Interpretation of the Paris Text Group of Youth Marx
October 09, 2023 Source: "China Social Sciences", October 9, 2023, Issue 2746, Issue 2746

Since the 20th century,Young Marx has always been the focus of controversy at home and abroad,One of the main fields of theoretical confrontation is the "Manuscript of Economic Philosophy of 1844" (hereinafter referred to as "Manuscript of 1844")。Promotion of the sorting and research with text,The Paris Notes written at the same time are presented in our field of vision,The two together constitute the Paris text group of the youth Marx。

Why does this text group cause such controversy? From the perspective of thought,Young Marx's thought at this time is in a state of fierce changes,Hegel Philosophy、Ferbaha humanism、Political Economics、Enlightenment history and many thought sources such as war in Marx's mind,Want to clarify in a short time、Understanding,Even discarding these important ideas,It is undoubtedly difficult for a young man who is only 26,So there is a phenomenon in which "two logic" exist in Marx's mind at this time。From the text point of view,The Paris text group was discovered after Marx's death,Even Engels does not know the existence of this text,So the writing relationship about "Notes in Paris" and "1844 Manuscripts" is different,Different interpretations represent researchers different research paradigms and center of gravity,It also leads to different understanding of the direction of the young Marx's thoughts。From a historical point of view,The interpretation bet365 best casino games of the text lies not only in itself,The positioning of the text group of the young Marx Paris also involves different ideological disputes,The legitimacy of Marx thought and historical materialism can be prominent in this dispute。

No doubt,The confrontation of theory will promote the explanation and construction of ideas,Many international scholars still regard this text as a Gui,Digging out infinite ideas from it,Construction of endless original thought。Do not explain the problem of "where is coming",It is difficult to solve the problem of "where to go",This is exactly the meaning of our current text interpretation of this text。I think,Labor alienation structure is the core of our interpretation of this text now,It is related to the division of the source of the youth Marx Thought,It also contains the context of Marx's economic thinking in his old age,It constitutes a key node for the transformation of Marx's thoughts。

In my opinion,Young Marx has a complete set of research plans in Paris Notes: First, from Say to Smith,Then go to Liszt's economics research,This is the continued research on private property after "Croysnaton Note"; the second is "James Mueller's" Principles of Political Economics "Abstract" (hereinafter referred to as "Muller Note"),The concept of "Living Life" concentrated reflects Marx's thinking about economics; third is "Hegel" Phenomenal Phenomenology "Excerpts"。Although this excerpts only a few pages of manuscripts,However, the main source of the methodology at this time is contained in the form of verbating and sentenced by word,。Judging from bet365 Play online games the habits of Marx's lifetime notes,He can hardly take notes and write in the same land at the same time,Instead, it is originally thinking after concentrating learning,Therefore, the order of writing closer to reality should be the creation of the "1844 Manuscript" after writing "Paris Notes",instead of writing at the same time。When Marx wrote "The Manuscript of 1844",The Paris Note that has been completed is likely to be at his hand。This explains why the two are similar when mentioning the works of some economists。This is here,The order of writing of "1844 Manuscripts" itself will come out。In the national economics represented by Smith,There are three core parts: (1) salary; (2) profit; (3) land rent。When we combine these three with the subject,can be obtained from three personality: (1) workers (workers); (2) capitalists; (3) landlord。This is also the direct source of the laptop Ⅰ column I of Marx's "1844 Manuscript"。but,Why does the writing of these three columns change? Because workers and wages were wiped out as the cost of capital,It has become a completely non -subjective physical object。Subsequent,Land rental is actually converted into capital,The development from unspeakable property to real estate is actually a land rent under capital relationship。In short,The changes in Marx's creation are not woodless wood,Instead, it changes with the changes in the research and critical objects of classical economics,The final point is that capital is private property,and is a private property in modern bourgeois society。

