bet365 mobile and enlightenment are important contents in the thoughts of Confucius and Mencius，But their status and performance in Confucius and Mencius’ thoughts are different。Confucius and Mencius discussed the question "Where does bet365 mobile come from"，Proposed two ways，Two principles that formed the bet365 mobile thought of Confucius and Mencius，That is, the principle of reciprocity and the principle of autonomy，They provide theoretical support for Confucian education claims from two aspects。By examining Confucius and Mencius’ bet365 mobile thoughts and enlightenment ideas，Helps to deeply understand the connection and difference between the thoughts of Confucius and Mencius，On this basis, we can deepen our understanding of the relationship between Confucian bet365 mobile thought and the advocacy of enlightenment。

　　The status of bet365 mobile in the thoughts of Confucius and Mencius

As the founder of Confucianism，Confucius (552 BC-479 BC) was born at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period (722 BC-480 BC)，The most significant political and cultural feature of the Spring and Autumn Period is the "corruption of etiquette and the collapse of music"，That is, "ritual" as a political and cultural order gradually loses its function as an institution and behavioral norm，Appears to be inconsistent with name and reality、Social disorder。Confucius believed that social disorder stems from confusion between name and reality，The root cause is that people are restless，Therefore, rebuilding order must also start with people。However，Because etiquette stipulates the norms that people with different statuses should have，However, there is no provision for human beings in the general sense, demonstrating its legitimacy and finding ways to achieve it，For this，He proposed the concept of "benevolence"，Taking benevolence as the inherent requirement of being a human being，Chengren’s efforts towards self-improvement。bet365 mobile is the "foundation of benevolence"，That is to say, bet365 mobile is the foundation of human life。In this way, benevolence is put into interpersonal relationships，Give Chengren’s efforts a practical start。

A person becomes a person between people-first of all in the family。The most important relationship in the family is the father-son relationship，bet365 mobile is the ethical requirement for children，In this way, we can rebuild order starting from people and implement it in the family。Family becomes the base for rebuilding order，bet365 mobile has become the most important virtue。According to the discussion above，The status of bet365 mobile in Confucius’ thought is presented along the following clues: Confucius advocates rule by etiquette，After the transformation of etiquette，Place rituals on benevolence，That is, etiquette with benevolence as its content，bet365 mobile is the "foundation of benevolence"。Ritual governance is based on the family，The most important relationship in the family is the father-son relationship，According to the requirements of etiquette，In the family, sons serve their fathers as bet365 mobile。Therefore，bet365 mobile becomes the beginning of ritual rule。

Mencius promised himself to be the successor of Confucius，And carried forward Confucianism after Confucius。Mencius lived in the middle of the Warring States Period，At that time, the competition among the princes had changed from fighting for hegemony to becoming king，The collapse of rituals and music is irreversible，The Zhou Dynasty has declined to the point where nothing can be done。Wars are frequent and unprecedented in scale，In his view, the situation at that time was "what a king would not do"，No one has neglected this moment；The people are languishing in tyranny，Nothing like this”。Therefore，Compared with Confucius，He focused on rebuilding order on the rulers，That is to say, persuade them to follow the king's way and "one world"。The specific content of the royal way is benevolent government，Benevolent government is derived from the benevolence of the ruler。Mencius believes，The formation of benevolence，It grows and develops from the "conscience" and "good ability" that everyone can "learn without learning" and "know without thinking"。Therefore，About the relationship between bet365 mobile and benevolence，His point of view is to directly regard bet365 mobile as benevolence: "Kiss, kiss，Benevolence”；“The Reality of Benevolence，It’s okay to be close to each other”。In Mencius，bet365 mobile starts from benevolence and “expands into the highest expression of virtue”。Therefore，In the Thoughts of Confucius and Mencius，bet365 mobile is related to their political views (Li Zhi) through its association with the theory of mind (Chengren).、Benevolent government) related。It can be said，“bet365 mobile” is a cornerstone of their thinking。

　　Where does bet365 mobile come from

Since it is with Confucius，bet365 mobile is the beginning of benevolence，Then，Where does bet365 mobile come from or what is the basis for bet365 mobile？Confucius believed that bet365 mobile comes from children’s gratitude to their parents for giving birth to them。This can be clearly seen from his answer to Zaiyu’s three-year mourning。

　　Zaiwo asked: "Three years of mourning，It’s been a long time coming。A gentleman has not behaved politely for three years，Etiquette must be broken；Three years of no joy，LeBiBeng。The old valley is gone，Xingu Jisheng，Drilling flint to fire，The period is over。"bet365 mobile said: "You feed your husband's rice，yifujin，Yu Nuanhu？" said: "An。”“女安，That’s it。The husband is in mourning，Unwilling to eat food，Happiness or displeasure，Uneasy place，So don’t do it。Jin Nuan，That’s it！"Kill me out。bet365 mobile said: "It is unkind！Three years after his birth，Then escape from the arms of parents。Three years of mourning for husband，The world is in mourning。I have been in love with my parents for almost three years！”

