"Craftsman Spirit" has become one of the topics that people are currently discussing。But，Most of the discussion focuses on methods such as "excellence" and "one counter -three"，but not paying attention to the realm of "Tao"。Another discussion is considered，In traditional Chinese culture，"Sage Gentleman" is respected，and the artisan status is low，Less right to speak。but but，Read the fable in "Zhuangzi"，We are not difficult to find，It is precisely the artisan's mastery and practice "heaven"，Their skills are an excellent manifestation of "the unity of heaven and man"，It is very helpful for health governing the country。Taking the magic of "Ding Ding Jie Niu" as an example，Because he as a craftsman，Insight and conforms to the heaven of the cow，but can be cautious in the difficult place。From this we can know that the method of breeding is not "lying down"，Instead of improving skills，Humanity，Raise people with heaven，Is for "You Tao"。

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"庖 解" is the famous fable from "Zhuangzi · Health Lord"。See the name，Perhaps what is the relationship between "Xie Niu" and "Health"? If from the perspective of a cow，This is completely a slaughter，But this behavior is very rhythmic、Perform "wonderful"，Even "Dance of Sanglin"，Nai Zhong's "Sutra" meeting "。Life is alive，The problem to solve is as many as cow hair，How to live a "splattered" life is the key。Therefore，For "庖 解"，Perspective of humanistic philosophy，can be appreciated by the truth。

"Solution" itself，It is related to "Jieniu"。"Said": "Solution，Defement also，From the knife，Judgment Cape。"庖，It is ignored by general readers，In fact, the Wei and Jin During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, Guo Xiang had already exposed the original committee，"Raise it with a knife，Therefore, you can also support it "。Therefore，The key is the bet365 Play online games problem of "raising knives" and "health"。Ding Ding's knife，The task is to solve the cow，The process of solution is also the loss of the knife，Just like our life，Life itself is also one day a day、"Solution"，This is also a process of continuous loss。"Liangye is more sword，Cut;，Fold。"Wen Huijun said," I heard the words of Ding Ding，Get Health "，What do you get，He didn't say，But we can roughly speculate，He also hopes to avoid changing his life as frequently changing the knife like "good 庖" or "clan"。Actually，庖 emphasized，In the past 19 years，He only uses a knife，and after the solution of thousands of cows，It's as if just grinded on the knife stone。This is the minimum loss，Get the biggest income。If you also want to ask the relationship between "raising knives" and "solving cattle"，We can say，The cleverness of the Ding Ding lies in "depending on heaven"，"Nourish Sword" with "Jie Cow"，instead of "collection" to raise a knife。In other words，"Hidden by Good Sword" is for the next "Jie Cow"。So，The maintenance of life cannot depend on "collection"，Instead, it is necessary to "solve" the problem after another。

Ding Ding is not a special slaughterhouse to solve the cow，Instead of solving the cow for "Wen Hui"。The Western Han Jiayi "New Book · Uncertain" said: "The cow slaughtering tank solves the twelve cows and the blade is lost，Strike、Dipped in all the reason。But to the place where the hip is hipped，Non -pound, ax。"" From this proposed，Ren Yienhou is the blade of the owner，and the power system of power is the ax of the owner。The princes at that time were all "hip"，If you abandon the "System of the Ax"，And want to stabilize the world with the blade，So even if the blade is not broken, it will be disabled，So it provides the theoretical basis for "cutting the vassal"。

　　"Daojin Lifel" and "Delivery"

Wen Huijun first saw 庖 解，I am amazed: "Hee! Good! Skill!" Wen Huijun thinks that the solution of Niu Niu has reached the apex，But the answer of Ding Ding is "the good who is a good place，Tao bet365 best casino games also! Entering Technology。He believes that technology is just a means to improve to "Tao"，"Tao" is his longing。So the case of 庖 should be understood from the perspective of "Tao"，Mr. Pang Pu called him "Dao Yan"，Is a completely basis。"Tao"，Available for people，3346_3366。For this，Ming Ru Xue Xun has words，"If you see Richard, you are familiar with things，Ru Ding Ding Xie Niu "(" Reading Record "Volume 9。Zhu Zi also quoted 庖，"Cooked and unfamiliar" to explain the difference between saints and mediocrity，It can be seen that its significance is significant: "The way of Yao Shun，Filial brother just，Also familiar with it nearby，Is Yao Shun，The division of saints and mediocrity，Just a familiar and unfamiliar，庖 牛，Mo No.。Ancient Books，Also made Magic "(" Zhu Ziyu "Volume 18。

