conclusion,All show that the concept of bet365 champions league occupies a very important position in the Marxist theoretical system,is the basic point for the creation of the bet365 champions league theory of value and surplus value theory of Marxist political economy。The theory of dual nature of bet365 champions league founded by Marx,The first to demonstrate the important distinction between concrete bet365 champions league that creates the use value of commodities and abstract bet365 champions league that creates the value of commodities,Become a hub for understanding Marxist political economy。For abstract bet365 champions league as an important part of the duality theory of bet365 champions league,Marx made a detailed and profound discussion of its nature and characteristics for the first time。Although the abstract concept of bet365 champions league, which is central and important in Marxist bet365 champions league theory, matured in "Das Kapital" and its manuscripts,Research on Marx’s abstract bet365 champions league concept in domestic and foreign academic circles also focuses on the period of “Das Kapital” and its manuscripts,But in fact,As early as in the "Paris Manuscripts" (also known as the "1844 Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts"), which is Marx's "secret and birthplace of the 'New World View'",Marx used and discussed the term "abstract bet365 champions league"。Exploring the context and original meaning of the abstract bet365 champions league concept in the "Paris Manuscripts" is an important theoretical topic,It has very important academic significance and theoretical value for fully and accurately understanding Marx’s abstract bet365 champions league concept。
"Abstract bet365 champions league" is one of the crucial concepts in the critique of Marxist political economy,Is an important concept in Marx’s criticism of capitalist society and the key to understanding the entire category system of Marxist political economy。The term "abstract bet365 champions league" was first coined by Hegel,He believes in the book "Principles of Legal Philosophy",Due to the division of bet365 champions league and the adoption of machines,The bet365 champions league of wage workers becomes increasingly abstract,It becomes more and more a mechanical activity。Therefore,“Abstract bet365 champions league” refers to wage bet365 champions league that has lost all skills。Marx used the concept of "abstract bet365 champions league" for the first time in the "Paris Manuscripts"。But at this time,This concept does not yet correspond to the creation of use value、“The expenditure of general human bet365 champions league” that forms the essential definition of value,It is not the kind of undifferentiated human bet365 champions league or general bet365 champions league that ignores the specific form of bet365 champions league。In the "Paris Manuscripts",Marx criticized the concept of bet365 champions league in classical political economy and Hegel’s spiritual philosophy system,The logical connotation of abstract bet365 champions league is implicitly revealed in the overall logic of alienated bet365 champions league theory,Presents the original semantics of Marx’s abstract bet365 champions league concept,Opened the revolutionary path of abstract bet365 champions league in the history of thought and the critical journey of political economy,The ideological embryo that gave birth to Marx’s scientific abstract bet365 champions league concept。The abstraction of bet365 champions league,That is, the idea of increasingly abstract bet365 champions league played an extremely important role in Marx's later works。
"The Paris Manuscript" derives the separation inherent in abstract bet365 champions league from the theoretical logic of alienated bet365 champions league。Abstract means to be separated from the whole、Separation、Alienation。See bet365 champions league as a whole,Abstract bet365 champions league means bet365 champions league itself and bet365 champions league objects、Separation of bet365 champions league components such as bet365 champions league materials。In a broad sense,This is similar to the alienated bet365 champions league with inherent separation mentioned in Marx's "Paris Manuscripts"。In Marx’s view,The manifestation and origin of alienated bet365 champions league is the essence of capitalist private ownership,That is, “the separation of bet365 champions league from itself is equal to the separation of workers from capitalists,Equal to the separation of bet365 champions league from capital, which in its first form was divided into landed property and chattels”。So,Abstract bet365 champions league mentioned in the "Paris Manuscript",First of all, it refers to this kind of inherently separated bet365 champions league。In the "Paris Manuscripts",Marx started from criticizing the bet365 champions league concept of classical political economy and Hegelian philosophy and the facts of capitalist production at that time,In revealing capital、The separation of land rent and bet365 champions league makes workers’ bet365 champions league become a kind of alienated abstract bet365 champions league.,Under the theoretical premise of the idea of "quasi-essence" in the sense of practice,Proposes an opposition to abstract bet365 champions league、Picture of free bet365 champions league in productive activities that produce life。In this free bet365 champions league,bet365 champions league is no longer an inherently separate practical activity,It is the objectification of human nature,The bet365 champions league process is the embodiment of human existence,The products of bet365 champions league are a reflection of human nature。Marx proposed that human nature is the sum of all social relations in its reality,It is believed that the social relationships formed by human beings as a species in free bet365 champions league are the true essence of human beings。
