How to change from Book of Bao to the book of philosophy，is the core question of the history of pre -Qin Yixue，It involves the relationship between Confucius and Zhouyi，and Confucius' interpretation of Zhouyi。The relationship between Confucius and Zhouyi，With the advent of the chapter "Master's Old and Good" Easy "chapter with the book" Ye "，Confucius learning "Yi" interpretation of "Yi" has basically become conclusion，At the same time, it also shows that Confucius' attitude towards Zhouyi，"" Yi "，I wish you a wishes，I look at its moral ears "，This will separate the "Yi" from the journey of Shi Wu。The book "Yi Chuan" clearly proposes to solve the "Yi"，Yin and Yang、Five Elements and Four Oshs Incorporate into the Yixue System，The final formation contains the sky、Di、People、The overall concept of Easy Dao, including the king，This is the main reason for the book of "Zhou Yi" to become philosophy。　　

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The so -called "watch its morality"，That is to observe the righteousness from the hexagrams of the Sixty -four Gua "Zhou Yi"，"Cheng's Yi Zhuan" preface cloud: "The principle of good and bad growth，The way of advance and retreat，Prepare to resign。""，"Resignation" contains deep morality。The following trial book "Two Three Son Questions" is cautious、Two thoughts during the service as a simple explanation。

"Two Three Son Questions" Confucius Show "Kun" hexagram six four words "聒 cysts，No blame without reputation，Said: "This is also the mouth of the villain。Little people say more，Multi -things and more troubles，□ □ can be derived，Can't speak ... The sage said，Used by Wanshi。Forever (it) does not say，What & lt; "Proposed the claim of bet365 live casino games cautiously，I think villains have to say with caution，and the sage may not say nothing。Today's "Yi Zhuan" also requires people to say with caution，such as "Yi Xiang" cloud: "The gentleman uses cautious words，Dietary ";" Fatty Two "cloud:" Ji Ren's resignation。Multi -resignation。"The idea of" The Analects "is consistent，such as "Learning" cloud: "I am cautious about things"; "For the Political" cloud: "，Regret，Lu in it。"" "。

"Two Three Son Questions", "Subject Time" thought is mainly reflected in the Confucius interpretation of "Gan" hexagram nine three words "gentleman's keys for the next day，Xiyi & LT; mud & gt; if，(Li)，No blame "，Said: "This is the gentleman when the gentleman's affairs，Time to move，□□□□□，flexion for success。Husband Day, more than，No flooding time when it is over time。Gentleman's affairs time，(Utah) camel drive also，Therefore, ‘Gentleman’ s Temporary Key ’。I stopped it at all times，Put in(Jing), so it is ‘Xiyi & LT; Mud & GT; If,(Li)，No blame '。"This encourages the gentleman to seize the timing when the time comes，Action，Even if it is noon, it will not stop，Life does not stop at the end。Once the timing is past，Stop it as，Set your body for peace，"Gen · 彖" is the cloud: "Twist when it stops，Shipping is travel，Dynamics without losing time，Its way of light。"The so -called" business time "，Sometimes movement，The line is travel，Stop if it stops，Drive when it is moved to，Time to stop and quiet place，"Damage · 彖" Cloud "walks with the times" is also。

To sum up，The interpretation of the hexagrams of the hexagram is mostly at the level of the righteousness，Pay attention to the cultivation of gentleman morality，Be careful、Contents in the aspects of service。Based on this，The ultimate goal of the cultivation of the "Yao" is benevolent，Its cloud: "Gentleman's virtue and seek blessings，Therefore, sacrifice is bet365 best casino games widow;，So Bu Ying and Greek。"" Parallel: "The benevolent and the righteousness。"The gentleman can be blessed by practicing morality，Practicing Reliever to seek Ji Ji，Therefore, you don’t have to ask for sacrifice and Buyu。"Miao He" Yiyun: "The gentleman's way of benevolence also，Although Effective，剀 巳 巳 巳? Endless day and night，Winter body does not volume，Daily carrier，must be achieved and then stop。"This statement is the way of gentleman in the righteousness，Even if it has not yet achieved，Can't stop learning，Must be day and night diligence，Lifetime tireless，So day after day，year after year，Sui can achieve the way of benevolence。So one here，Through the Confucius "Observing its morality"，The transformation from "Shi Wu Zhi" to "Gentleman's" Easy "。　　

