1885，Engels wrote in the article "Regarding the History of the Communist Union": "It is definitely not a state restricting and deciding to decide the citizens，but the restrictions of the public society restrict and determine the country。"Past，We often position this judgment as the ideological state of the youth Marx 1843-1844，After completing the first materialist transformation。But，We ignored the previous sentence of Engels's assertion，That is, "In the" Yearbook of Germany and France "(1844)。That is to say，Engels believes that Marx proposed in the "Introduction to the Critical Critical of Hegel French" and "On the Jewish Issue".，Shin from idealism to materialism。If the assertion is accurate or not for the time being，So we need to think first: as a manuscript that has not been seen at the time of Engels，Marx's "The Critical Critical Critical Critical Criticism" of Marx explores the relationship between the public society and the country。What does Marx use here?

First，Is there a concept of "civic society" in "Critical Critical Critical Criticism"? This answer seems to be obvious，Of course, Marx used this concept。but，This problem is not so simple，Marx has a certain fuzzyness of the use of the concept of "civil society" in this manuscript。On the one hand，Marx does not necessarily use the concept of "civic society" to express the "civic society" in his mind。Because "Hegel French Critical Criticism" is a manuscript，instead of Marx compiled and published a book，Therefore, it is not particularly rigorous in terms of words。For example，Marx said, "Hegel proposed here a unsolvable two -law back against。On the one hand, external inevitability，On the other hand, the inner purpose。The general ultimate purpose of the country and the special interests that individuals should exist are unified。That is to say，Individual obligations to the country bet365 best casino games and the right of individuals are the same "。If you analyze this paragraph from the manuscript，Marx's criticism here is the unified relationship between the country and the individual，But if you combine Hegel's "Principles of Law Philosophy"，I will find that Hegel discusses the relationship between the country and the society and the public，Marx quietly converts "civic society" into "individual"，The "individual" here actually refers to personal rights。This concept is not rigorous.，But it just highlights Marx's subconscious knowledge framework。In his concept at this time，"Civil society" is actually composed of personal rights，From this to form the two rhythm of the country and the civil society that Marx believes,。The legal majors of Marx's undergraduate learning are still lingering in their minds，and Hegel's non -strict legal meaning "Principles of Legal Philosophy" provides Marx's intermediary from law to philosophy。On the other hand，Marx used more than one "social" concept in the manuscript。"Gesellschaft" and "”，The translation of Chinese in both Chinese is "society"。" used by Marx"" In 2005 in the German new word method in German in 2005, "”，This word is French foreign word，That is, "Society" in English vocabulary。Germany in the 18th and 19th centuries，It is mainly used in the aristocratic class and the description of the noble class，Even the academic group "Akademie", which was equivalent to the aristocratic academic group "Akademie"。Marx's use of this word in "Hegel French Philosophy Criticism" is not limited to noun，It also uses an adjective "social"，Even the confusing expression "Socialen Daseins" (Social set) of the words "Socialen Daseins"。So，How do Marx think of ""Social concept? Combined with Marx's concept context，We can see，Marx generally will be the word and "der Stand"、"Trennen" (trennen)、"Unterschieden"，Although it has a certain structuralness，But expressed the separation of the upper society and the civic society in the mouth of Marx。So，"DIE "" has a certain derogatory bet365 Play online games nature，must not be confused with the society in the society and historical materialism in the civic society and historical materialism。And Marx's directly use the concept of "society" in the meaning of civic society to use the usage in Hegel's "Principles of Law Philosophy"，"Gesellschaft"。"Bürgerliche Gesellschaft" appeared in the process of translation in Chinese translation，Ru Citizen Society、Society of producers、Bourgeois society。Using the internal development of Marx's thoughts to be based on，It should be translated as "civic society"。

2，Is there a "civic society" in "The Critical Critical Criticism in Hegel Fa"? Pointing above，Marx's spelling of the German concept of "civic society" follows the usage of the principles of "Philosophy of Law"，but，Marx continues to say on the basis of Hegel? When we put the "Critical Critical Critical Criticism" and "Principles of Law Philosophy"，It can be found that Hegel's discussion on family and civic society is in Section 158-256 of the Principles of Law Philosophy，and in the existing "Critical Critical Critical Critical Critical"，Marx is an excerpt from the "National" chapter of Section 261。For this question，Although it is not difficult to find from the existing manuscript，The first page of the existing manuscript is the "II" part marked by Marx，But according to the manuscript "Ⅱ", "III", "ⅳ" part of the space，It can be inferred that the loss of the lost "Ⅰ" part is also within 5 pages，It is impossible to explore the huge "Civil Society" chapter in the "Principles of Law Philosophy"，Therefore, there is a problem with the loss of the discussion manuscript of the "Civil Society" chapter by some scholars，I'm afraid it is difficult to establish。Corresponding to this point of view is，Marx said in the comments of Section 303 in "Hegel French Critical Criticism": "About this，We will continue to study in the chapter of the "Civil Society" later。"" Whether the research plan of the "Civic Society" chapter is realized regardless of the Marx said，Obviously what can be seen is，"Hegel French Philosophy Criticism" does not have an in -depth analysis of "civic society"。But，When we jump out bet365 best casino games of this concept to analyze the time of Marx's transcendence to citizens，But I will see the strong Hegel speculative color occupying Marx's mind。Marx thinks，In the reality of modern society，Civil society should replace feudal political countries and exist，Therefore, the "feudal country" and its system should be canceled and replaced by civic society。In his opinion，In modern German society, there are still residual components of the medieval feudal politics, that is, political state，Hegel describes the opposition between the public society and the political state as the opposition within the political country，In an attempt to incorporate the public society into the country's major system。How does Marx resolve this contradiction? What is logical logically with Hegel is: "Civil society is a real political society。"" "，Marx's try to resist feudal autocracy is to cancel political countries，The way to cancel the political state is to transcend the composition of the political state through the civic society in reality。Simply put，is to incorporate the factors that conform to modern society into the major system of civil society。Complete the Hegel -style system from the opposite side of Hegel，Is the reality of political and social logic -historical mission of civic society。

