Foucault and Kant represent two enlightenment directions，They have all written "What is Enlightenment"。Kant belongs to the 18th century，Foucault belongs to modern contemporary。Domestic readers are more familiar with Kant's thoughts，I mainly talk about the enlightenment of "people" here，How to surpass Kant。

From the perspective of Foucault，Nietzsche found that Kant is in a "anthropology sleep"，It comes from Kant's "Anthropology Two -shape": "Dangde adds 'What is the person' on their traditional trilogy，So three critical issues (what can I know? What should I do? What can I want?)，and attribute to ‘its explanation’ in some way。”

Kant's above four questions，In the form that I think or reflection，Defining people from the aspects of epistemology and ethics。Foucault In order to rethink the Enlightenment，First of all, you must re -examine "People"，And this has to re -examine "What is my thinking or reflection"。The same concept or word，Can be re -thought from different channels，This is the philosophical method followed by Foucault。

Foucault brings the literati's sensitivity to words and the deeper of philosopher，Retelling "I think" or "Reflection"。We usually call Kant as the founder of German classical philosophy。Kant philosophy dates back to the 17th century Descartes' rationalism，"Reflection" is a Cartes -like contemplation method，and inherited by Kant，It has clear and clear evidence。When Kant completed the trilogy，When I finally answered "What is a person"，He will face the challenges of Nietzsche in the end of the 19th century，Because Nietzsche proposes "Superman" -the people want to be surpassed。So，About people，There is a dispute between classical and modern。For this，Poet can write poems，But the philosopher has to be "rational"。

Different from watching suspense movies，I want to talk first，First disclose Bet365 app download the mystery，Then find the ideological process。Following the direction of Nietzsche，Foucault thinks that the key concept of classical philosophy is "reflection"，And one of the keywords of modern thoughts represented by Nietzsche，Is "non -thought"。

Can a person appear in the direct and supreme transparency of my thoughts? Classical philosophy "energy"，Modern thought "can't"。Foucault wrote: "People are such a way of existence，is always open、It has never been defined once and hard ... people are also puzzled (la méconnaissance，It also means a place where ‘unable to recognize’ and ‘difficult to recognize’，This puzzle always makes people's thoughts be transcended by their unique existence，Make memories on the basis of escaping people at the same time。For this reason，The inevitability of the priority reflection of modern form is not in the existence of natural sciences like Kant，Instead of being in an unknown existence，This existence is silent，But it is a fascinating and secretly penetrating through a possible discourse，and start from this unknown，People are constantly called for self -knowledge。”

About Nietzsche's Superman，Foucault also agreed，lies in "How can people think about what people don't think"。I don't think，It is also non -thought，People disappear in unmanned places，For example, people disappear in language，Disappearing in words and texts。It is difficult for people to recognize，Can't recognize，The words were replaced -and Kant never thought about it like this。

Foucault is not fully rejected phenomenology，As the "Alliance" as a modern philosophy，He absorbed what he needed from Husserl and Heidegger。We know that Heidegger said, "Language is a home of existence，People live in this home "。Foucault almost wrote the same idea: "At the beginning, people were forced to set up their own words and thoughts inside the language，It seems that people's own words and thoughts just stir up this number of possibilities on the network at some bet365 live casino games point? Compared to Kant's question，There is a quarterly transfer，Because it involves no longer the truth，but exist; no longer nature，but people; no longer a possibility of knowledge，but a possibility of puzzlement at the beginning; no longer the unfounded characteristic of philosophical theory when facing science，Instead, re -occupying people in a clear philosophical consciousness can not know this entire field of experience。”

For non -thinking、Ignorance，Foucault thinks，Descartes is a fallacy、Fantasy、Dream、Crazy these elements that cannot be thoughtful，Discover the possibility of thinking。The difference is，Descartes is to wash or bleach in order to use clearly clear concepts，and Foucault insists on "non -thought" is the source of thought，"Feishi" is already part of the thought。Foucault wrote: "Modern I think must penetrate in an obvious form、Copy and re -activate the connection between thinking and non -thought;、If the external nature of the unable to judge，So this non -thought is in thought，Around the thought，Under the thinking，Not thinking，But this non -thought is not nothing to think。”

Descartes' reflection sets a clear understanding of continuity，and Foucault disagree with such duplication。He thinks the so -called duplicate，is to start again，Among them, there are breaks or interruptions: "I will not think it is not a sudden discovery，Instead of starting the question，in order to know how to think in it，But very close to it，How can I think in a non -thought form。”

The above reminds us of the closeness of Foucault and Lacan: I am in a place where I don't think。Lakite refers，It's like a dream，They do not follow usual grammatical rules and logic rules。Foucault uses another place、Show like a dream -like place，They are all man -made，but did not follow the grammar and logic rules，They are all special "statements" that Foucault referred to in "Archeology"，It also means description、Published、Description)。Foucault wrote: "The keyboard of the typo is Bet365 lotto review not a statement，But the letters listed in the typing manual a、Z、E、R、T. This series of the same series is a statement in the order of letters used in French typos。"They are empty、Functional，instead of explanatory language。

Does the above from Foucault's likes? Disguise、Words in the broad sense，In fact, it is an irregular arrangement of a symbol，Just like the letters on French typography A、Z、E、R、t arrangement order，Not the arbitrary nature of Sachel language symbol，Because the language symbol is agreed，You must follow the inherent grammar and thinking specifications，as a special "word" statement，The order of letters on the French typing machine，Not the same language。

