of money to introduce French children's popular science classic，Published by the "First Discovery" series。This series of books use a unique film printing process，Insert some double -sided transmission pages in the book，Integration of knowledge and interest，To meet the cognitive needs of children。other，Many classic popular science texts have been re -translated，or please modify the original translator，Cone of it in the form of a new packaging。

At the same time，New media becomes an important medium for popular science translation。Current，Mobile phones have become an important tool for the spread of science translation text。Some websites publish the latest English -Chinese science science text，Another website will publish popular science text translation of online language。Some popular science enthusiasts build a platform spontaneously，Display popular science translation text。For example，Fruit Shell.com is the propaganda technology knowledge built by popular science lovers、Website that spreads technology bet365 Play online games information。Many websites are novel and unique、Famous form published science translation text，If the translation text and original text are parallel、graphic and text、Interactive Questions and Answers、Praise comment, etc.。In the background of the new era，Books、Newspapers、Website and other types of communication media published science and popularization translations，Not only for people’s production、Life provides colorful spiritual food，At the same time, a certain amount of economic benefits have been generated。

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(The author is a professor at the English Academy of Xi'an University of Foreign Languages)