"Cooked and unfamiliar"，The interesting thing of "selling oil" recorded by Ouyang Xiu is quite close to，It is also talked about by people。One of the most important sentences is "This is so -called 'Xie Cow'、‘斫’ is the difference? "(" Guitian Record "volume) Although Ouyang Xiu thought it was the same as the so -called" solution "and" 斫 ”" of Zhuang Sheng and Zhuang Sheng，But he only said that the oil selling oil "is well -handed"，Gao Ding's high argument。

The key points of the rotation of "Zhuangzi · Tiandao" are also very different from the theory of Ding Ding，Chao Bian believes that although he is "in your hand and should be in your heart"，But the mystery "Era of mouth cannot speak，There are counting in the meantime "，This is a typical "knowledge of silence" or "body knowledge"。and 庖，It is "no lecture"。Of course，From the Words of the Wheel and Ding Ding，We can all experience，Zhuangzi thinks that the real wisdom is in the hands of "technicians" such as "wheel flat and 庖 庖，instead of "sage" or "classic"。Observation，Perhaps it can help us understand the rich meaning of Zhuangzi's "Tao is not absent"。Selling oil、The common place in common in the wheel flat and Ding Ding，lies in long -term focusing on one Bet365 app download thing，Only with magical skills，or the same as Bole。Huang Zhen in the Southern Song Dynasty said: "Bole Xiangma，What you see is nothing more than a horse，sincere horse; 庖，What you see is nothing more than a cow，sincere Niu Ye。"" Volume 56

According to Huang Zhen's words，"Cooked" comes from "sincerity"，Zheng and the Confucian Confucius' words "Learn the Time" recorded in "Learning"。庖，I am rathering Zhuangzi，Is learning and thinking good、Typical of Xueda Tianren。But，庖 is always a "craftsman" for solving cattle，instead of the literati of the sleeve theory。庖丁自述解牛的神妙：“以神遇，instead of visual vision，Guanzhi stops and God wants to do。Yi Liangli，Batch Big，Director 窾，Due to it。Scripture is not tasted，Is it a big deal? Intersection，All because of "relying on heaven" and "because of it"，instead of resorting to your own brute force plus slaughter。

Scholars of all ages praised this，Most play。As the Ming Dynasty Xue Xun said: "庖 庖，It's just logical。"(" Reading Record "Volume 11) But its foundation is" encounter with God，Not visual vision "，The cognitive function of ears has reached the limit and the operation of "God" has no obstacles。A "encounter" word，Vividly explained the handy and handy、The state of calmness。in 庖，"I encounter with God" after at least three years of accumulation，Before reaching this level，You need to add more tough。

　"There is no whole cow" and "starting point"

庖，There is a relatively long process，"When the cow of the first minister，What you see is nothing more than a cow。After three years，You see all cows "。Mr. Pang Pu thought that the words of Ding Ding were comparable to the quotation of Master Qingyuan Weixin Zen: "When the old monk did not participate in meditation thirty years ago，See the mountain is mountain，and later。and later，See knowledge，There is a place，Seeing the mountain is not a mountain，Seeing water is not water。There is a rest place today，Seeing the mountains in front of you is just a mountain，Bet365 lotto review Seeing water is just water。"(" Five Lantern Festival Yuan "Volume 17) Indeed as Mr. Pang said，"See knowledge，There is an entry "very important，The key to Simpling Ding Xie Niu is "There is no whole cow"。Ding Ding is indeed a model of "integration of knowledge and action"，Because Qingyuan's "Three Scholarship" for landscapes，Just at the level of "see"，It does not highlight the stage of "solution"。and Ding Ding is not just "playing swords", "moving knife", "raising knife", "release knife", "good sword"，And "hand touch", "shoulders", "football", "knee", "god encounter"，can be described as a wholehearted cow。Another，The cattle solved by Ding Ding "Suddenly solved it，As the Land of the Land "，and Qingyuan Weixin said the third stage "Seeing the mountains is just a mountain，Seeing water is just water "is not the same。

