■Calcutta spice bet365 mobile stall Information picture

Whenever Chinese people talk about Indian bet365 mobile，The first thing that may come to mind is Assam bet365 mobile。Assam is indeed the cradle of bet365 mobile production in India，The first bet365 mobile plantation established by British colonists in 1837 was born in Chapur, Upper Assam。1840，Assam bet365 mobile Company starts commercial production of bet365 mobile in Assam。The Indian bet365 mobile industry began to develop rapidly，To the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century，Assam has developed into one of the major bet365 mobile producing areas in the world。Both Assam bet365 mobile and Darjeeling bet365 mobile have become important symbols of Indian brand bet365 mobile。

The growth of bet365 mobile trees in Assam can be traced back to ancient times。At that time，Local people consume bet365 mobile，But the amount is very small，And the consumption patterns are also very different from now。It is relatively recent that bet365 mobile has become the national drink of India，After 1960s，With CTC (Crush、Tear、Curl) The emergence and promotion of bet365 mobile，bet365 mobile prices drop sharply，bet365 mobile consumption in India has increased significantly。Currently，India is one of the five countries with the highest per capita consumption of bet365 mobile in the world，More than 70% of the bet365 mobile produced in India is consumed locally。According to a report released by the Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry in December 2011，India consumes nearly 30% of the world’s bet365 mobile production。In addition，India is still the largest bet365 mobile exporter after China。

　　From imperial beverage to national beverage

During the British colonial period，bet365 mobile is regarded as the "Imperial Drink"，The bet365 mobile drinkers in India at that time were mainly British colonists。bet365 mobile and bet365 mobile drinking are "imperial" wealth、A symbol of power and status。Phrases like “The Queen’s Own bet365 mobile” or “The Supreme Drink” are direct reflections of this phenomenon。Following the colonists，India’s new rich elite also imitates the British，Started the bet365 mobile drinking habit。They are completely close to the British in the way they drink bet365 mobile: they dress formally for bet365 mobile gatherings，Exquisite and expensive bet365 mobile sets，The bet365 mobile room is well decorated。This bet365 mobile drinking trend is particularly popular in Bangladesh, which was earlier influenced by Western culture。

Jatindra Dutt describes the complicated procedures and details of bet365 mobile preparation in aristocratic Bengali families in the early 20th century: people would cover the teapot with flannel，To prevent the bet365 mobile soup from getting cold；Some people even use hourglasses to time the bet365 mobile brewing time。In the eyes of ordinary people，This way of drinking bet365 mobile is too complicated，But the nobles enjoy it。Dramatist、Songwriter Devijendra Lal Roy enjoys this life very much，He thinks，Drinking a cup of bet365 mobile every morning is heavenly happiness。

Late 19th century and early 20th century，Not many people drink bet365 mobile in India。There are many people who oppose drinking bet365 mobile。There are many reasons against drinking bet365 mobile，Some are motivated by nationalism，Some for health reasons，Some are based on ethical considerations。In the 1880s，Some people voluntarily gave up drinking bet365 mobile because they opposed the oppression of labor by bet365 mobile plantation owners。Some people think，It is a British conspiracy to let Indians drink bet365 mobile: in order to open up the local sales market，The British knew the addictive nature of bet365 mobile and promoted bet365 mobile to the Indian public for free。Some upstarts think so，Drinking bet365 mobile is harmful to health and is against drinking bet365 mobile，Believe that the irritating ingredients in bet365 mobile will have a bad impact on the brain。

In order to let more Indians accept bet365 mobile，In the 20 years after World War I，Indian bet365 mobile Board launches bet365 mobile promotion campaign，Encourage factories and mines to provide employees with breaks for refreshments，Support bet365 mobile vendors on the railway system to carry out various bet365 mobile drinking demonstrations and free delivery。At the station、Market、Promote bet365 mobile drinks in stores and other occasions，Some promotions and displays will even be held in residents’ homes。Companies and individuals have also made their own contributions in publicizing and promoting bet365 mobile。For example, Lipton Company introduces convenient bagged bet365 mobile for wealthy customers，Brooke and Bond Company introduced bet365 mobile packaged in tin cans in the early 1920s。

