Chen Xianda Philosophy Essay
November 01, 2022 09:37 Source: "China Social Sciences", November 1, 2022, Issue 2520, Issue 2520

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The role of philosophy is universal,Researchers in each discipline should learn some philosophy。Any discipline is a special object of research,Its knowledge belongs to specialized knowledge。Any knowledge, want to stay at the level of experience and reach the height of the theory,It is inseparable from philosophy,Not only in the sense of methodology is inseparable from philosophy,and the understanding of the object is inseparable from philosophy。

Each science researcher must determine,Objective object that the object you studies is,Or self -projection? Scientific research work is inseparable from the basic line of philosophy,The problem of starting from the actual object or from the subject;,Is the conclusion of scientific research correctly? Is there a measure?,We don't need philosophy,We value facts,Pay attention to empirical。We are empiricalists rather than abstract speculators。This statement seems to be reasonable,It is actually a big fallacy。Of course, scientific research must focus on facts,Remedial evidence,What is the facts? Emphasis is hearing to see、Returning phenomenon,Still heavy rules、Heavy essence? This will enter the field of philosophy。If the object depends on the subject,So is there any fact? What does it mean to attach importance to evidence?,The sensory produces sensory,It is manifested as a phenomenon in consciousness。This has a philosophical problem,Is it reliable by the eyes? Is hearing reliable?,Will you feel different about the same object? Why is the same ears,Will you feel different about the concert? Why do you just turn a blind eye with the facial features,Listen to,Eat without knowing it? Sensole is a acceptor,Close eyes and listen to the world.,You can only use your ears and not know the world,Can't explain the world。No scientific research in the world is not required for rational thinking。No rational participation,​​Human ears are just the function of animals。

The painter said,I just paint,It has nothing to do with philosophy; the sculptor said,I am a sculpture,It has nothing to do with Bet365 app download philosophy。It can pursue beauty at different art departments。So,What is beauty? This is a question of philosophy。Why does art have different genres,Why do different artistic styles generate in different times? This is the issue of art philosophy。History cannot be separated from people and things,Key history is not just a person、Notepad,It is necessary to solve the problem of whether the people and things they record in history。Is there any facts in history? Can historical writing reach historical truth,Or is it just literary creation? This is the problem of historical philosophy。As for the analysis of why such people appear in history、Such things,Analysis of historical conditions and historical causality must be performed。This is also a problem with historical philosophy。Enter the explanation,It is bound to enter philosophical analysis。

For people's life,,Philosophy is especially important。People want to settle,You have to have a home,This home,Say a little,I have to have a house,Otherwise, it will be the streets of stray,homelessness; a little deeper,There must be a family,No family is lonely zero。But the "An body" in the philosophy of settlement,Not simply refers to a material family,The body mentioned here is the body that is inseparable from the heart,The place where the human heart is placed。Even if a person has a family,Good house,If the heart is always anxious and restless,Even if the house is better,It also makes the mind without peace。People want to settle down,I want to find a firm place for my heart。Zhuangzi -style settlement is natural,Anyn with encounter。Confucian differences,The Confucian is so -called peace and life is not to encounter and have great ambitions; cultivate yourself,Mind happiness for the people of the world。Zhang Zai's "Standing for Heaven and Earth、Standing for the people、For the sanctuary、The "Four Sentence Teachers" for the Pacific Pacific ",can be described as Confucianism's life -oriented learning。Self -body and life are inseparable。Non -Noburthine,Uncomfortable,The soul is in a wandering state,How to talk about body。To be safe,Must stand first,That is to place your mind。A person full of troubles and anxiety cannot escape the trouble even if he runs to the Bet365 app download farthest place,No place where you have any place。

As far as people survive,You need to have a home,Not only must there be a secular family and family,It is necessary to have a common family, that is, the motherland。Personal、Home、The country is inseparable。It is unfortunate、Pain。Anti -Japanese War period,Many people, especially in exile students in the Northeast, heard someone sing "My Home,On the Songhua River in the northeast ",I will tears full of face。Some people think that settlement is just a problem with personal cultivation and nourishment,This is a great mistake。Settlement,Of course it is inseparable from personal cultivation,But unparalleled people cannot really find the place where he lives up。A person who does not love home or patriotic,Don't talk about your life。Even if a monk is a monk for a monk,Can't have no country,No patriotism。