　　Yin and Yang, Five Elements and Four Ash

"Zhou Yi" became a book of philosophy，Of course, the creative interpretation of Confucius's "watching its morality"，It is even more than yin and yang、Five Elements and Four Acts of Operation。From the perspective of the book "Yi Chuan"，Among them, the content of "watching its morality"，Easy to learn from the concept of yin and yang，and incorporate the five elements into the Yixue interpretation system，Explain the idea of ​​"time" from it。

Book "Here" begins with the beginning of the cloud: "Yiyin and Yang of" Yi ""，It is yin and yang、Rigid soft、Qiankun、Based on dynamic and static，Creativity proposes the two concepts of "the righteousness of heaven", "the righteousness of the earth" and "the righteousness of the martial arts" and "the righteousness of the text"，Eventually forming yin and yang、Rigid soft、Qiankun、Dynamics、Heaven and Earth、The unified whole as a whole，and explain its yin and yang in virtue、Easy -to -learn thoughts with rigidity and body。The key to the book of "Yi" here is yin and yang，Implement the abstract yin and yang concepts to Yin Gua and Yang Gua、bet365 Play online games Above the rigidity and softness，and yin and yang、The changes in rigidity and softness indicate the idea of ​​binary treatment，This constitutes an overall treatment and transformation。

"Five Elements" is an important concept in Zhouyi，But the handed down "Easy Chuan" does not talk about "Five Elements"，And the book "Yi Chuan" has repeatedly said "Five Elements"。"Two Three Son Questions" articles have the words "rational five elements" and "must go to the five elements"，"Yao" chapter even puts forward: "(also) authentic，Not water、Fire、Gold、Earth、Wudu is also called，The rhythm is soft and rigid。"It is worth mentioning that it is，The book "Yi Chuan" officially integrates the concept of the "Five Elements" into the Yixue System，But the connotation of the "Five Elements" is not consistent。"Two Three Son Questions" "Shun Five Elements" and the content of the heavenly level，The core is to conform to the sky，Emphasize the administrative order when it is emphasized，Developed into ancient "seasonal" thoughts。and "Five Elements" in the "Five Elements"，The use of the students of the ground。but，Regardless of "Five Elements" is heaven or authentic，Pay special attention to the concept of "time"，The former follows Tian Shi，The latter follows four o'clock，All reflects on the time of "Yao Dian"。

Four o'clock first reflected in the cycle of the four seasons，In the book "Yi Zhuan", it is mainly reflected through the change of profit or loss。"Went" chapter when interpreting the profit and loss two hexagrams，Four o'clock in spring, summer, autumn and winter，Use "Spring to Teach Summer" to benefit hexagrams，Means from the period from spring to summer; use "in autumn to teach winter" with loss hexagram，Means this time from autumn to winter。This reflects the ancients' attention to four o'clock，Ancient monarchs grant the public，For the next bet365 Play online games agricultural labor for the next step，This is related to the system of "timeing time" in ancient times，That is, "Shang Shu · Yao Dian" means "to grant the people"。This is common in pre -Qin ancient books，such as "Book of Rites · Month" cloud: "Everything is a big event，No big number，must be four o'clock，Cute Qi Qi also ";" Pipeline · Four Shi "cloud:" It is the old yin and yang，Dali of Heaven and Earth;，Yin and Yang of the Yin and Yang also。""，Shun 4:00 was a big thing at that time，Is the reference basis for agricultural life。