　After the 1940s，British colonial rule enters countdown。People began to promote bet365 mobile as a national beverage。Like Anand Munshi when promoting bet365 mobile，Removed elements related to "Empire" in the advertisement，He associated bet365 mobile with the home production movement and the nationalist movement led by Gandhi，bet365 mobile is regarded as an important source of national wealth in India。After India’s independence，bet365 mobile is regarded as the messenger of India’s foreign exchanges，Drinking bet365 mobile has been given a new meaning。bet365 mobile is increasingly becoming a daily beverage for the general public。The content of bet365 mobile advertising has also undergone great changes，More related to the destiny of the country and the happy life of the people: high-quality and affordable products、Happy family、Happy life、Happy Holidays、Messenger of Seasons、Source of inspiration for artists’ creation，etc.。

　　From English bet365 mobile to spiced bet365 mobile

Since modern times，The way bet365 mobile is drunk in India has changed a lot，Different periods、Different regions、Different among different classes and castes。Initially，bet365 mobile companies will tell people what to add and what not to add based on the bet365 mobile drinking habits of a few elites。As in 1853，The bet365 mobile Committee advocates adding salt to bet365 mobile，At that time, adding milk and sugar was occasionally advocated。After World War I，The officially promoted way of drinking bet365 mobile is still British style，Will add a small amount of milk and sugar。The bet365 mobile Board of India initially did not support the practice of bet365 mobile vendors adding spices to bet365 mobile。

Early 1930s，A principal named Subimal Roy based on the spices used、Taste and color of bet365 mobile soup, etc.，Detailed classification of bet365 mobile drinks，And uses naming methods with strong Indian cultural characteristics: such as Baishnav bhogya cha (sweet and harmless milk bet365 mobile，Suitable for devotees of Lord Vishnu)、Hanuman bhogya cha (its strong bet365 mobile is suitable for devotees of the monkey god Hanuman，You can cross the ocean after drinking it)、Janasadharan bhogya cha (a bet365 mobile suitable for ordinary people to drink，Lackluster in terms of taste and quality)。

1940s，The Anjar people in Gujarat are not used to drinking bet365 mobile。People there make bet365 mobile and water、Cook goat milk and sugar together。Pour away the soup after cooking，People will use sugar、Enjoy bet365 mobile soaked in milk and water as a snack。In parts of northern Bangladesh，bet365 mobile is not for drinks，Put it in rice instead，After one night of slight fermentation, it is used as food。Locals mix bet365 mobile with holy basil (Tulsi)、Honey and ginger mixed together，As an “Ayurvedic” medicine to treat coughs and colds。In some areas of northern India, people mix bet365 mobile and milk、Sugar、Bay leaf、Cardamom and other ingredients are boiled together。This practice has many similarities with the spice bet365 mobile practice that is now popular across India。

The main drink of contemporary Indians is "Spice bet365 mobile" (Masala Chai)。The mixture of spices is called karha。Spices added to spice bet365 mobile except ginger and cardamom，There may also be cinnamon、octagonal、fennel、Cumin、Pepper、Nutmeg、Lilac、Red pepper、Coriander、Rose essence, licorice, etc.。Different regions、Different climate conditions、The spices used in different families may vary。But there are generally four basic ingredients: milk、Sugar、Cardamom and Ginger。In Western India，People avoid cloves and black pepper；In Kashmir，People add almonds、Cardamom、Cinnamon、Lilac，Sometimes saffron is added；People living in Bhopal also add some salt。

The bet365 mobile leaves used in spice bet365 mobile are generally strong black bet365 mobile，Like Assam bet365 mobile，In this way，The taste of bet365 mobile soup will not be masked by milk and sugar。Indians generally make spice bet365 mobile with buffalo milk，But in Rajasthan，People use camel milk。Water is usually twice or four times as much as milk。Most people like to add sugar to milk bet365 mobile，With soft white sugar、Brown sugar、Jan sugar、Jaggery、Honey, syrup, etc.。