third，Is there a "civic society" in the sense of "economic foundation" in "Hegel French Critical Criticism"? first，From the reading notes of Marx，Marx has not systematically studied political economics at this time，Although Hegel's "civic society" is on the "need system" in Smith's economic context，But at this time Marx is difficult to grasp the meaning of its economic relationship。Next，From the use of Marx's use of this concept in "The Critical Criticism of Hegelfa"，Marx said: "He (Hegel) is talking about private rights and private happiness，That is, from the fields of family and civil society, from the relationship between the relationship between the country。"" "，Marx directly equates the family and citizens directly with private rights and private happiness，and the "private right" here does not refer to everyone’s rights，Instead, bet365 Play online games the individual rights of the civic society that are relative to the material interests obtained by the feudal royal power through accident。Although Marx mentioned the concept of private property in this manuscript，Even the private property as the pillar and foundation of the country，But the country mentioned here is not a country in the general sense，but refers to the feudal country。It can also be seen from the excerpts of "Croysna Note"，The concept of "property" used at this time is still at the level of abstract legal possession and real intuition。Last，Because Marx's legal "civic society" is a non -structured civic group's visual intuitive appearance，Although I learned from Ferbaha's words about "reversal"，But can he complete his materialism to Hegel? In "The Critical Critical Critical of Hegelfa"，Citizen society is composed of private interest，or a civic group，In this group，The natural basis of marriage、Social regulations of the contract、Property (in the sense of legal sense，In the process of non -production and exchange process), the basis for life to form a bond between citizens and citizens，Civil society is also based on this intuitive、The abstract foundation is based in Marx's heart。can be seen，This kind of civil society is a non -structural flat group，​​and Hegel not only describes the civic society itself, it is structural，And the implementation of the country's organization and political implementation，and the whole set of architectures of the two -way intermediary of the state and the public，Detailed design。Marx's attempt to complete a direct upside down through a flat civic group，The upside -up subject and the predicate do not constitute a peer relationship，"Country" directly with "citizen"，Can't complete the "national -civic society -family" system of Hegel's structured "National -Civil Society -Family" system，It is impossible to successfully use the upside -down method of Ferbaha materialism，It can only turn around in abstract legal power。So，Just as Marx's review in the preface of "Political Bet365 lotto review Economics Criticism": "Anatomy of civic society should be found in political economics"，In "The Manuscript of Economics of 1844"，The concept of "Civil Society" began to really surface。

Fourth，Is there a humanistic "civic society" in "Critical Critical Criticism in Hegel Fa"? At this time, Marx has begun to accept Ferbaha's humanistic materialism，Humanistic logic gradually occupies a dominant position in Marx's mind。but，At this time, the "civic society" in Marx's pen is not all of the human nature。From Marx's view，The political country in Germany at that time was the remnants of the feudal society，Principles that do not meet the real civic society。The first thing to do by the public society is to abandon the political state，Only after completing the (feudal) political state's transcendence and replacement，Civil society can become a real motivation and premise。Only on this basis，Marx's humanistic logic can officially appear。As Marx said: "Members of civic society get rid of his own level，Get rid of his real private status，Here，He himself appeared as a person's meaning。"" After getting rid of the historical factors of the political level，Non -structural civic society consists of private interest。In other words，That is the completion of the individualism in Marx's mouth。Private rights、Private interests constitute the motivation and premise of real life，This is consistent with the view that the "interests are better than the law" that the "interests are better than the majority of the votes" that the interests of Marx in the "Rhine"。But，Civil society beyond political countries is just the first step，More importantly, Marx proposed the logic of future civic society development。After completing the real revolutionary mission of "civic society"，Marx turned to think，In the future society，This kind of private society can be abandoned again。In addition to the essence of human nature，The necessity requirements for human society to give humans are all outside the human，Activities and labor are just means in civic society，"Personal survival is Bet365 app download the ultimate purpose"。So，You can summarize the logic of Marx's mission and future ideas for the citizens: Civil society is composed of people who have private interests in reality，Civilian social reality with private interest will definitely surpass and replace political countries in history，After being completed，Civil society will also abandon the outer bond between the civic society and the individual，So as to cancel the overallness of the civic society itself and the problem of "downward materialism" occupying the upper hand。Final，"Real People" is manifested，This is an important manifestation of Marx humanistic materialism at this time。

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