Zhou Dunyi’s significant contribution in the history of the development of Confucianism,Mainly because he pioneered the ideological approach of expressing the Confucian philosophy of bet365 sign up offer from the ontological dimension,Laid the ontological foundation for the subsequent transmission of Confucian philosophy of bet365 sign up offer。After the Han Dynasty,Because of Buddha、The impact of learning from the old,The Confucian philosophy of mind and principles has long been obscured,Until Zhou Dunyi used Tai Chi psychology to analyze the foundation of human nature,Confucianism, the philosophy of bet365 sign up offer, can be obtained from Buddhism、Theoretical Balance of Power of Old Confrontation。Because Zhou Dunyi mainly elucidated the meaning of bet365 sign up offer from a moral perspective,Therefore, his thoughts also show distinctive bioethical characteristics。Zhou Dunyi’s ethical reflections on bet365 sign up offer issues,Although the words are simple,Profound moral principles,Not only more fully embodies the spiritual purport of Confucian bioethics,It also enhances the realm of bet365 sign up offer of Confucianism。
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In "Tai Chi Pictures",Zhou Dunyi Kaiyuan Liben,Clearly explains the fundamental basis and source of value of Confucianism’s philosophy of mind, body, and bet365 sign up offer,Thus providing a complete set of ethical ontology for Confucian ethics constructed around bet365 sign up offer。Zhou Dunyi’s ontology of the universe,Based on the Yin and Yang theory of Tai Chi in "Yi Zhuan",Also borrowing the Taoist term "Wuji",A mix of Five Elements Theory,Relatively clearly explains the driving force behind the origin of all things、The structure and generation process of the universe。"Tai Chi Illustration" says: "Wu Chi and Tai Chi。Tai Chi moves and generates Yang,Very dynamic yet still,Quiet and Yin-generating,Static pole resumes action,One movement and one silence,Mutual roots,Divide Yin into Yang,Liangyi Liyan。Yang changes to Yin combination,生水、Fire、Wood、Gold、Soil,Five Qi Shunbu,The movement of the four seasons...the truth of Wuji,The Essence of Two and Five,Wonderfully combined and condensed,Successful man,Kun Dao becomes a woman。The two qi are in harmony,Transform into all things,All things are born,The changes are endless。”
In other words,Tai Chi Ben Wu Ji,It is the ontology of metaphysical transcendence,There is Yin and Yang in Tai Chi movement and stillness,The two instruments are further transformed into the five elements,The sympathetic movement of two qi and five elements,So all things come into being。Human beings are also based on Tai Chi Yin and Yang,The so-called "become a man by doing things",Kun Dao becomes a woman",“Only people are the most spiritual because of their beauty”。Therefore,Human bet365 sign up offer is increasingly at the center of the universe,Thus establishing the special status of human beings in the universe。People and all things,We are all born from the same body,Have a common origin。Old friend、Everything has its fundamental nature。The so-called great nature,That is, the nature of Tai Chi as the ontology of all things。The nature of Tai Chi,At Zhou Dunyi’s place,The essence is the nature of the Tao of Yin and Yang。
The word "Tai Chi",This is a concept in "Yi Zhuan","Yi Xici Biography" says: "Yi has Tai Chi,Sheng Liangyi,Two instruments produce four images,The Four Symbols Generate Bagua,Bagua determines good or bad luck,Good or bad luck brings great success。”But “Tai Chi” here is not an ontological concept,Pre-Qin Confucianism did not realize that Tai Chi was the basis for constructing its theoretical doctrines。From pre-Qin to Han Dynasty,Tai Chi is often regarded as the chaotic energy under the form。Zhou Dunyi gave Tai Chi a new meaning based on ontological consciousness for the first time,Combined with drawings and explanations to highlight its meaning in line with heavenly virtue。At Zhou Dunyi’s place,Tai Chi as Taoist body,It is the same concept as the ontology of the Tao of Heaven in Confucianism,Thus the Tao of Tai Chi,Essence is the way of heaven。Zhou Dunyi's "Tai Chi Pictures",Also known as "Yi Shuo",This is the development of the bet365 sign up offer philosophy of the Yi,Judging from his elucidation of the Tao of Tai Chi,The essence of Tai Chi is the Yin and Yang of the Yi。However,Zhou Dunyi focused on highlighting the ontological status of Tai Chi,The movement and changes of yin and yang are classified as metaphysical。For Zhou Dunyi,The Tao of Yin and Yang is inherent in Tai Chi,The reason why all things come into being and change endlessly,It is the result of the Yin and Yang mechanism inherent in Tai Chi。So,Zhou Dunyi’s Tai Chi Theory,In terms of its spiritual nature,It still embodies the "bet365 sign up offer and development" spirit of the philosophy of "Yi"。“bet365 sign up offer is called change。"Therefore Wang Yangming said: "The bet365 sign up offer of Tai Chi,That is, the birth of yin and yang。”However,Philosophical explanation of the principles of Tai Chi,Not Zhou Dunyi’s ultimate goal。The essence of Confucianism is to settle people's body and mind,As a great Confucian who consciously inherits the "Way of Sages",Zhou Dunyi constructs theory with ontological consciousness,Elucidate the origin of bet365 sign up offer,Intended to illustrate the value and meaning of human bet365 sign up offer,And try to find the right way and approach to perfect human bet365 sign up offer,Thereby improving the realm of human bet365 sign up offer。