Confucius believed that the basis for three years of mourning is "three years after the birth of a son，Then escape from the arms of parents”，So it is said that "Three Years of Mourning，The world is in mourning”。Judging from this statement，bet365 mobile is a kind of feedback emotion and behavior that children first accept (nurturing grace) and then repay (nurturing life and death) to their parents。Also，It’s worth noting，This passage involves the relationship between bet365 mobile, benevolence and etiquette。In this discussion，Jaeyu starts from a practical point of view，I feel like three years of mourning is too long，Three years of mourning may lead to a breakdown in etiquette and happiness。Confucius did not comment on his claims，But asked him if he felt at ease during the mourning period。Why did Confucius ask this question？This is because for Confucius，Etiquette is not a formal ceremony，It is an outward expression of inner feelings。Therefore，The restraints imposed by etiquette on people are actually based on the inner unwillingness to tolerate oneself。Because of this，After Jaeyu answered "An"，Confucius said, "Nu An"，That’s it”，Only let out a disappointed sigh after he left，Calling Jaeyu “unkind”，The specific content is that Jaeyu does not have "three years of love" for his parents。This conversation begins with a discussion ceremony，But settled on kindness and love，It shows that Confucius’ concept of etiquette is based on benevolence，Benevolence begins with bet365 mobile。In this way, Confucius related etiquette and benevolence, which are the defining characteristics of human beings，Let it originate from people themselves，Find the legitimacy basis of etiquette，Associating benevolence and bet365 mobile，Find ethical basis from the fact that people are related persons and from the human nature contained in this fact。

Confucius came from the family、Looking for the basis of bet365 mobile in interpersonal relationships，Consider bet365 mobile as a feedback-based emotional and behavioral expression of children's gratitude to their parents。This kind of reciprocal communication is in line with human nature，Has strong persuasiveness and feasibility in life practice。But the problem with it is，It’s hard to face “If the father is unkind，Based on the principle of reciprocity，The question of why a son should be filial。So，Benevolence must be based on the principle of autonomy that transcends the principle of reciprocity，That is, whether the father is kind or not，The son still acts bet365 mobile。The inner basis is that bet365 mobile itself is regarded as the defining characteristic of human beings - this is what Mencius advocated。

Mencius is the same as Confucius，Also believes that benevolence is the defining characteristic of human beings，He said, "He who is benevolent，人也”。This means that benevolence is the unique defining characteristic that makes people human。The difference is，Confucius regarded bet365 mobile as the beginning of benevolence，Mencius directly connected bet365 mobile with human benevolence，Regard bet365 mobile as human nature。He said: "Benevolence，The human heart”；“Benevolence is for father and son...it has a nature，A gentleman does not care about fate。”“Fate” in Mencius mainly refers to areas that cannot be completely decided by oneself (such as longevity, wealth, and poverty)。In this case，These are things that don’t need to be pursued deliberately。"Xing" in Mencius belongs to the realm where people can make their own decisions，The so-called "ask and you will get"，If you give it up, you will lose it”。Visible，What Mencius calls nature，The point is not to emphasize that it is innate (like people’s animal instincts)，But emphasize that it is done by oneself and not by others，It can be obtained without asking for help。Therefore，About how to become a benevolent person，Mencius attaches great importance to people’s inner consciousness。Because he directly links bet365 mobile and benevolence，When solving the problem of where bet365 mobile comes from，Mencius particularly emphasized human autonomy rather than reciprocity，So when he praised Shun's great bet365 mobile, he said: "The world will be happy and will return to yourself，Consider the joy of the world and return it to yourself，Just like grass and mustard，Only Shun is so。Not close to each other，Not allowed to be human；Disobedient dear，Cannot be a child。Shun did everything he could to get married，ER罽瞍厎玎yu。罽瞍厎厎，And the world is changing。罽瞍厎厎，The world is determined by father and son。This is called great bet365 mobile。"This is bet365 mobile from the perspective of human beings。In Mencius’ view，If a person is not filial, he cannot be a human being。Human beings are based on the distinction between humans and animals，It is people’s awareness that they should become human beings。Therefore，He said: "The reason why humans are different from animals is Jixi，Common people go，A gentleman can save it。Shun was wise in common things，Observe human relations。By Renyi Xing，Not benevolent and righteous。”This emphasis on autonomy should be a manifestation of Mencius’s idea of ​​good nature。What Mencius calls good nature，It means that everyone has good qualities。Not only that，Everyone has the ability to cultivate and expand his own kindness，Thus making yourself a real person。Mencius believes，This is what people have in common。As for the degree of realization of good intentions in practice, it is not the same，It is due to the different levels of people’s awareness and efforts towards being human。Due to this assertion of autonomy for Chengren，Mencius was often disappointed and sighed at people's unconsciousness and lack of effort。

