Few on environmental issues with Marx，Engels has a lot of direct considerations on environmental problems，His point contains more、Factors that are easier to combine with environmental problems。

　　bet365 Play online games

Due to the theoretical division of labor with Marx，Engels did not give up the attention of social issues，But he pays more attention to nature。It is Engels that clearly uses "changes in nature caused by man" as the closest foundation of human thinking，thus ending the history of nature and thinking opposite。Different from Marx's emphasis on the distinction between man and nature，Engels focuses more on people's connection with nature，Emphasize "We are with our meat、Blood and mind belong to nature and exist in nature.，Any about spiritual and material、Human and Nature、The opposition between the soul and the body is "ridiculous、Anti -Natural Perspective "。This is the inherent ideological basis that Engels proposed a natural revenge。

When it comes to human beings changes nature and dominate nature，Engels reminds us "Don't get too much into the victory of our human beings to nature。For each such victory，Nature revenge on us。Every victory，At first, we did get the results of our expected results，But after and afterwards, it happened Bet365 app download completely different、Anyumous influence，I often eliminate the original results。Mesopotamia、Greece、Little Asia Minor and residents from other places，To get cultivated land，Destroy the forest，But they never dreamed，These places have become a boring place today，​​Because they lost these places, they lost the forest，It also lost the accumulation center and storage library of water。Italians of the Alps，When they use the forests that have been carefully protected on the north slope of the mountains on the south slope of the mountain slope，No prediction，This is here，They destroyed the foundation of the alpine animal husbandry in the region; they did not expect，They do this，actually exhausted Shanquan in most of the year，At the same time, the more fierce flood pour on the rainy season to the plain。People who promote potato in Europe，I don't know if they promote this powder -containing stem, it also spreads the dissemination of the sturgeon "。This passage of Engels contains a strong ecological meaning，Warning people must "understand and use natural laws correctly"，While making your behavior in line with objective laws，"Control those far caused by the far caused by our common production behaviors"。The consequences of human practice activities are dual，The positive aspect lies in the sexual changes of natural combination，The negative aspect lies in the destruction of the ecology and the profound impact it produced。Compared bet365 live casino games with positive aspects，Engels pays more attention to negative aspects，Including the degeneration of the natural environment，Destruction of the production and living environment，Even the emergence and spread of the disease is also within his vision。

　　The root cause and solution of environmental problems from the way of thinking

Engels's analysis of the two thinking methods of dialectics and metaphysics generates and develops characteristics.，Not only the discussion of the cause of environmental problems，It also includes thinking about environmental problems。

Engels first analyzed the process of metaphysical thinking methods and its destruction of nature。According to the ancient Greek philosophy world view that has already existed，Naturally, it is regarded as "a picture that is intertwined by all kinds of connections and interactions"。The ancient Greeks observe naturally，but ignored all details。To know these details，Naturally decomposed into each part，Various natural processes and natural objects are divided into certain door categories，Study on the inside of the organic body according to its various anatomical forms。This approach makes the understanding of nature while gaining great progress，"Also left a habit for us: isolate all kinds of natural objects and natural processes，Leaving aside the grand overall connection to investigate; therefore，It is not from the state of exercise，Instead of inspecting from a state of static; not to think of them Bet365 lotto review as things that are essentially changing，Instead, it is regarded as a fixed -constant thing; it is not a state of life，Instead of inspecting from the state of death。This method of inspection was transplanted from natural sciences into philosophy by Bacon and Locke，It has caused the limitations unique to the recent centuries，That is the way of thinking in school "。According to this thinking，Nature on the one hand is regarded as parts that can be decomposed and cut at will，so that the use of nature、Destruction becomes taken for granted。On the other hand，Nature is considered to be unchanged，"Everything today is exactly the same as the beginning，And until the end of the world or the eternal forever，Everything will still be exactly the same as from the beginning "。This way of thinking treats nature as an inexhaustible resource library，It is believed that the protection and resource -saving behavior of nature is redundant without meaning。

Contrary to this kind of hostile and natural metaphysical thinking method，According to Dialectics，"Everything in nature is in the final analysis, which is dialectical rather than metaphysics; the nature world does not follow a continuous repeated circle movement，but experienced real history "。Nature is in a common connection and continuous exercise、Change、Development，"Not only the entire Earth，And the surface of the earth and the plants and animals that survive on this surface，There are also time history "。Under Bet365 app download this dialectical thinking method，"All stiff things are dissolved，All fixed things have dissipated，Everything that is treated as an eternal existence becomes a fleeting thing，The entire nature is proven to be moving in eternal flow and cycle "。Only perspective of persistence development，Talents as a part of nature may be differentiated from nature; only perspective of persistence in contact，Nature's restrictions on people and their activities can be reflected; only adherence to dialectical thinking，Nature can be considered an inseparable overall。Engels replaced the shape with dialectical thinking，Confrontation of reversing human and nature，Then cancel the habitual concept of destroying nature，Establishing the ecological thoughts of the unity and harmony between people and nature have positive significance。

　　Fundamental solution to environmental problems through institutional changes

Engels reminds people to be vigilant at the time of revenge，also proposed some specific solutions that help environmental problems。On the one hand，He asks people to learn more correctly to understand the laws of nature，Learn to understand "The more or far caused by the intervention of our practice of the nature of nature"，and control and adjust these effects according to this consequences。On the other hand，He pointed out that this adjustment is to be realized，Only knowing is not enough，Also "You need to produce our production bet365 Play online games method so far，and a complete change of our current social system with this production method "，The process of generating the production method because the capitalist production method only cares about profits，"Spanish plantators have burned forests on the hillside in Cuba，It is thought that the coffee tree that is the most profitable as a fertilizer is used in a generation for a long time，As for the tropical pouring rain in the future, it was destroyed without protective fertile soil, leaving only naked rocks，What are the relevant to them? "In fact，It is this distant consequences of "seemingly irrelevant"，As a result, the ecological crisis that spreads the world today，As a result, the ecological crisis that spreads the world today。

Due to the natural and environmental protection of nature and environmental protection，Because Engels mainly examines the relationship between the two from the perspective of nature and unified thinking，His natural concept contains rich ecological meaning，Thinking about the causes of environmental problems，Thinking about the causes of environmental problems，It can provide a solid foundation for the construction of socialist ecological civilization in my country。

　(Author Unit: School of Philosophy and Social Development of Shandong University)