Although bet365 mobile and etiquette in the Spring and Autumn Period have similarities，But there are differences。Social changes in the late Spring and Autumn Period are manifested in the ideological field as the transformation from "Mingde" to "Knowing propriety"，Concretely embodied as bet365 mobile、The evolution of the connotation of etiquette、The ebb and flow of categories and the transformation of relationships。The changes in bet365 mobile and etiquette are a clear manifestation of the evolution of ideology and culture at that time，Also economic、A reflection of the great changes in the political field，It is of great significance for us to re-understand the social changes in the late Spring and Autumn Period。

About the original meaning of "bet365 mobile"，Academic circles mostly define it as "morality" or "gain"，But such statements have no meaning。Tao Xisheng believes that bet365 mobile is "the norm observed by the clan society since the ancestors"；Children's book industry interprets "bet365 mobile" as "clan custom"；Li Zehou believes that "morality" refers to unwritten laws such as "social norms" and "customs"。The theory of three，Available from。The "bet365 mobile" from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period was very mixed，Contains specific external etiquette、Clan customary law (a kind of patriarchal and religious color、Early etiquette that is not yet systematically standardized) and internal norms。The Yi inscriptions of this period contain: "Pi showed his civil and military affairs，The emperor is disgusted with Juude，I have weeks to match，The Emperor’s Ancestor Examination of the Great Mate” and “Miao Shuai Type”，Bing Mingde" "Dare to be handsome and handsome"，Being virtuous and orderly”。King Wen、King Wu’s bet365 mobile originates from heaven，Later Zhou Wang Chengzhi；Serve the royal family、Those who work hard for the Zhou state will be awarded titles and titles，This kind of behavior is in line with clan norms，This is the "bet365 mobile" of nobility。The virtues of ancestors can be spread、Published，Giving to descendants，Later generations of nobles imitated their ancestors to inherit the "ancestral virtues"，Become a person of "morality"。Western Zhou DynastyZhong Hu's inscription "僃三生"、Yide、Ten thousand years" and "I seek bet365 mobile" in "Poetry·Shimai" illustrate the meaning of "seeking bet365 mobile" (匃，The importance of prayer。At that time，The King of Zhou inherited the virtues of the Emperor、All nobles need to pray for "Xingzu Mingde"，Morality is not the consciousness and emotion arising from the individual’s heart，But external behavioral norms or customs that are closely related to politics。

Late Spring and Autumn Period，With the enhancement of personal consciousness，People do not need to imitate their ancestors to seek bet365 mobile，Personal bet365 mobile can be achieved through hard work，This is "cultivation of bet365 mobile"，The so-called "cultivation of bet365 mobile and then success"。The owner of Wangsun Gaozhong in the late Spring and Autumn Period said to himself: "I am not afraid of anything but not bad，Benefit from Zhengde，Concerned about dignity，Wen Gongshu Yun。”Wang Sungao believed that he acted fearlessly and without error，And consider himself a politically virtuous person，Emphasis on being gentle and respectful、Take your time；Cai Hou Zhongming said that "it is both wise and intelligent，The bet365 mobile of birth”，Means "knowing in the heart，Advocating justice、Show bet365 mobile”，The word "bet365 mobile" comes from the language，Changes in font，It will be reflected in the meaning or concept，Explain the relationship between this "bet365 mobile" and the heart of speech。Although the above-mentioned "bet365 mobile" still belongs to the nobility，Has strong political meaning，But personalized、Ethical trend。To Confucius，The "bet365 mobile" he said of "a gentleman embraces bet365 mobile", "does not cultivate bet365 mobile" and "repays bet365 mobile with bet365 mobile" has been completely transformed into ethical bet365 mobile。