　　Mencius said: "bet365 mobile，The human heart is also。righteousness，Passenger road。There is no way to avoid it，Let your heart go without asking for anything，Sorry！People have chickens and dogs to let loose，Then seek it out；Reassured，Not knowing what to ask for。There is no other way to learn，Just asking for peace of mind。”

Mencius said: "Now there is the nameless finger，In disbelief，It’s not the pain that causes harm。If anyone can believe it，Same as the Qin Dynasty、The Road to Chu，To point out that you are not as good as a human being。Referring not to be like a human being，Then you know the evil。Have a bad heart，You don’t know evil，bet365 mobile is called not knowing the category。”

Mencius said: "The hungry are willing to eat，Drink to those who are thirsty，bet365 mobile is the right way to eat and drink，Hunger and thirst are harmful。Isn’t hunger and thirst the only thing that harms the appetite？People’s hearts are also harmful。People can not take the harm of hunger and thirst as harm to their hearts，If you are not as good as others, you don’t have to worry。”

People only care about the physical "body" and ignore the moral "heart"，In Mencius’ view，bet365 mobile is "I don't know the category"，That is, there is no essential difference from animals。

，This should be an inevitable result of the internal development of Confucian theory。Question about “Where does bet365 mobile come from”，He proposed and emphasized the principle of autonomy in addition to the principle of reciprocity proposed by Confucius，More comprehensive in theory。

　　bet365 mobile and education

Both bet365 mobile and Mencius were people with a high sense of social responsibility and historical mission，The ultimate goal of their theory is to use it to say "change the world"，That is, to realize the transformation of the world from chaos (without law) to order (with law)。Therefore，As discussed earlier，Their theories of mind are based on their political opinions，Provide theoretical basis for their political claims。

bet365 mobile advocates rule by etiquette，Taking etiquette as the basis for rebuilding order，He founded ritual on benevolence through his own theoretical creation，Benevolence is the defining characteristic of human beings，Exhibiting moral consciousness，That is, when doing things, put "should or not" first or act according to the principles，Not blindly pursuing profit。bet365 mobile believed that the quality of politics lies in people，The defining characteristic of human beings lies in “benevolence”，That is, people’s moral consciousness，This embeds morality into politics。In this way，The importance of "profit" to people must be placed below "righteousness"。But，The usual behavior pattern of ordinary people is to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages，That is what bet365 mobile said: "The villain is likened to benefit"。Therefore，He advocates educating people to follow righteousness，Change from acting for profit to acting for justice。

The subject of education is the "gentleman"，The target is a "villain"，The necessity of education is because "a villain is likened to benefit"，The possibility is due to bet365 mobile，Chengren can not only be based on the principle of reciprocity，It can also be based on the principle of autonomy，This was revealed when he answered Yan Hui’s question about Ren。

Yan Yuanwenren。bet365 mobile said: "To restrain oneself and return to propriety is benevolence。One day of self-denial and restoration of rites，The world returns to benevolence。Be kind to yourself，It’s up to others！" Yan Yuan said: "May I ask about its purpose。"bet365 mobile said: "Don't look at anything inappropriate，Don’t listen to evildoers，Don’t say anything inappropriate，Do not touch anything inappropriate。" Yan Yuan said: "Although I am not sensitive，Please tell me something。”

bet365 mobile focuses on the relationship between benevolence and propriety in this paragraph。Xu Fuguan believes: “‘Ji’ is natural、Physiological life，‘Self-denial’ is the breakthrough of nature through self-reflection and self-awareness、Physiological constraints of life，‘Ritual’ has been transformed by bet365 mobile into people’s inherent virtue and a symbol of virtue，‘Restoring rites’ is to restore people’s inherent virtues to reveal the value of people。‘The world returns to benevolence’ means that a person recovers his own virtue through ‘self-denial’，That is, after restoring benevolence，The world will be absorbed in my kindness at the same time。”“Be kind to yourself”，It means that benevolence to people comes from inner and spontaneous requirements，Whether you can become a benevolent person or not can and can only be decided by yourself。Yan Yuan asked where to start，bet365 mobile replied, “Don’t look at anything inappropriate，Don’t listen to evildoers，Don’t say anything inappropriate，Do not touch anything inappropriate”，It seems that external courtesy is used to restrict people’s words and deeds，But actually，The essence of benevolence is inner awareness、Realm，With inner kindness，It will definitely be shown in people’s external words and deeds。Because etiquette is the externalization of human virtue，The expression of benevolence is that words and deeds are consistent with etiquette。Here benevolence and propriety are the relationship between internal and external，It’s one and two、The relationship between two and one。Visible，bet365 mobile’s talk about becoming benevolent is directly rooted in people’s high degree of self-consciousness about becoming benevolent，Emphasis on human autonomy，That’s why he said “it’s up to oneself to be benevolent，It’s up to people”。