Bet365 lotto review After basically sorting the text writing relationship,Let's analyze the connotation of the young Marx labor alienation structure。Actually,The concept of Marx used in the text is "alien labor",But why did I name it "labor alienation"? If the theory of alienation labor only refers to the quadruple alienation labor of the notebook I in the "1844 Manuscript" in the narrow sense,Then the labor alienation structure has seen the methodology based on Marx's alienation in a broad sense,It not only exists in the notebook I,Not limited to the Paris period of the youth Marx,Even the scientific alienation criticism of Marx's late economics research。In the article "On the Jewish Problem",Marx believes that currency is created by people for exchange,But in reality, it became God of the secular world,Preliminary expressions of an economic alienation view。But because Marx has not yet conducted systematic economic research,but more affected by Hess,It did not combine alienation theory with labor,So I think the theory of alienation at this time does not constitute a labor alienation formula。and in "Mueller Note" in Paris,The proposal of the theory of interactive alienation represents the appearance of "labor alienation structure i",Its theoretical basis is "Bedürfnis),This is the civic society based on people and people built by classical economists Smith.。Simply put,"Labor Alienation I" is a point of view that Marx uses the concept of labor to transform economic alienation,But this theory does not have a solid methodological support,So this alienation bet365 Play online games theory does not have the category of subject labor,Nor the dialectical link of abandoning alienation,At this time, Marx is in the transition period of his sexual and original thoughts。and in depth of economic research in "Paris Notes",Marx trying to find the foundation foundation of the methodology of its own original theory,surpass classical economics with a complete theoretical system,Its achievement is the "Labor Alienation Theory II" built by Notebook Ⅰ。One aspect,Marx is influenced by Hegel's philosophy,Objectized through labor in nature,Self -conscious physical sinking in turn dominates the consciousness itself。Labor as an intermediary for this connection,It has also become the key to Marx's abandonment of returning。On the other hand,Marx and Smith resonate,He affirmed Smith's saying about the essence of labor as the main body of private property,Call Smith as "Luther in Economics"。but but,Smith's labor concept foundation is still the workers' labor that can be seen in the handicraft,This leads to the "non -human" machine -based production from the perspective of humanism。

Looking at it further,The appearance of the youth Marx labor alienation structure is actually the first system expression of the young Marx epistemology,I judge it as a criticism of criticism。The methodology of this epistemology is Hegel's phenomenology,The target of its understanding is social materialism。Actually,Starting from the Paris period,Social materialism in classical economics has potentially affected Marx,This process Bet365 lotto review is unconscious。But we can clearly see,Marx's intuitive objective materialism at this time,Slowly enter a non -intuitive theory,Labor alienation structure is exactly the relational perspective that transcends emotional intuitive。In Paris Notes,Marx's criticism theory is mainly reflected in the perspective of visible products to invisible capital and labor,From the visible real estate to the invisible real estate,and try to criticize this alienated main and objective relationship、Discarding and returning。This kind of critical understanding is similar to the epistemology of Guangsong and Heidegger.,That is to transcend the intuitive objective understanding,Therefore, realize the relationship and activity behind the object,It just opposes "object"。In other words,Marx at this time is to criticize and surpass economic reality in the way of Hegel's phenomenon。So,In the common effect of the business society composed of Smith's "need relationship" and Hegel's "Spiritual Phenomenology",,Critical understanding theory can be played。but but,The end point of the alienation of this episodes is the existence of the Ferbaha value suspension category,It is still the hidden ideological view of idealistic history。Starting from "Outline of Ferbaha",Marx has abandoned this critical episrigma theory with humanistic as the leading logic,In the historical concept of science, a historical epistemology based on the theory of relationships。Until the "Economics Manuscripts of 1857-1858" and "1861-1863 Economics Manuscripts"bet365 Play online games ,Marx once again formed a new critical episrison,The new foundation of this theory is scientific labor alienation structure III and historical phenomenology,This has completed two changes to Marx's theory。

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