It can be said，"Yi" as a book，Yin and Yang as the basis，Use five behaviors，and reflect the "time" thought。

　　Yidao broad

In the inspection of the change of profit or loss，The book "Ye" further proposes the concept of "Yi Dao"，It said: "Therefore, Mingjun does not stay from time to time，No day or month，Not 筮 筮，Know good luck，The heart of the heavens and the earth，This is easy to do。"This involves" time "and" stay "、"Day" "Moon"、"Bu" and "筮" three levels of content。"Study from time to time"，No sacrifice、Do not fast; "No sun or moon"，That is, no need to break the good and bad with the sun and the moon;，That is, no need to break the good and bad。This kind of opposite ghost and god、The negative attitude of Bu Yan，was the ideological consensus at that time，There are also many records in the handed down literature，such as "Tuzi · White Heart" cloud: "No day, no month，and things from;，And know good and bad。"" This is "virtue of virtue，The trend of the god;，Bu Ying's Fan "is the same。Here，The subjective initiative of the more strongly regulates people，People no longer passively accept the guidance of the gods，Instead, actively go to cognition and grasp the changes of heaven and earth, and the good and bad，Only by this can "obey the heart of heaven and earth"，This is the core connotation of "Yi Dao"。

"Yao" chapter propose the concept of "Yi Dao"bet365 best casino games ，​​Then the cloud: "Therefore," Yi "(there is) Heaven 焉，instead of the sun and the moon (the star), the Chen is called，Therefore, it is yin and yang。(also) authentic，Not water、Fire、Gold、Earth、Wudu is also called，The rhythm is soft and rigid。also (with) humane，Not a father and son、Junchen、couple、Failure to say it one after another，Therefore, above and below。"This formal interpretation of the three talents，The so -called heaven，The trajectory of Tianxian and other celestial phenomena such as the sun and the moon is not enough to say，Therefore, it can be expressed in the concept of yin and yang; so -called authentic，water、Fire、Gold、Earth、The five lines of wood are not enough to say，Therefore, it can be displayed softly; so -called humanitarian，Father and son、Junchen、couple、It is not enough to sum up，Therefore, summarize above，Refers to Renlun。

"Went" article specifically proposed the concept of "Jun Tao"，This is a place where it is different from the word "Yi Chuan".，Its cloud: "Also (yes) monarchy，Following features、Six Mansion is not enough to say it，Five Zheng is not enough to give birth，Poetry and Books and Music [Read] Bai Bian (Duan)，It is difficult to extend。"About" Six Follows and Six Houses "，Division of pre -Qin classics。What is the "facial features"? "Book of Rites · Qu Li Xia" cloud: "The facial features of the emperor，Situ、Sima、Sikong、Si Shi、Si Kou，Dian Di Wuzhong。"This" facial features "refers to the chief of various types of government affairs。"Zuo Zhuan" Zhaogong's 29th year record: "Therefore, there are five elements officials，It is a facial features ... Mu Zheng said sentence mang，Huo Zheng said Zhu Rong，Kim Zheng Yue 蓐 蓐，Shui Zheng said Xuanming，Tuzheng said back soil。""。What is the "Six House"? "Book of Rites · Qu Li" Yun: "Six Mansion of the Emperor，Si Tu、Simu、Si Shui、Si Cao、Divinee、Division，Dian Division Six Division。"This" Six House "refers bet365 live casino games to an institution in charge of various wealth funds。"Zuo Zhuan" Wen Gong seven years record "water、Fire、Gold、wood、Earth、Valley Six Mansion "，Also from the perspective of the five elements，Five Elements plus valley is "Six Mansion"。The so -called facial features、Liufu and Wuzheng，All are government agencies，Jun Dao can be expanded for this。

Visible，"Yao" stated "Yi Dao"，In fact, it contains heaven、Authentic、The unified overall overall of humanity and monarchy，From this we can see that Yidao is broad。

　　(Author Unit: National College of Renmin University of China)