We should distinguish the meaning of life and the meaning of life。The meaning of human life lies in it is life,Its birth and existence for yourself、Personal relationship with parents and relatives。Love life,Treasure Life,It is to treasure your existence and the role you can play。Longevity is the willingness of everyone,No one wants to die prematurely。Chinese always want to enjoy the year of heaven,The highest life of people naturally gives people naturally。Schopenhauer said,People all over the world are used to wishing longevity,But this does not mean that I know the meaning of life,Instead, more nature from humans,Ask for acting。But,From the meaning and value of life,Life length is not standard。People who contribute to humans,Although the people who sacrificed for the country died early,But people will not forget him。On the contrary,Even longevity,Freshly mediocre,Just live a longer life。Novel novels are not necessarily more exciting than short stories。Therefore,The significance of life cannot only be alive,It is not meaningful as long as it is alive。The meaning of life must be transformed into the meaning of life,That is how to spend in your life。

Flom said in "The Art of Love",Life itself does not have any meaning exist,Unless humans use their own strength to give life meaning。This is the right。The meaning and value of life is not the natural bet365 Play online games attribute of life。The birth of a person does not bring meaning and value,and only bring the functions of life and life。The significance and value of life is yet to be created by others。Therefore,Also people,The meaning and value of their lives is not the same。Hu Shi said in a similar thing in "Answers": "The meaning of life is all found out,Created: Noble,Elimination,Qinggui,Dirty,Useful,useless ... All rely on your own actions。Life itself is just a fact of biology,What is the meaning of? Born alone and a cat,One dog,What is the difference? The meaning of life is not how to live a lifetime,and how you live。"Everyone has life,But the heat and light emitted when everyone’s life is burned is the same。

  Let's talk about wisdom and communication

Philosophy has ethnicity,But philosophy is the same as wisdom,Because wisdom surpasses national borders、Beyond the nation,It is the common wealth of human beings。Please pay attention,I am talking about wisdom,Not the philosophical system。Philosophy System,Both wisdom,There are also non -wisdom,Only belongs to the times or individuals,or only political related。For example,Hegel's philosophy contains wisdom,His point of development,Views on the overallness of things,About contradictions,Views on quantitative changes and qualitative changes,The point of view of negating dialectics,perspective on alienation, etc.,All contain wisdom,But he is dominated by the world from absolute concept,About the realization of Prussia's absolute concept,is to defend the decaying and backward Prussian dynasty,Obviously right and non -philosophy、Non -wise。

Philosophy may have the characteristics of class, nationality and even philosophers,But the wisdom contained in it is similar。Research Philosophy,Pay attention to distinguish the philosophical wisdom contained in it and the things that belong to only individuals。I think the wisdom contained in the national proverbs of the world's nationals is the same,Because the proverb is a summary of people's life experience。For example,The earliest poetry collection "Book of Songs · Xiaoya" in China,"Highlights,Should be cautious,Ruoshi ice ",Use "Ru Sanbing" to teach people,Special big things to do things,Should be cautious、It should bet365 best casino games be like stepping on the river and crossing the river。This kind of oriental wisdom,In fact, there is also the West,American philosopher Emerson said,Speed ​​is safe ",Speed ​​is safe ",Two principles。Because of the basis of this wisdom,It is life experience,Is the physical characteristics of ice。The physical characteristics of ice, that is, limited load -bearing capacity,The whole world is the same。People’s practical experience and daily life have proved this,Therefore, the sublimation of philosophy must be similar。

