Comprehensive island bet365 sign up offer is the resources of islands and surrounding waters under national jurisdiction、Based on the overall interests of the environment，Pass the formulation and implementation of relevant legislation、Policy、Zoning and other bet365 sign up offer measures，Organizational coordination、Comprehensively balance the relationship between all parties in the development and utilization of islands，To safeguard national territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests，Protect the ecological environment of the island and surrounding sea areas，The purpose of rationally developing island resources。The "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Island Protection" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan") pointed out，Integrated island bet365 sign up offer based on ecosystems has become the development trend of global island protection and bet365 sign up offer，Proposed a phased goal to achieve new progress in my country’s comprehensive island bet365 sign up offer capabilities by 2020。Since the implementation of the "Island Protection Law" in 2010，my country has implemented comprehensive bet365 sign up offer of uninhabited islands，The use and protection of inhabited islands are divided into responsibilities by different departments。The newly established Ministry of Natural Resources in 2018 is responsible for the implementation of land ownership by all people、Minerals、Responsibilities of owners of various natural resource assets such as forests，Implementing overall supervision over the development, utilization and protection of natural resources。At this time，The bet365 sign up offer mechanism of my country’s inhabited islands and uninhabited islands should be integrated，Based on scientific legislation，Strengthening comprehensive island bet365 sign up offer。

　　Comprehensive island bet365 sign up offer embodies the concept of systematic governance and sustainable utilization。The island is land but surrounded by ocean，It is a natural resource but also a part of the ocean。Integrated island bet365 sign up offer is to consider all issues related to island resources and environmental bet365 sign up offer within the framework of integrated ocean bet365 sign up offer，Form an all-round governance system。Since the 1980s，The idea of ​​integrated marine bet365 sign up offer based on ecosystems has gradually become the mainstream of marine resource bet365 sign up offer，The United Nations’ Agenda 21 clearly states that “the marine environment, including the ocean and its adjacent coastal areas, constitutes an environmental whole，Conservation and bet365 sign up offer require an integrated approach”。The 1995 Jakarta Mandate on marine and coastal biodiversity recommended that countries widely adopt various ecosystem bet365 sign up offer approaches，Propose a marine ecosystem method by monitoring and estimating ecosystem health，Promote integrated ocean bet365 sign up offer，Realizing sustainable use and biodiversity of marine and coastal ecosystems。The 2018 United Nations Secretary-General’s report on Oceans and the Law of the Sea emphasized again，"Ocean Space Issues，Including challenges in the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans and their resources，Closely related to each other，Need to pass unification、Interdisciplinary、Cross-departmental approach to holistic consideration”，To this end, “cooperation and coordination must be strengthened，And adopt comprehensive bet365 sign up offer methods，To balance society、The relationship between economy and environment”。

　　The utilization, protection and bet365 sign up offer of islands in our country are based on the public ownership of natural resources。The land ownership system of inhabited islands includes state ownership and collective ownership，Uninhabited islands are owned by the state，The State Council exercises ownership of uninhabited islands on behalf of the country。The right to use uninhabited islands exists as an independent type of use right，Inhabited islands are divided according to the types of natural resources，Establish separate land use rights based on different natural resources on the island、Forest use rights、Right to use water resources、Tidal flat use rights, etc.。Since the implementation of the "Island Protection Law"，Our country has implemented comprehensive bet365 sign up offer of uninhabited islands，According to Article 5, Paragraph 2 of the Act，The use and protection of uninhabited islands are the responsibility of the marine authorities，Including registration of rights to use uninhabited islands、Development and utilization approval, etc.。The utilization and protection of inhabited island resources are managed by multiple departments，The supervision and bet365 sign up offer of the ecological protection of inhabited islands by the national marine administrative department is limited to beaches or intertidal zones，The resource utilization and environmental protection of the island beach or the inward extension of the intertidal zone shall be the responsibility of other departments。Because the bet365 sign up offer of inhabited islands involves the natural resources department、Agricultural Department、Water Conservancy Department and many other departments，The utilization and protection of island resources lacks coordination and legal restraint mechanism for information sharing。Due to intertwined interests, administrative decisions and implementation of island bet365 sign up offer with residents are affected，It is difficult to achieve the desired governance effect，It is urgent to integrate the comprehensive bet365 sign up offer system for the utilization and protection of inhabited islands and uninhabited islands。

　　Improving the comprehensive bet365 sign up offer level of my country’s islands based on ecosystem。Island natural resources are systematic、Basic and other characteristics，The "Plan" requires that "the idea of ​​'ecology+' should be integrated into the entire process of island protection，Establish and improve an integrated island bet365 sign up offer system based on the ecosystem”。Constructing comprehensive island bet365 sign up offer based on the idea of ​​"ecology +"，Need to strengthen island system bet365 sign up offer，Transition of bet365 sign up offer model from social bet365 sign up offer to social governance。The traditional linear bet365 sign up offer model led by the government cannot provide effective explanations and solutions to complex island bet365 sign up offer issues。Increase the coordination and synergy of the island comprehensive bet365 sign up offer system，We must promote cooperative governance，Achieve cooperation and co-governance of multiple subjects，Island governance through the rule of law，Promote an open system、Construction of systems such as social consultation system and responsibility system，Further improve the integrated level of island bet365 sign up offer，Keep the island land、Minerals、Forest、Coordination of bet365 sign up offer of various resources such as wild animals and plants，Improve the systematicness and effectiveness of bet365 sign up offer。