"Shuowen · Toyobu" interprets Toyo as a "ceremony instrument"，Wu Guowei said: "The abundance of jade is called a tool used to worship gods and men."，The things that are done by gods and men are generally called rituals。”Knowable，The original meaning of "ritual" was limited to offering sacrifices。The word "ritual" has not been found in the Spring and Autumn bronze inscriptions of the Western Zhou Dynasty，A total of 28 articles in "Jinwen Shangshu"，The word "德" appears 113 times，“Li” appears 7 times，And the chapters involved are mostly composed of post-Confucianism。Xu Fuguan "The concept of etiquette sprouted in the early Zhou Dynasty，Notable during the Western Weekend，The saying "popular in the Spring and Autumn Period" is very true。So the word "bet365 mobile" refers to early etiquette。Early and mid-Spring and Autumn Period，“Li” gradually includes sacrifices、Drinking banquet、Military and other fields，But it is more of a ritual，Like "Being polite"，The Lord will choose it” (Eleventh Year of Yin Gong)、"Cao Renzhixiu，Li Ye" (the 14th year of Duke Huan)、"Government in the temple，Rites” (Eighth Years of Duke Zhuang)。At the same time，The ceremony also shows the "name"、Characteristics of "differentiating between high and low": "If the etiquette is not done well, you will be dizzy" (Eleventh Year of Duke Xi)、“No distinction can be called etiquette” (the 22nd year of Duke Xi)。Late Spring and Autumn Period，The connotation of "ritual" also includes governance，As "Zuo Zhuan" says: "Etiquette，via country，Ding Sheji，Xu Minren，Those who benefit heirs” (the eleventh year of Yin Gong)。Expansion of the connotation of etiquette，Leading to the emergence of the distinction between "ritual" and "ceremony"。Jin Pinggong called Lu Zhaogong "good at etiquette"，Nv Shu Qi thinks that Mr. Lu knows "etiquette" but not "propriety"，“Rites protect the country，Execute his decree，No one has lost his people" (the fifth year of Zhaogong)。Zhao Jianzi asked Uncle Zi about the etiquette of yielding and dealing with others，Uncle Zi called this "yi" instead of "ritual"，Combined with "Etiquette"，The Chronicle of Shang and Xia，The latitude and longitude of heaven and earth” (the 25th year of Zhaogong)。“Li” is born from sacrifice，Later developed into an etiquette showing equal differences，The emergence of the distinction between "ritual" and "ceremony" is also explained from the side，People in the late Spring and Autumn Period had a new definition of the meaning of "ritual"，The original "ritual" (ceremony) is no longer the core of "ritual"，The scope of the new "ritual" has encompassed the principles of heaven and earth，Jingguoxumin、The difference between superiority and inferiority has become an important connotation of "ritual"。

Early and middle Spring and Autumn Period，There is a parallel phenomenon of virtues and etiquette: "recruit with etiquette"，Huaiyuan Yide，bet365 mobile and etiquette are not easy” (the seventh year of Duke Xi)、“It is not easy to perform moral, criminal and political ceremonies” (the twelfth year of Xuangong)；There are also those who are virtuous in etiquette: "Cheng etiquette and righteousness，The principles of bet365 mobile" ("Guoyu·Zhou Yu")、"Rites and Music，The principles of bet365 mobile" (the 27th year of Duke Xi)，That is, etiquette and music are normative virtues。Mid Spring and Autumn Period，People at that time believed that "giving" is the foundation of "morality"，"Be humble，The foundation of bet365 mobile” (Year Wen Gong)，At the later stage，“Rang” has become the backbone of “ritual”，"Let，The Lord of Rites" (13th year of Duke Xiang)、"Be humble，The Zong of Li” (the second year of Zhaogong)。Discuss this，In the late Spring and Autumn Period, "ritual" also became the basis of "bet365 mobile"，Confucius’ “Rituals”，The foundation of bet365 mobile" ("Book of Changes·Xici") can prove it。Condescension embodies order and dignity，And this is also the core of etiquette。“Jia De is enough to comply with etiquette” (9th year of Duke Xiang) shows that the important value of bet365 mobile in the late Spring and Autumn Period lies in whether it complies with etiquette，The so-called "courtesy from above to below" can be called "Yi De"、Being rude from top to bottom can be described as “faint bet365 mobile” (13th year of Duke Xiang)。Confucius "Tao is based on bet365 mobile，The political view of "equalize all with courtesy" also shows that the operation of bet365 mobile needs to be guaranteed by courtesy。The rulers of the early Zhou Dynasty implemented the enfeoffment system、Patriarchal system，Relying on clan customary laws to maintain rule，That is, "Government by bet365 mobile"。