"Chang Ahan Sutra" Volume 19 contains the fables of Shakyamuni borrowing the "Blind Elephant"，Remind people to pay attention to the problem and not be replaced by point、Both preference。But the problem lies in，If you have a real experience of elephant，It happens to be those "blind people"。Since ancient times to the present，I think I know well for everything，Stand by it to say the wind and cool words，There are too many smart people who accuse others of "one -sided"，There are too few people who are really like "There are no whole bulls" like 庖。Therefore，The "three paragraphs" of Qingyuan Weixin and the "three paragraphs" of Ding Ding cannot be completely equal to。庖 牛，At the level of "Tao"，From beginning to end, it is "no whole cow"，庖，This bet365 live casino games "heaven" and "certainly"，Specific implementation to each gap、Each meridian。

Reading for learning，It also needs "no whole cow"，can you find the right entry point，"Scholars look at the text for the first time，I only see a muddy thing，For a long time as three or two pieces，to ten pieces，Fang is growing。Ru Ding Ding Niu，Ve and Wuquan Niu is also "(" Zhu Ziyu "Volume 10)。If Shen Yan can not extricate itself，It is inevitable to deceive yourself。

　"Without thickness," and life is good

庖 解，The most cited is ""，Restoring its room for blade "。Lin Xiyi in the Southern Song Dynasty thought this was also the method of health: "This is difficult to say that the world is difficult，All the principles of nature，I am going to go，Nothing，Its heart is natural。None of the old things can hurt its birth，This is also the method of health。"" Volume 2 of Zhuangzikou Yiyi)

Back to the words of Ding Ding，"No thick" is the characteristic of the blade，It has two sides，On the one hand, sharpness，On the one hand, thin。Liangye uses the "cut" method，The "fold" method of the family 庖，All cause the blade and even the knife body，They only remember the sharpness of the blade and forgot the thinness of the blade。庖 can start from "No Total Cow"，Find the "entry point" from the gap of the cow itself，Then "criticize the big 郄，Direction 窾 "。Everyone knows the thickness of the knife，Knowing that there is a cow。"Without thickness"，To the maximum to avoid understanding the loss of the knife caused by the cow，This is the pride of Ding Ding。There is room for cow，It is also the results of "hand touch", "shoulders", "football", "knee" and "god encounter".，Non -sleeved empty talker can know。This may be another layer of Zhuangzi's intention。

But "Extreme" or "no hole"，Not all of the cow cows。庖 said: "Although，As for the family，I see it that it is difficult，Ran Ren is the ring，See it，Late behavior，The knife is very small。"" "，It is really a brilliant pen，Otherwise, as Jia Yi said, "To the place where the hip is，Non -pound ax "，If it is all fun。Lin Xiyi commented: "Although this 'although' one turn，Very intentional。Life of the Cover，How can it be all the way? There are also adversity currents，Duke again，。Pedestrian is easy to go smoothly，Most of them are busy to lose their hands and feet in the inverse，Anyone who does not move? So add this。"" Volume 2 of Zhuangzikou Yiyi)

As Lin Xiyi said，"This turn" is very important。Even 庖，It is impossible to always be "ease"，The problem is also part of bet365 live casino games "heaven" and "certainly"。Most people are really busy when they encounter adversity，So "See it until，Late behavior "is cautious and calm。Without this transfer，庖 is incomplete。Lin Xiyi's explanation is implemented in the situation of the situation of life，There is a saying of "reverse coming and going"。From this we can see that Guo Xiang said, "Raise it with a knife，Therefore, knowing that you can also support it "。

You can see from "Zhuangzi"，A special place in Chinese culture，Gao Miao's philosophy often comes from the mouth of craftsmen。Even Confucius also said, "Workers want to be good，must first benefit its instrument。"(" The Analects of Confucius · Wei Ling Gong ") and the relationship between the Taoist is another important issue in Chinese culture。

　　(The author is a professor at the School of Humanities and Art, Xi'an Foreign Affairs College)