When preparing spice bet365 mobile，People usually put milk、Water、bet365 mobile leaves and spices are boiled together，When selling bet365 mobile, the residue will be filtered out。There are many processed spices on the market，Can be purchased and used directly，Some bet365 mobile sellers and housewives like to use their own recipes。The preparation of spiced bet365 mobile varies due to different customs in different places。For example，Some families will put in all the ingredients at the beginning，Then bring to a boil，Filter and drink；Some people will continue to simmer for a while after boiling；Some people will boil the bet365 mobile leaves first，Add spices at the end，Just the opposite。

　　From status symbol to lifestyle

Someone said，“There is no bet365 mobile ceremony in India，Drinking bet365 mobile is a way of life for them”。The bet365 mobile sellers all over the streets of India are the best witnesses of the Indian bet365 mobile drinking lifestyle。

Indian bet365 mobile consumption is also related to social stratification。The rich in Bengal at that time were the first to accept bet365 mobile，Drinking bet365 mobile is a way for them to "Westernize" ("Sanskritization" in the colonial context)。Ordinary people drink bet365 mobile much later，This is especially true with the popularity of spice bet365 mobile made from CTC bet365 mobile。Contemporary rich people tend to drink green bet365 mobile and coffee，They like to go to high-end places to drink expensive bet365 mobile。Compared to ordinary Indians who drink many cups of spiced bet365 mobile every day，Rich people drink less bet365 mobile，Some of them drink milk bet365 mobile instead of spiced bet365 mobile，And will drink at a specific time，For example, in the morning and four or five o'clock in the afternoon，They inherited the British habit of drinking afternoon bet365 mobile。Afternoon bet365 mobile is usually paired with various snacks，Such as samosas, etc.。This is also a combination of British culture and Indian food traditions。

The formation of every culture has its underlying reasons。India’s bet365 mobile drinking culture is no exception。By sorting out the history of Indian bet365 mobile drinking culture，We will find out，There are many factors that influence India’s bet365 mobile drinking culture，Both historical and political and economic factors，There are also social and cultural traditional factors。Initially due to high price，bet365 mobile drinking was restricted to British colonists and a few rich people in India。The way of drinking bet365 mobile is also "British"。After India’s independence，With the transformation of bet365 mobile’s “national identity”，The number of bet365 mobile drinkers has increased significantly，Spice bet365 mobile has become the “national drink”。

We can see from the popularity of spiced bet365 mobile in India，The black bet365 mobile + milk + sugar bet365 mobile drinking method promoted by the British has not been generally accepted by the Indian public。Ordinary Indians still like spice bet365 mobile with unique Indian tradition and flavor。Spice bet365 mobile was born in the Indian medical tradition "Ayurveda"。Since ancient times，Indians are good at utilizing the medicinal properties of various plants and spices。When asked about the origin of spiced bet365 mobile in India，Many people will answer that it is “grandma’s bet365 mobile”。In terms of tradition，Grandma is the housekeeper of the family，When a family member is sick，Or to prevent illness，Grandma will boil a pot of plant roots or seeds for everyone to drink。

Various spices used in Indian spice bet365 mobile are useful in treating colds、Promote digestion、Benefits in treating lung disease and other diseases。These family recipes are passed down from mother to daughter or daughter-in-law，Pass it on to your granddaughter or granddaughter，It can spread from generation to generation for hundreds of years or even longer。The combination of spices and bet365 mobile becomes a bet365 mobile drink with unique Indian characteristics。bet365 mobile sellers are widely spread in urban and rural India，Explanation that spiced bet365 mobile is the real “national drink”，On the one hand, it is in line with India’s eating habits and climate characteristics，On the other hand, it is related to the invention and promotion of CTC bet365 mobile。CTC bet365 mobile is cheap，Almost all Indians can afford it。

　For India’s long history of food culture，bet365 mobile drinking culture is a new thing。But Indian bet365 mobile drinking culture is the best witness to India’s modern history: it has witnessed the growth of the Indian bet365 mobile industry from a pillar industry under Western colonial rule to one of India’s most important foreign exchange-earning industries；Witnessed the identity transformation from "imperial drink" to "national drink"；Witnessed the integration of local cultural traditions and foreign cultures；Witnessed the transformation of Indian food consumption culture，It is a window for us to understand India。

　　(Author’s unit: Department of History, Renmin University of China、Institute of bet365 mobile Ceremony Philosophy）