In short，Although the "ritual" in the early and middle Spring and Autumn Period can exist independently，But it is still a subheading of Germany，De has not lost its external etiquette and customs。Since the middle of Spring and Autumn Period，The inadequacy of "Government by bet365 mobile" in maintaining patriarchal clan has become apparent，The concept of etiquette gradually began to replace the customary law referred to by bet365 mobile、Norms and other connotations (external aspects of morality)，And more standardized、Systematization、Arithmetic。Late Spring and Autumn Period，bet365 mobile gradually evolved into the meaning of "morality"，And gradually become attached to etiquette and play its role。

Patriarchal system、Feudalism is the basis for the existence of moral government。Late Spring and Autumn Period，With the emergence of new production methods and emerging authoritarian classes，The replacement between the old and new patriarchal systems and autocratic systems is inevitable。Therefore，Great changes in the economic and political fields are the root cause of the changes in Deli，Mainly manifested as the public-private dispute between the official family and the noble family，That is, the battle between the old and new classes。Qi Jinggong and Yan Zi discuss politics，Jinggong emphasizes "being in bet365 mobile"，Yanzi emphasized "being in ceremony"。Jiang Qinai’s royal family enfeoffed，It is a product of the old clan order，The old scene is public and moral，At that time, the Tian family relied on the fiefdom it occupied，Cultivation of private power，Expand the public，Weakening the Office。In view of this，Yanzi advocated "rule by etiquette" to maintain the authority of the king、Save the Office，But the office represented by Jinggong is the old system、Representative of the old forces，It is impossible to fundamentally destroy the patriarchal system，Under the patriarchal system on the verge of collapse，Jing Gong has no bet365 mobile，Neither can restore "virtuous government"，It is impossible to truly "rejuvenate the country with etiquette"，On the other hand, the emerging Chen family has achieved "ruling the people with etiquette"。With the land、Population decrease，The office is declining，After the decline of other Qing clans，Qi finally fell into the hands of the Chen family。Lu、This is also the reason for the decline of the Jin Dynasty。

Late Spring and Autumn Period，The patriarchal political structure further collapses，The moral concept system that has lasted for hundreds of years has also been continuously deconstructed，And it is difficult to adapt to the development needs of political economy。“bet365 mobile softens China，Punishment to threaten the barbarians" is originally the main policy of Zhuxia's governance，Governed by clan norms，Deterrence by external punishment。With the continuous development of society，bet365 mobile gradually becomes internalized (spiritual level)，And etiquette gradually takes over its external aspect (institutional norms)，And go deep into various fields of society。Zhu Xia also increasingly resorted to coercive politics and law when dealing with internal affairs，Etiquette as a political and institutional norm is favored by rulers。"There is a long way to go，The emergence of the concept of "humanity is near" and "respect ghosts and gods and keep them at a distance"，Meaning that humanistic rationality begins to gradually replace theology。Facing the challenges brought about by social changes，Patriarchal、Religious "morality" can no longer restrain the emerging authoritarian class，The emergence of etiquette is consistent with the solidification of nobility or the legalization of class dictatorship。Social changes have promoted changes in morality and etiquette，People began to move from the past virtuous to the wise，The model of Jingguoxumin has been transformed from "Government by bet365 mobile" to "Government by etiquette"。This means that the clan and religious colors in society are gradually fading away，And showing authoritarian characteristics，It also heralds the gradual arrival of the era of rationality。

(Author’s unit: Chinese Academy of Renmin University of bet365 mobile)