bet365 cricket odds: The Soul of the Forbidden City Complex
June 27, 2019 08:46 Source: "Chinese Social Sciences Journal" Issue 1722, June 27, 2019 Author: Tan Yao

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The bet365 cricket odds is hung on the door screen as decoration,Can reflect the name and nature of the building,Express people’s principles and emotions at the same time。Generally speaking,The bet365 cricket odds is located on the eaves outside the house and in the center of the room,This is the artistic expression of "Shangzhong" culture in the bet365 cricket odds。The bet365 cricket odds contains the calligraphy of traditional Chinese culture、Seal cutting、The integration of architecture and art,Known as “the soul of ancient architecture”。

 Origin of the bet365 cricket odds

The bet365 cricket odds is referred to as bet365 cricket odds,In ancient times, "bet365 cricket odds" was written as "bian"。Xu Shen's "Shuowen Jiezi" of the Han Dynasty explained "Bian" as follows: "Bian,Department,From household registration。Registered person,The gate of the department。”

The custom of plaques originated from the ancients’ emphasis on doors。In ancient times,The gate is called "Hengmen",It is a kind of territory mark,Some ethnic minorities in my country still retain the custom of placing prey on Hengmen as their territory。When a tribe develops into a country,The logo on Hengmen has also been simplified into text,Became the country’s name。The name of the Shang Dynasty was Shang,The oracle bone script writing of the word "Shang" is very similar to the bird sacrifice placed on the Hengmen。King Wen of Zhou built a platform to worship heaven,Named "Lingtai",It can be said to be the prototype of a bet365 cricket odds in the history of our country。

Since Qin Shihuang unified the six kingdoms,The bet365 cricket odds in the true sense was promulgated and implemented as an important national system。Qin's "Kuaiji Stone Carvings" records: "Qin Sheng came to court,Begin to determine the sentence name,Old chapter。"The "explicit chapter",Established the status and mission of the bet365 cricket odds。The calligraphy styles of the Qin Dynasty were designated as eight types,That is, Dazhuan、Xiao Zhuan、Engraved Talisman、Insect Book、Copy、Signature、殳书 and official script。Signature book is also called list book,This is the font used to write plaques。The bet365 cricket odds was conceived in the pre-Qin Dynasty,Groced up in Han and Wei dynasties,Grown up in the Tang and Song Dynasties,Popular in Ming and Qing Dynasties。

 Classification of bet365 cricket odds

First, different characters。In the Forbidden City,"No door without a bet365 cricket odds,No palace, no forehead”,The bet365 cricket odds reflects the changes of the times。When Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty established his capital in Beijing,"The number of his palace cards,All Zhu Kongyang’s pen”。A bet365 cricket odds inscribed by Zhu Kongyang for the Ming Dynasty Palace,Of course in Chinese。The Imperial Palace in the Early Qing Dynasty,The palace names mostly follow the old names of the Ming Dynasty,But the bet365 cricket odds is changed to full、Mongolian、Inscribed in three Chinese characters。Before the Qing Emperor Nurhachi ordered people to create Manchu script,Manchu only has language,No text,Used Mongolian as the official text。Manchu is also created based on the Mongolian alphabet。Thirteenth year of Shunzhi (1657),Edict issued by Emperor Shunzhi,"The bet365 cricket odds in the Imperial Ancestral Temple stops writing Mongolian characters,Only written with Chinese characters”。Afterwards,The Mongolian characters on the palace plaques are gradually cancelled。But there are exceptions,For example, the plaques in the Cining Palace area are still full、Mongolian、Inscribed in three Chinese characters。

February 12, 1912,The last emperor bet365 cricket odds Qing Dynasty, Puyi, abdicated。According to the "Conditions for Preferential Treatment of House Clearance",Puyi can continue to live in the inner court part bet365 cricket odds Forbidden City,This area is full of plaques、The combined Chinese and Chinese texts remain unchanged,Saved until now。

The second is different shapes。The format of plaques in the Forbidden City is basically two types: horizontal plaques and vertical plaques,The choice of horizontal and vertical plaques depends on the specific conditions of the building。There is a component in ancient Chinese architecture called Dougong,It is located under the eaves,supporting the eaves,Make it tall and profound。Before Tang and Song Dynasties,This part of the Dougong structure is very majestic and tall,It accounts for a large proportion of the overall height of the building,Equivalent to one-third or one-quarter of the eaves column。Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties,The proportion of the bracket structure is gradually reduced,Only equivalent to one-fifth or one-fifth or one-eighty-nineth of the eaves pillars。In other words,The height from the top of the column to the eaves is getting lower and lower,The vertical bet365 cricket odds cannot be placed at this time,Suitable for hanging horizontal plaques。However,Tall buildings in the Forbidden City still use vertical plaques,To show his high status、Exalted level。