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Although people and all things are derived from Tai Chi Yin and Yang,It can be said to be of the same origin and isomorphism,But the value of human bet365 sign up offer obviously has its own special features。Man is the most spiritual person who has the beauty of heaven and earth,Have a moral nature and existential mission that are different from all things。This determines the particularity of human bet365 sign up offer’s existence form and the special way to complete one’s bet365 sign up offer。Thinking about the special value of human bet365 sign up offer,In Zhou Dunyi, it is presented as the thought of "honesty builds the human pole",This idea was completed by using the concept of "sincerity" in "The Doctrine of the Mean" and combining it with benevolence and righteousness,Highlights the importance of benevolence and righteousness to the establishment of human beings。The so-called "defining it with justice, benevolence and righteousness and maintaining tranquility",The best way to establish a person”。But from the perspective of value,In Zhou Dunyi, sincerity appears as an ontological category,Sincerity constitutes the foundation for establishing the human pole、The source of value。So it is said: "Sincerity,The foundation of the saint”;Also: "Sincerity,The foundation of Wuchang,The source of hundreds of lines。”
Cheng is the same as Tai Chi,It also embodies the spirit of bet365 sign up offer。Sincerity is the essential attribute of heaven,So it is said: "Sincerity,Tiandaoye。”Zhou Dunyi not only defined the essence of Tai Chi with the principles of yin and yang,The origin of sincerity is also explained by the creative nature of yin and yang in the universe。"Tongshu·Cheng Part 1" says: "Great Qianyuan,The beginning of all things,The source of sincerity。Changes in main roads,Everyone lives his bet365 sign up offer,Chengsi Liyan。The pure and perfect one。So it is said: ‘One yin and one yang are called Tao,The successor is good,The nature of those who achieve success。’Yuanheng,Sincerity Pass;李贞,Sincerity’s reply。Great "Yi" is also,The source of bet365 sign up offer!”According to this,The popularity of Chengti,That is, the process of creation of yin and yang,Reflects the endless nature of one yin and one yang。Er Cheng’s nature,It is also the fundamental manifestation of his role as the "pure and perfect person"。Human nature is nothing more than the "continuation" and "achievement" of this "good bet365 sign up offer" nature。That’s why it’s said, “The one who follows is good,The nature of the person who achieves it”。But,Not everyone is born with the ability to fully "inherit" and "achieve" the character of sincerity。Because people are born with five sexual impulses, not all of them may have the right bet365 sign up offer,So it requires cultivation、Standardize to achieve true humanity and bet365 sign up offer。“Adult” and “sanctification” are a gradual process,Therefore, "renji" has a problem of "establishment"。Although "sincerity" opens the end of "human extreme",But we must establish the human pole,People must also use some form or method to reflect on themselves and be sincere,Thus becoming a truly capital person。To this,The specific method given by Zhou Dunyi is to "define it with justice, justice, justice"。
The original name of Zhou Dunyi's "Tai Chi Pictures" is "Yi Shuo",So what he calls "Zhongzheng" should come from Yili。In Yili,"Zhongzheng" means that the line is in the middle and in the right position,It is a "symbol of goodness"。Zhou Dunyi used this as a metaphor for people to follow the right path、Follow the right path。But if you want to be righteous, do it,The realistic approach is to act from benevolence and righteousness。In Zhou Dunyi’s opinion,By benevolence and justice,Just keep the middle path、Highlight the fundamentals of humanity,So it is said: "The way to establish a person,曰仁曰义。”Taking benevolence and righteousness as the foundation of humanity,It is the basic view of original Confucianism。But Zhou Dunyi did not stop there,But Jiang Ren、Yi is connected with the ways of “birth” and “achievement” of heaven and earth,So it is said: "生,Ren Ye;成,Yiye。”Benevolence is the vitality of all things in the universe,Inherent in every lively individual bet365 sign up offer,Thus a true benevolent person,I will not despise any living being that has the will to "live" for heaven and earth。