Editor’s note:“One and Many” is the basic question of philosophy，The core difference between "monism" and "pluralism" is，Is the world fundamentally homogeneous or heterogeneous？The world can be understood as a whole，There are still several separate ones、Incommensurable independent domains？bet365 sign up offer as the main contemporary form of "materialism"，Considering that everything that exists is physical，Ultimately it can and should be explained by physical description。Because bet365 sign up offer believes that the world can be explained by a unified physics，So its theory logically includes physical explanations of the human spiritual and ethical fields。Because modern natural science’s neurobiological explanation of human psychological phenomena and ethical behavior is not clear enough and precise enough，bet365 sign up offer is therefore subject to creationism、Idealism、Dualism and the accusations of many schools。

The main theoretical opponents of bet365 sign up offer are the contemporary successors of Descartes’ “body-body dualism”。“Dualists” think，At least the human spirit、Psychological phenomena such as consciousness cannot and need not be understood in physical terms，And beauty is derived from it、Love、The claim that morality and other related human social categories cannot and do not need to be understood as physical phenomena。Facing "physical and mental problems"，bet365 sign up offer can be roughly divided into two schools: reductionism and non-reductionism。Reductionist bet365 sign up offer believes that all psychological phenomena should be reduced to the physical phenomena of the brain for understanding，The extreme position even believes that self-awareness is just an illusory concept；The non-reductionist physicalist position is relatively moderate，It has put the ultimate restoration on hold，Explaining the parallel relationship between psychological phenomena and physical phenomena through the "supervenience" theory。Due to the non-sufficiency and incompleteness of the "supervenience" theory，Contemporary bet365 sign up offer has derived new explanation paradigms such as "second-order properties" and "founding theory"。

The Chinese philosophical community currently pays close theoretical attention to the debates related to bet365 sign up offer，However, there are many introductory theoretical articles in relevant research results，Independent self-assertion is still under theoretical preparation。Recently, ethics scholar Professor Li Yitian published a paper titled "The Challenge of bet365 sign up offer in Modern Virtue Ethics and Its Response"，A systematic critique of the ethical interpretation of bet365 sign up offer，And believes that human virtue ethics cannot and does not need to be reduced to the physical basis。Li Yitian’s criticism is not only a public response to bet365 sign up offer in the Chinese ethics community，It can also be classified into a larger tradition: the resistance of the humanities to the expansion of natural science methods since the 19th century。Deepening the discussion on this issue is an opportunity to promote relevant theoretical research to realize the construction of endogeneity in the Chinese philosophy community。Therefore，We organized two papers around the question of “bet365 sign up offer and Virtue”，Professor Ye Feng is a representative figure of reductionist bet365 sign up offer，He demonstrated morality in the perspective of reductionist bet365 sign up offer、Ethical issues，In his opinion, the methods of natural science can better solve moral and ethical issues。Professor Xu Yingjin starts from the standpoint of non-reductionist bet365 sign up offer，Conducted theoretical discussions with Professor Li Yitian on the harmonious logic of bet365 sign up offer and virtue ethics，And try to find a "republican" balance between natural science methodology and humanities。

　　A physicalistic morality and bet365 sign up offer

Ye Feng

　　Abstract:Physicalists do not believe in supernatural morality、Value truth，But they are not nihilists，They can hold their own morals、Values，You can do it for your own morality、Values ​​in defense，And the bet365 sign up offer of selling yourself to others、Values。Specially，They can accept the values ​​of freedom，And some physicalists believe，The physicalist worldview can be liberal、Diversity and other value principles for better defense。They can also naturally absorb concepts such as "selflessness" and "compassion" in the Eastern Buddhist tradition，Proposes more idealistic values ​​than today’s liberal values、Higher values，Meeting the needs of those who feel that liberal values ​​leave something to be desired。

　　Keywords:bet365 sign up offer Value Morality

Author Ye Feng，Professor, Department of Philosophy, School of Political bet365 sign up offer and Law, Capital Normal University (Beijing 100089)。

　bet365 sign up offer is actually a good friend of virtue ethics—discussing with Professor Li Yitian

Xu Yingjin

　　Abstract:bet365 sign up offer simply refers to the idea that everything that exists in the world is "physical" in some "ultimate" sense。However，bet365 sign up offer simply implies that the "supervenience thesis" is true，But it does not imply that reductionism is true。Rather say，bet365 sign up offer based on the concept of "supervenience"，In the case of further introducing the concept of "multiple realizability"，It allows high-level psychological vocabulary to have some irreducibility。Therefore，There is no need to worry that the introduction of bet365 sign up offer will threaten the "autonomy" of virtue ethics, which is closely related to psychology。Rather say，Cognitive psychology research that is compatible with bet365 sign up offer，It can provide richer empirical details for many specific theoretical achievements of contemporary virtue ethics (although these details are just an explanation，Rather than replacing the specified item)，This makes the relationship between philosophy and empirical science become more friendly。

　　Keywords:Non-reductionist bet365 sign up offer, multiple realizability, virtue ethics, cognitive psychology, supervenience

Author Xu Yingjin，bet365 sign up offer, School of Philosophy, Fudan University (Shanghai 200433)。