The third is different materials。From the material point of view,Plaques are basically made of wood、Three textures: stone and metal。In the Forbidden City,Most plaques are wooden,With camphor wood、Mostly fine woods such as 涶木 and nanmu,Relatively speaking,Wooden plaques can better reflect the skill and skill of the person who inscribed them。Stone bet365 cricket odds is difficult to engrave,Heavy material,Its use is not common。Metal plaques are usually made of gold、Copper for edging,The gold characters on the bet365 cricket odds need to be covered with gold foil。It was recorded in the "Current Rules for Engraving Plaques in Wuying Hall" of the Qing Dynasty,The surface of the royal pen bet365 cricket odds must be painted in pink oil and cyan,The gold characters above need to be gold foil,A gold character measuring one foot and eight inches,588 pieces of gold foil required。

The fourth is different approaches。Classified by practice,The plaques can be divided into Douzi plaques、Dragon carving bet365 cricket odds、Flat bet365 cricket odds、Qingse bet365 cricket odds、Lace bet365 cricket odds、Ruyi bet365 cricket odds、Zhijuan bet365 cricket odds, etc.。In the Forbidden City,The Douzi bet365 cricket odds is most commonly used for important buildings on the central axis。Because its cross section resembles the bucket used to weigh rice in ancient times,So named Douzibian。In ancient buildings,Douzibian occupies an important position,Please ask for permission during installation,Also sent ministers to offer sacrifices。

Depending on the difference in frame technology,Douzi bet365 cricket odds can be divided into Ruyi cloud pattern Dou bet365 cricket odds and relief cloud and dragon Dou bet365 cricket odds。Ruyi moiré bet365 cricket odds refers to a bet365 cricket odds with Ruyi patterns or moirés on its surrounding frame,Simple and elegant style、Simple and elegant,Mostly hung in the first three halls、House Three Palace Area。The embossed Yunlong Dou bet365 cricket odds refers to a bet365 cricket odds with graceful relief sculptures of Yunlong in its surrounding frame,solemn and gorgeous style、Noble and exquisite,Mostly hung in Ningshou Palace、Jianfu Palace, Chonghua Palace and other areas。

  The art of calligraphy on bet365 cricket odds

Fei Ying of the Ming Dynasty wrote in "The Big Book and Long Sayings","The name on the bet365 cricket odds is not elegant but not written",It can be seen from this,Calligraphy is the most intuitive art for plaques。The composition of the bet365 cricket odds includes the above paragraph、The following paragraph and the three parts of the bet365 cricket odds,Some only have plaques,No upper or lower styles。The fonts are mostly block letters、running script、official script,Divided into two types: negative engraving and positive engraving,Most of them are black and gold。Intaglio refers to the strokes of calligraphy characters being recessed from the board surface of the bet365 cricket odds,The engraved characters protrude from the board。Relatively speaking,Intaglio engraving is more labor-saving,Chinese engraving is more labor-intensive。

In the Forbidden City,The words on the bet365 cricket odds were mostly written by the emperor,Mainly large character calligraphy,The whole structure is tightly laid out。For example,A bet365 cricket odds with the words "Upright and Bright" written by Emperor Shunzhi hangs high in the Qianqing Palace,The bet365 cricket odds "Inaction" written by Emperor Kangxi hangs high in the Jiaotai Hall,A bet365 cricket odds with the words "Zhongzheng Renhe" written by Emperor Yongzheng hangs high in the Yangxin Hall,The bet365 cricket odds "Jianji Suiyou" written by Emperor Qianlong hangs high in the Hall of Supreme Harmony。Most of these words come from Confucian classics,Symbolizing the emperor’s supreme status,At the same time, it demonstrates his important thoughts on governing the country。

 The value of the bet365 cricket odds

As an indispensable artistic element of traditional architecture,Plaques can be used to identify building names,actual function of guidance,Often plays the finishing touch in architecture。The Forbidden City is a huge royal palace complex,In order to accurately indicate the orientation of the building,You must use a bet365 cricket odds to name the building。

"Studying history with plaques,Can Zuowang;Study the Tao with a bet365 cricket odds,Can get Tao Eye;Learning books with plaques,You can get the pen marrow。”This is the best portrayal of the cultural and historical value of the bet365 cricket odds。bet365 cricket odds is a unique cultural symbol,It is a mirror that reflects history and culture,Is evidence of witnessing dynasty changes and environmental changes。Via bet365 cricket odds Culture,People can delve deeper into the profound Forbidden City culture。

 (Author’s Affiliation: Palace Museum)

Editor: Zhang Yueying
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