Let me quote the passage of Foucault in Volume II in "Sex History"，"Curiosity seems unpleasant，However, I like this word。It is for me，Impressing completely different things，It evokes 'Following'，is to grasp the existing and possible; there is some kind of sharp real sense，and it is by no means a constant remarkable。Strange will，Get rid of the method of thinking that I was familiar with，Watch the same thing from different channels; I dream of a curious new era "。

I am in a place I don't think about。I am in a place where I am absent，I am not present but have me。I am on the library's bookshelf，In my book，full of dust，Until the reader's eyes occasionally encounter it，Open one page at will，I "appear" like ghosts，But accompanied by the reader's bored fitting page，I disappear immediately，Back to the past -I am not lyric，Instead of "reasoning"。As for Foucault’s text，Treating my similar lyric sigh，can only show nothing thinking，also thinking，No answer "Who am I", "Where am I going" and "Where to go"，I am also thinking。Thinking or wanting to，Its border，It was completely opened -this is the process from Kant's "unknown" or "unspeakable" to Bet365 lotto review Foucault's "non -thought" thinking。Sunshine becomes black。

Kant -style Enlightenment Light，Is the modern sunshine。Bet365 lotto review Foucault's "non -thought" thought，It is the black light of modern enlightenment -white light is continuity。This is a gap，It is that it reveals that the so -called continuity is composed of interrupt or discontinuousness，That is, restart、Start。This is a gap、Edge of Philosophy，This seems to rarely notice，We blinked in the process of talking to people。The truth is that we blink every few seconds。We are just hypothetical，When you open your eyes again，The same thing as I saw just now。But we ignored our eyes and opened it.，It is equivalent to flashing the camera，Do not die for life。This is a micro -observation，belonging to micro philosophy。After my "blinking" metaphor is completed，I found that Foucault has similar sayings，This makes me very excited，His statement is "veille sommeillante"。Most of the time during sleep，People are not dreaming，or only extremely subtle hallucinations，Can't remember at all，It's like a blink of an eye。So，Non -Sisi Start Flash Ninth，Just like I didn't realize that I was thinking，But I am thinking about it。

Foucault is the most puzzling place，In his saying "people are dead"，Contact Nietzsche -style "Superman"，Foucault means "last person"、Old person、"People are the scale of all things"、"Reflection" or self -conscious person、People of ideology、High subjectivity of people -just like the footprint by the sea，Disappearing。Why? Because where people are not now，"Related to people，思 a a （（"，But this is different from the gaze of the "eyes of others" in Sartre and Levinas，but said，"Others" is composed of such vague plane: "We usually make this vague plane，Interpretation as an inaccurate area in human nature，or an interpreter of a fortress that is often locked as a person (reflects in it，But it cannot solve its secret -quotation); this plane is completely associated with people in another way; it is outside the person，It is essential for people: a bit like the projection map of Bet365 lotto review the person who appeared in knowledge ... in the Hegel phenomenology，It is facing self -awareness; for Schopenhauka，It is an unconscious; for Marx，It is an alienated person。"Modern people are not only closely related to these alienated others，Even live in the relationship with others -these，As a modern idea，Different from Kant，Because "To be honest，Modern thought has never proposed a moral: but the reason is not because modern thought is a pure speculation; completely opposite，The beginning of modern thoughts and as far as its depth，It is a way of behavior ... Since its earliest form，Modern thought is an action -and is a dangerous action。For those who want to ignore this，Sade、Nietzsche、Alto and Bataya already know this。But it can also be sure，Hegel、Marx and Freud also know this "。The reason why modern thought is linked to "non -thought"，It is that it is a behavior that changes the world，instead of explaining the theory of the world。At this point，Foucault is not far away from Sartre，Some of them in the "May Storm" in Paris students in 1968 as evidence。

If you say，At the beginning of this article,、Kant -style "Anthropology Quartet"，There is also the brand of deeply speculating philosophy，Then Foucault makes people "lost" in the "fold" associated with others，Just like Sosur in the "General Linguistics Tutorial", the language is metaphorized as the horizontal section of the tree stump。The image metaphor of this horizontal cut surface，Basically in the international Internet era that we human beings live today: countless other people are inexplicably linked，Others here，Not just means others in the narrow sense。How to live in it，It is a behavioral state，instead of theoretical state。

The network is a vague platform or plane，Among them, there is no connection、Unexpected content。All we think in it，All are awakened immediately。The network is our alienation state，We want to abandon it，I don’t want to be slavered by it，But I can't stop，Because we always return to it。

bet365 best casino games The network itself is "non -thought"，People are up, down, left and right，Unable to extricate。It is also "an irresistible area in human nature" in Foucault's above。Danger in，Maybe humans cannot control the network in the future。It also reminds me of，The alphabet arrangement of French typos mentioned in French foothold mentioned above is not in line with logic and grammar，The Internet network also has the same empty functional，It is a place for us to have a daydream。

above, we generally describe the two types of enlightenment of classical and modern，What is the place in it? Maybe the end of the metaphorical words is better: a person is the wound of it。or we add a little melancholy aesthetics，It comes from the poet with "mental illness" Podlair，His poem wrote this:

"I am a wound and a blade again;

It is a prisoner and a sister -in -law. "

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