Value is the same。The commonality of human life due to life experience,It can have a common recognition value。But the values ​​are different,No common values。We criticize "universal value",Not critical value itself,but because the West described its values ​​as universal,Precestional universal values ​​with universal values。We don’t oppose peace、Development、Fair、Justice、Democratic、Freedom,These are the common value of all human beings,We just oppose the West and put it about fairness、Justice、Democratic、The interpretation of the value of freedom equivalent is determined to be universal。When the West confirms the interpretation of the common value of all mankind as universal,This universal nature is hypocritical,It is impossible to be accepted。Because accepting this universal value,It means to accept Western explanations that are common value for all human beings,Accept the political system of Western design、Social Model and Development Road。Some scholars now advocate that China will return to the common path of human beings,This is another implicit expression that advocates the universal value of the West。From the perspective of Marxism,The common path of the world is to move towards communism,The statement of traditional Chinese philosophy is to go to Datong,According to Western scholars, it is to go to democracy、Freedom、Human Rights、rule of law。But,Anyone should understand democracy、Freedom、Human Rights、The rule of law is not an independent value,but a society in politics、Features in the legal system,It does not have independence,Instead of depending on the specific social system。Value is created by people,Not bet365 Play online games nature。Natural called quality,instead of value。A piece of jade ore is just a stone,Only after polishing can it become jade。

Delivery,Shoes should be kicked,This is life experience,Once it rises to philosophy, it becomes a philosophical reason。Psychologist Jung said,Shoes with a person who feels like your feet will pain in the feet of another person,The living prescription suitable for all diseases does not exist。The Communist Party of China has also been emphasized,The living prescription suitable for all diseases does not exist,It is not the only mode for all developing countries to develop,We don’t want to push it to the world。Of course,The experience contained in it can also be used for reference、Learn,But whether it is effective in the end, it must be combined with the national conditions of various countries。There is no unique development path for various countries,There is no unique prescription for governance of the country。Engels said,Wanling prescriptions that treat all diseases are scams。Marxism is not the prescription of Wanling,It must combine the actual situation of various countries,Use it flexibly。

  Wisdom exists in life

Do things according to laws,Double the effort; violation of laws,Anti -harm。"Huainanzi" says: "Therefore, the energy of any person,Not enough to cure three acres of houses; the number of reagents,Nature of the Heaven and Earth,If the sixth is not enough。It is the decision of the old Yu,Due to water as a teacher;,Because Miao thinks teaching。"" guidance,You can control the world with one person; violate the law,Although the power of everyone,Still unable to succeed。Governance Nature,Governance Country,Governance society,All should follow the rules。Just like a cart,If the wheels are square,It won't work how strong it is,If it is a circle,then you can push away briskly。This is the simple truth。

Heroes make the current situation or the current situation creates hero,This is a question that argues in theory,But if you want it,,It is easy to answer: "Husband and saint,When you can't give birth,time to the way to lose。"The sage can not create the timing,but can lose time。One person,Being out of time,It can be done。Machine must not lose,Stop it Bet365 lotto review again。There is no revolutionary situation,No one can promote the revolution,But if there is a situation, it is not。Jia Yi said in "Crossing the Qin",​​Compared with the power of the then vassal country's anti -Qin,Chen She's intelligence、Manpower、The status is not enough,However, Chen Xun's "fatigue of fatigue,Hundreds of people,Instead of attacking Qin,Cut wood as a soldier,Unveiled the pole as a flag,The world's gathered response,Winning food and watching Cong。Shandong Haojun Sui and Dead the Qin people "。Heye? "The momentum of benevolence does not exert and offensive and defensive"。

Position Qingyuan,is the way of cultivation,Force will only be counterproductive。"Today's husband and Confucian people do not have the reason for their desires,and forbid what they want;,Close its joy; it is the source of the rivers and rivers,and the obstacle is also。"The inner world of a person should not be trapped in the predicament of self -contradiction,"Can't win by yourself and strong, followers,This is a serious injury。A seriously injured person,Non -Life Category "。To solve the problem fundamentally,Must have the right worldview and outlook on life。To understand,"Boil with soup,Boiling is more than just,Knowing its original,Just go to the fire "。

 (The author is the Honorary First -level Professor of Renmin University of China)

Editor in charge: Zhang Jing
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