The allusion of Zhou Dunyi not hoeing the grass in front of the window,It is the natural psychological reflection formed by the combination of Zhou Dunyi’s benevolence and nature’s virtue。And this kind of natural health、bet365 sign up offer-loving awareness,It is also the embodiment of a person’s benevolence。When a person realizes that his own bet365 sign up offer existence and the bet365 sign up offer existence of all things have the same identity of coexistence,The Confucian theory of "fraternity" has also received more profound ontological argument and support。So,Zhou Dunyi decided to use benevolence and righteousness to achieve justice、The idea of establishing human poles with sincerity,Not only reflected in his thinking on the nature and value characteristics of human bet365 sign up offer;What’s more important,He broke through the natural boundary between heaven and man,Enables human beings to gain a broader perspective in thinking about themselves,This provides a fundamental direction for human beings to think about their own destiny and improve their bet365 sign up offer realm。
Be bet365 sign up offer with Tao
Zhou Dunyi regards Tai Chi as the root of all things, including human beings,Connecting the ways of heaven and humanity with sincerity,Understanding the unity of human nature and the existence of all things,Already contains the Oneness of All Things、Understanding of the systematic bet365 sign up offer of symbiosis between man and nature。Everything has the same origin,All come from the transformation of Tai Chi Yin and Yang,So all things have different shapes,But on the great plains,All have the same nature of bet365 sign up offer;And because all things come from the same body,Being in the interconnected bet365 sign up offer mechanism,Thus making the entire universe constitute the "you and me"、You are among me,A realm of bet365 sign up offer where we share weal and woe。The connection between man and all things determines that man’s bet365 sign up offer pursuit and realm improvement must be examined in the context of the universe as a whole。Therefore,Formed Zhou Dunyi’s unique theory of bet365 sign up offer realm。In "Tongshu·Yanzi Pian",Zhou Dunyi expressed his basic understanding of the realm of bet365 sign up offer through the joy of Yan Zi。“Yan Zi,A basket of food,One scoop,In the back alley,People are overwhelmed with worries,without changing the joy。Husband is rich and noble,People love it,Yan Zi doesn’t love or seek,Happy to the poor,What’s the point of being alone?There is something precious and precious in heaven and earth that can be sought after but nothing like that,See how big it is and forget how small it is!Seeing its greatness makes you feel at ease,If the heart is strong, there will be no shortcomings,Without any shortcomings, wealth is one of the qualities of poverty。One of the places,Then it can be unified,The former Yan Ziyasheng。”
There is someone most precious and beloved in heaven and earth who can be sought after,That is, "Tao" and "De"。Zhou Dunyi said: "Between heaven and earth,The Way of the Supreme Being,The most noble person is just virtue。”The gentleman and the Tao are one,Fill yourself with virtue,So there is one with heaven and earth、The joy of common prosperity for all。“A gentleman regards Dao as his most precious thing,Safety and wealth,Therefore, Chang Tai has no shortcomings。”The so-called “Tao”,That is the way of bet365 sign up offer of all things;The so-called "virtue",That is, the bet365 sign up offer belief that the human body understands the virtues of heaven and earth and internalizes it in the heart。So,In Zhou Dunyi’s opinion,Yan Zi’s happiness comes from Yan Hui’s realization of the essence of bet365 sign up offer and the goal of moral realm,It is the happiness of bet365 sign up offer obtained in the process of pursuing unity with Tao。This kind of happiness is just like what Cheng Yi said,It is not the joy of pursuing Tao as an external intellectual object,But the joy of spiritually becoming one with the Tao,That is, the peaceful joy that comes from the natural state of mind where individual bet365 sign up offer and the bet365 sign up offer of the universe are integrated and unified,It has Zhaona Universe、The magnificent atmosphere that nourishes all things,So it transcends the gains and losses of individual circumstances。Anyway,All things are born,Human beings and all things coexist together,Shared destiny。Once a person has this understanding of spiritual and bet365 sign up offer realm,In treating all things in nature,It is bound to have a greater sense of responsibility and mission as Counselor Tiandi Huayu。
(This article is a phased result bet365 sign up offer National Social Science Fund Project "Research on Confucian Bioethical Thoughts in Song Dynasty" (17BZX099)
(Author’s affiliation: School of bet365 sign up offer, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law)
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