"The Paris Manuscript" starts from criticizing the inhumane characteristics of capitalist national economics that abstractly "materializes" bet365 champions league,Opened up the exploration path of abstract bet365 champions league。In the theoretical system of national economists,The concept of bet365 champions league refers to the creation of use value as the basis for the realization of exchange value and bet365 champions league with the purpose of increasing wealth。In this sense,Capitalist bet365 champions league has completely become a means and livelihood activity。What capitalists pursue in this process is surplus value,For workers, it is about survival。In Marx’s view,Political economics “turns workers’ activity into a pure abstraction from which all activity is removed”,Reducing workers’ bet365 champions league to the most abstract mechanical movement。Workers are reduced to mere bet365 champions league machines in this mechanical bet365 champions league,Lost human essence。Marx used the concept of "abstract bet365 champions league" in the "Paris Manuscripts" to reveal the status and condition of workers in capitalist society。He thinks,“National economics puts the proletarians,That is, there is neither capital nor land rent,Only relying on bet365 champions league and it is one-sided、Abstract people who work for a living,Just treat them as workers”,That is to say, the proletarian is not regarded as a complete person,Just consider it as a bet365 champions league machine,Making "workers mentally and physically reduced to machines"。National economics only studies the growth of wealth,bet365 champions league is only regarded as a source of wealth creation,Thus, the perceptual life activities of "the largest part of human beings" are reduced to general abstract bet365 champions league,Put the rich、Live、The "largest part of human beings" with individuality is considered to be engaged only in bet365 champions league、People as commodities。Abstractly “materialize” bet365 champions league,Leading to the alienation of human needs。Capitalists strive to "turn workers into beings without feelings and needs",To satisfy the abstract need of chasing capital growth。The purpose of Marx’s use of the concept of “abstract bet365 champions league” in the “Paris Manuscripts”,It is to criticize and condemn the inhuman qualities of capitalist bet365 champions league that erodes and suppresses the perceptual life of workers as "the largest part of mankind"。Aiming at the irrationality of completely denying human nature hidden behind the theory of national economics,Marx proposed the concept of "rich people" from a humanistic sense,And pointed out that the self-realization of "rich people" who "requires the integrity of human life expression" is the fundamental purpose of free conscious activity, that is, free bet365 champions league。
"The Paris Manuscript" proposes a concept of bet365 champions league with humanistic significance by critically inheriting Hegel's "abstract bet365 champions league",Laid the foundation for the subsequent creation of a scientific abstract bet365 champions league concept based on historical materialism。Hegel confirmed the ontological significance of bet365 champions league and the constructive significance of bet365 champions league in civil society,Understand people as the products of their own bet365 champions league,Regard bet365 champions league as an intermediary link in the generation of human essence。But in the spiritual philosophy system centered on the absolute idea of the identity of subject and object,The prerequisite of self-awareness abstracts real people,The physical properties set by the externalization of self-awareness abstract the real nature。Due to the dissolution of real people and real nature,Hegel finally turned bet365 champions league as an intermediary activity between humans and nature into a non-objective "abstract logical category"。This shows that in Hegel’s view,Labour is ultimately nothing more than abstraction、The production of absolute thinking,That is, logical and speculative thinking production。Marx called Hegel’s concept of bet365 champions league “abstract spiritual bet365 champions league”,Considering unreality as a fundamental quality of Hegel’s concept of bet365 champions league,This unreality has also become an important connotation of the abstract bet365 champions league discussed by Marx in the "Paris Manuscripts"。Aiming at the unreality of Hegel’s abstract bet365 champions league,Marx absorbed Feuerbach’s principle of perceptual objectivity, that is, the principle of reality, in the “Paris Manuscripts”,Believe that the true existence of ideal people can only be realized in people's perceptual object activities,And embed all unrealistic spiritual bet365 champions league and its products into the real modern industry and make it become human life,Preliminarily proposed an abstract bet365 champions league concept with a humanistic meaning centered on perceptual object activities。
Marx’s understanding of the abstract concept of bet365 champions league in the “Paris Manuscripts” still has the color of Feuerbach’s humanism。Therefore,The abstract bet365 champions league in the "Paris Manuscript" is not yet a theoretical concept with clear connotation and denotation direction。But the "Paris Manuscripts" show the germination of Marx's abstract concept of bet365 champions league,Opened the road to critique the political economy of abstract bet365 champions league,Greed an important ideological embryo for Marx’s construction of a scientific abstract bet365 champions league concept,For the subsequent creation of "Das Kapital" and its manuscripts by Marx, who gave abstract bet365 champions league the ability to create values corresponding to use value、The connotation of "general human bet365 champions league expenditure" that forms the essential definition of value lays the foundation。So,In-depth research on the ideological logic of abstract bet365 champions league proposed by Marx in the "Paris Manuscripts" has important theoretical and practical significance。
(The author is an associate professor at the School of Culture, Tourism and Public Administration, Fujian Normal University)
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