　　Enhance the scope and level of centralized and unified bet365 sign up offer of islands.In terms of the ecological attributes of the island，Are there any residents on the island?，With the integrity of the island ecosystem、There is no direct relationship between cross-administrative regions and diversity of use，The development and utilization of different types of island resources involve ecological and environmental protection issues。Department and administrative division，The complete island ecosystem is artificially divided，Obvious overlap and fragmentation，Having affected the performance of ecological protection function。Therefore，Based on the forest、Geological Relics、Paleontological remains、Wild animals、Carry out separate bet365 sign up offer of environmental factors such as wild plants to protect the environment of inhabited islands，Adopt a divide and conquer bet365 sign up offer model，Neither scientific nor reasonable；Therefore, it should be based on respecting the integrity of the marine ecosystem，Include inhabited island nature reserves into the scope of the natural resources authorities，To improve the fragmentation caused by different departments managing different areas、Power conflict situation。

　Formulate comprehensive legislation to govern the use, protection and bet365 sign up offer of islands.Integrated island bet365 sign up offer is a participatory process of decision-making，Maintain stability and institutionalize the decision-making participation process，It needs to be supported by legislation。In the process of seeking harmony between the legislative values ​​of island utilization and protection，Utilization and protection present the relationship between value variables in behavioral patterns，That is, the use of the island is "conditional" use，The protection of islands does not mean prioritizing extreme environmental values，There is no constant value order for island utilization and protection。The value trade-off between utilization and protection cannot transcend the island’s legal status as national territory，The coordination relationship between the use and protection of ancient islands，In fact, it is in the process of realizing the national maritime strategy，Dynamic sorting of island values，Instead of the legal basis for implementing the legislative model of separate island bet365 sign up offer。Although the "Island Protection Law" is called "Island Protection"，But the content also involves the use and bet365 sign up offer of the island，Tendency to codify。Since the "Island Protection Law" came into effect，Comprehensive island bet365 sign up offer is continuously strengthened，The comprehensive legislative model for island utilization, protection and bet365 sign up offer has established an institutional foundation。The way to formulate separate laws on the use, protection and bet365 sign up offer of islands，It is no longer in line with my country’s general trend of actively promoting integrated ocean bet365 sign up offer，Promote comprehensive legislation on island bet365 sign up offer，Practical and feasible。

　　Implement the principle of risk prevention in the legislation on comprehensive island bet365 sign up offer.bet365 sign up offer priority does not equal risk prevention，The "Plan" points out when stipulating the principle of "bet365 sign up offer first"，“Follow respect for nature、Follow nature、Requirements to protect nature，Mainly natural restoration，Promote ecological restoration and improvement，Strengthening the bet365 sign up offer of special-purpose islands，Maintain the integrity and safety of the island ecosystem”。The "Plan" is the implementation of the "Island bet365 sign up offer Law"，The interpretation of the bet365 sign up offer priority principle in the "Plan" reflects the meaning of the bet365 sign up offer priority principle in the "Island bet365 sign up offer Law"。Adopt the principle of “prevention first” for environmental damage that can be scientifically determined，Adopt the principle of “bet365 sign up offer first” for environmental risks that cannot be scientifically determined for the time being。Therefore，The "bet365 sign up offer first" principle does not fully cover risk prevention。In order to integrate the connotation of the principles of “prevention first” and “bet365 sign up offer first”，The "Island bet365 sign up offer Law" must be based on the importance of island ecosystem service functions and the laws of spatial differentiation of ecological sensitivity，Establish risk prevention principles，To supervise and manage possible risks to the island’s ecological environment，Try to avoid or mitigate the resulting damage。

　　Establish a comprehensive island bet365 sign up offer and coordination organization at the top-level design level.2013，To strengthen the overall planning and comprehensive coordination of maritime affairs，The State Council’s institutional reform and functional transformation plan is proposed，Establish a high-level discussion and coordination body, the National Oceanic Commission，Responsible for researching and formulating national marine development strategy，Coordinate major marine matters。Based on this，An island comprehensive bet365 sign up offer working group can be added under the National Oceanic Commission，Adopt a bureaucratic coordination mechanism，The internal connection of the mechanism is based on the autonomous coordination mechanism。In terms of internal coordination among working group members，Autonomous coordination mechanism should be used，By establishing an information sharing platform，Realize information sharing between government departments and between government and scientific research institutions，Formation of electronic information network governance by enhancing information exchange，Promote consensus on comprehensive island bet365 sign up offer and effectively avoid repetitive collection of information and waste of administrative resources。In terms of island comprehensive bet365 sign up offer organization and coordination，Establish goal-oriented departmental division of labor and collaboration。First，Negotiate and set common goals。In the setting stage of common goals，Give full play to the subjective initiative of each functional department，Under the guidance of government leadership agencies or institutional rules，Through communication and consultation，Based on sincere cooperation，Start from the overall situation of the transaction，Develop shared bet365 sign up offer goals and supervision strategies，Prevent some functional departments from seeking special interests of the department in the name of bet365 sign up offer affairs。Second，Conduct supervisory activities centered on common goals。In the target implementation phase，All relevant functional departments should establish various forms of collaboration mechanisms，Contact from specific scope of authority、Workflow connection、Information exchange and sharing、Cooperation in specific aspects such as complementary technical measures。Third，Determine the bet365 sign up offer rights of specific matters。Passed functional department business process review，Changing the overlapping functions of various functional bet365 sign up offer agencies，Allow only one functional organization to manage each matter，Make sure there is no overlapping of organizations、No duplication of business。When the behavior of a certain functional department may affect the common goal of the affairs，The coordinating organization must be consulted，To achieve overall planning。

　　(Author’s affiliation: Institute of International bet365 sign up offer, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)