In recent years,The development and application of digital technology,Bring an explosive growth of digital productivity and consumer power。Economic basic changes brought by digital technology,A dialectically reaction to politics、rule of law、Culture、Philosophy and other upper -level buildings。but but,While digital technology empowers each field,We still have to be vigilant for its possible negative effects。Technical issues are fundamental problems,At the level of philosophy and science,One of the main factor that affects people's research and practice,It is its epistemology and attitude towards truth。
Like many technologies,Digital technology is also developed in the progress of mathematics and natural sciences。As Heidegger said,Modern technology is closely connected with natural science。The inner logic and philosophical position of natural science inevitably "stretch" to digital technology。It is generally considered,Modern natural science based on logicalism -based epistemology,Its important features are reflected in the view of truth。Is there the truth? Is the truth be sure、Universal and inevitable? The theory of logicism believes that there is absolute truth about the external world。Scientific philosophers who support this position often refuse to recognize,bet365 live casino games Feeling activities have cognitive value in the process of human understanding。
In the history of philosophy,Many philosophers are fans of this position。philosophers holding this view,Get used to consciously negative feelings,At the same time, avoid the danger of losing the world at the same time。They think,The process of human understanding the world is the process of perception,Perception is the relationship between the establishment of the soul and the world、The only channel for scientific knowledge about the world,Because consciousness is a logical thinking activity,This can make the world enter the logical space of human beings,Make humans be able to summarize、Dedicated reasoning ability generation knowledge。It feels that only physics exists in this process、Bio -receiving function,No logical participation。
Take vision as an example,Supporters of perception theory proof in the example of taking pictures。Assume that the same camera is used at the same position、Environment、Take pictures in the background,The photos taken by different people are the same,At least similar。Knowledge is like the scenery in the photo,No matter who shoots the scenery, it will not change。but,This example seems difficult to establish。Because,Take pictures at different times,The light intensity of entering the camera image sensor、Color mild contrast will show different scenery。More,The same scenery,Observer’s time、Space、Personality、Belief、Emotional、hobby、Knowledge bet365 Play online games background and other personal psychological factors,2849_2871。So,When facing the same photo,People will produce two different judgments: beauty and ugly。From this we know,This example can not only prove that perception is the only way to produce external truth,It also led us to two other important categories of challenging truth: subjectivity and historic。Under the influence of these two,The legal status of truth and its attributes is in danger。
To deny the feeling,philosophers who support perception also cited the research results of cognitive science as arguments。but,So far,The research results of most cognitive science are only established in special experimental conditions or environment,Unable to prove the common existence of relevant laws。This has led to many cognitive scientific views and positions that are controversial,Related data is also or of,Only scientific value in the statistical sense,It cannot guarantee the absolute objectivity of the data。Stephen Kosslyn and Zenon W. Pylyshyn about visual psychological image,Therefore, there is advancement and retreat。but,The fundamental problem of referring to the scientific achievements to defend the philosophy is,Philosophy is a prerequisite reflection on universal problems in a speculative way,is the experimental results and specific scientific knowledge beyond the specific field,Therefore, we should keep cautious attitude towards its demonstration benefits。
So,Do you feel that activities are like logicalist and perceptual epiderics.,bet365 best casino games Only producing sensory materials,instead of logical participation? the answer is negative。Through sensation,We can really not have knowledge about the world,But we get the knowledge about the world without feeling。First,As Kant said,"If there is no content, if there is no content, it will be empty,Intuition without concept is blind "。According to Kant's opinion,In the process we feel,Consciousness has participated in the form of concept or logic。And Wilfrid Sellars and Robert Brandom and other non -conceptual sensory materials content,Only in the stage where humans are obtained, it exists objectively,belonging to pure external phenomenon。When the phenomenon is felt by the human sensation organ feels,People have a conceptual "Shi Mei"。Feeling and perception also belong to the reason for the reason for logic,The two affect each other、Construction of each other,Joint knowledge about the subject of perception。Taking the visual sensation as an example,When people see an optical reflection image,This image is already conceptual existence,And other sensuality with people (hearing、Touch Acting、Smell、Taste, etc.) and psychological factors,Elementary judgment on the instant image。
but,Feeling content is often used in images、Feel、An unspeakable way exists,Among them, it contains the most delicate person to the world of phenomena、Exquisite restore,With distinctive private and uncertainty。These characteristics are after the start of the perception,Translated into language、symbol,and finally form a personal bet365 best casino games knowledge or silent knowledge。An argumentation of translation issues based on Willard Van Oreman Quine,The translation process of forming personal knowledge cannot avoid the meaning of the original at the beginning without being lost,So in the process of perception,The most primitive concept of the world has been destroyed,The concept of gradually clear is at the cost of sacrificing its integrity,Our knowledge about the world starts from here and incomplete。The important feature of digital technology is to use data to represent the world,This representation process is numbers to language、Coding and decoding of symbols,or the loss of meaning of further meaning。
Michael Polandi thinks,Personal knowledge formed after translation of perception process is the basis of scientific knowledge and scientific system。With the help of "Sharing Silent",Different personal knowledge of different feelings keeps discussing、Amendment and agreed to reach a consensus,Forms publicity、Universal public knowledge,Finally gradually evolved into natural science。Discussion、Modify、The agreed process is working hard to remove private factors,Also removes the original meaning of the unspeakable world obtained by human beings from sensory activities,This is also a process that the scientific community gives the subject and historic for knowledge。In "Make it clear",Brandon acknowledged the inheritance relationship between the knowledge between the individual and the subject。
So,Starting from the theory of ideas of feeling,bet365 live casino games can be found,The process of human knowledge about the world cannot get rid of the feeling。This determines that human knowledge about the world is essentially or stern,It is inevitable、OK、The general truth is often a special -name concept set by human beings (like Plato's "concept" concept,It is an idealistic human concept)。The huge progress brought by natural science to society,Let the view of logicism and its belief in the truth deeply rooted in people's hearts。But society built under such concepts,After all, it belongs to the "second nature" artificial society,Digital world built by digital technology,More danger to slip towards "third nature"。"First Nature" belonging to the laws of human and natural objective laws,There are risks that are prioritized to be prioritized by mainstream science and technology communities。but,People who live passively in the "Second Nature" and their social products (history、Culture、Philosophy and other content) Still running in accordance with their natural laws,Many modernity contradictions in modern society,It may be because these two "nature" rubbing each other when coexisting and cannot be reconciled。
Facing this contradiction,We must not just take the spearhead to the technology,Reflection of the truth behind the technology,Defending the "First Nature" rights of people and society。Philosophers should guide people (especially scientific and technical workers) to recognize the defects of the view of logic truth,Re -analyze the concept of truth,Grasp the nature of knowledge。To make logicist epistemology bet365 live casino games theory of regression perception theory,Let the essence of science and technology regression tool,Let "Second Nature" return to "First Nature",and re -examine and modify the operating logic and practical purpose of technology,Really let technology adapt to humans,instead of reversing。
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