Yan Hui is bet365 mobile’s most proud disciple，Therefore, bet365 mobile’ inspiration for his benevolence no longer started from the normal way of reciprocal communication，Rather, the road to becoming benevolent begins directly from one’s own awareness of becoming benevolent。This can be regarded as two feasible solutions for people with different qualifications and pursuits。

What is worth explaining here，The relationship between the principle of reciprocity and consideration of interests。The principle of reciprocity in interpersonal communication is actually an exchange relationship，That is, the "acceptance-reward" relationship。In terms of bet365 mobile，This method of communication represents an exchange relationship with a time difference between children and parents (that is, support vs. raising，bet365 mobile is kindness)。This intergenerational exchange relationship is the basic way of human survival and reproduction，Reflects the exchange relationship between rights and obligations of each person at different stages in life。From this perspective，Children’s material and emotional care for their parents can actually be regarded as care for their future selves。This means that the principle of reciprocal communication must contain elements of exchange，With social utilitarian color。This should be universally recognized、A profound socio-psychological root of acceptance。

Mencius advocates benevolent government，Mainly emphasizes that rulers must consciously cultivate and expand benevolence，From benevolent thoughts to politics，It behaves as a benevolent government。He advocates the goodness of human nature，Theoretically, everyone can become a benevolent person，But in practice, performance is uneven。In Mencius’ view, this means that people cannot realize their own nature due to their own reasons，Therefore he believes that those who are prophetic and early-awakening have the responsibility to teach those who are late-awakening，That’s why he said: “You can’t raise a middle child.”，Talent cannot be nurtured，Old friend Le Youxian father and brother。If you win, you will give up and fail，Talent cannot be abandoned，The virtuous and the unfaithful will be separated，No inches in between。”And in Mencius’s benevolent government ideas，In addition to paying attention to the economy (nurturing and enriching the people)，Education is also an important content。When he persuaded King Hui of Liang with royal principles, he said: "It does not violate the farming season，The grain cannot be eaten。Several grains cannot enter the pond，Fish and turtles are inedible。Enter the forest with an ax and a pound of time，The wood is not suitable for use。Grain, fish and turtles are inedible，The trees are incompetent，It is to enable the people to live and die without regret。Keep in good health and die without regrets，The beginning of the kingly way。Five acres of house，Tree with mulberry，If you are fifty, you can wear silk clothes。Chickens, dolphins, dogs and pigs，No time lost，Those in their seventies can eat meat。Hundred Acres of Field，Don’t seize the moment，Family of several people，You can be hungry。Respect the teachings of Xiangxu，Apply the meaning of bet365 mobile and brotherhood，Those who are awarded white are worthy of the road。Seventy people wear silk and eat meat，People are neither hungry nor cold，However, there is no king，There is nothing yet。”

Same as bet365 mobile，The education advocated by Mencius is also to transform a gentleman into a villain，When answering Teng Wengong's question about politics, he said: "bet365 mobile said, 'The king dies'，Listen to Yu Zhongzai，歠congee，Dark ink on the face，Crying after taking the throne，No one dares to mourn when officials are in trouble，The first one’。There are good people in the world，There must be someone out there。The virtue of a gentleman，Fengye。The virtue of a villain，草也。The wind above the grass will die。”Mencius advocated good nature，The necessity of education lies in people’s different levels of awareness and effort，In other words, there are "ordinary people" who want to "wait for King Wen to prosper"，The possibility is that some people have the consciousness of being human and work hard to practice it，That is, there are "heroic men" who "are still prosperous even though there is no King Wen"。

In summary，About the relationship between bet365 mobile and education，Confucius was solving the problem of where bet365 mobile comes from，Proposed the principle of reciprocity，Mencius further proposed the principle of autonomy，Provide theoretical basis for Confucian education claims。Among them，The principle of reciprocity solves the problem of the necessity of Confucian education，The principle of autonomy solves the problem of the possibility of Confucian education claims。

　(The author is an assistant researcher at the Institute of Philosophy and Central Plains Culture, Henan Academy of bet365 mobile)