The Communist Party of China and the Chinese people are “not only good at destroying an old world，Also good at building a new world”。Harbin is the earliest big city liberated under the leadership bet365 refer a friend code Communist Party of China，The practice of its rule of law construction is a typical representative bet365 refer a friend code rule of law construction bet365 refer a friend code democratic regime established under the leadership bet365 refer a friend code Communist Party of China in urban liberated areas，From rural to urban、An important transition from region to country，It is also a way to break the old order in the construction of urban rule of law、Bold exploration to establish a new order。The exploration bet365 refer a friend code rule of law in "removing the old and establishing the new" in the Harbin Liberated Area provides valuable experience for the liberation of other cities and the construction bet365 refer a friend code rule of law after the founding of New China。

　　Educate and transform "bet365 refer a friend code employees" and cultivate and select "new youth"

Talent team building is an important guarantee for the construction bet365 refer a friend code rule of law。Early period of urban liberation，Chinese Communists still lack experience in urban management，Shortage of legal talents，Therefore, a combination of boldly retaining "old employees" and focusing on selecting "new youth" was adopted to make up for the lack of talent。

Issues regarding the disposal of old employees，There has been controversy within the Chinese Communist Party since the end of 1945: on the one hand，According to the Marxist-Leninist national doctrine of “thoroughly smashing the old state machinery”，Advocates the removal of all old personnel when establishing a new regime；On the other hand，Due to insufficient cadre strength、Insufficient experience in urban management，Advocates the expedient method of relying on old personnel to consolidate and establish a new regime。Until 1949，In order to ensure the complete reception and smooth takeover of big cities such as Beijing and Tianjin，Comrade Mao Zedong put an end to the debate on the above issue by proposing the policy of “employment” for old employees。Exploration of tracing the "contracting down" policy，The Chinese Communist Party’s retention of old employees after the liberation of Harbin、Education and transformation are the earliest attempts。Take Harbin Liberated District People’s Court as an example，When President Shao Tianren took over the old Puppet Manchuria Court on August 23, 1946，In the spirit of “hostility to democratic regimes、Personnel lacking work ability was cleaned，The principle of retaining those with better performance among the old court personnel，Removed 89 people including Yang Jiemin, the president bet365 refer a friend code old court，Retained 59 old employees。In order to complete the education and transformation of retained personnel，Chinese Communist Party adopted training center、Training classes and political learning, etc.，The content of study mainly focuses on revolutionary theory，The main textbook I studied was Mao Zedong's "Chinese Revolution and the Communist Party of China"、Fan Wenlan "Modern History of China"、Mao Zedong's "Study and Current Situation"、Northeast Daily published a collection of editorials "On the War Situation"。After education reform，Eliminate the retained personnel’s illusions about Chiang Kai-shek’s regime，Give them a correct understanding bet365 refer a friend code Chinese Communist Party，Be able to consciously apply the party’s policies to work。Harbin Liberated District Court requires judicial skills、Personnel who have no previous reactionary behavior or misdeeds，Generally, it will not be cut but will be retained，Implemented the “package” policy。This policy directly guided the subsequent work of censoring old personnel and new intellectuals in liberated cities，Played a key role in quickly stabilizing urban order，was fixed by the party as urban work experience in the 1951 "Correct Interpretation bet365 refer a friend code Policy of "Recruiting" Old Personnel"。

On the issue of cultivating new talents，The democratic regime bet365 refer a friend code Harbin Liberated Area adopts the employment principle of “preferring shortage to excess”，With "History is clear (before and after September 18th"，After liberation)、Good ingredients；Don’t be too old；Simple social relationship；Practical style，Good relations with the masses” is the selection criterion，In "workers、Student、Shop clerks and other activists” were selected，After three batches of cultivation，Selected a large number of "new youth" to serve the construction of democratic regime。

Experience in transforming “old staff” and cultivating and selecting “new youth” in education in Harbin Liberated Area，Comrade Zhang Wentian gave high praise in his work report，He believes that although the old staff worked under the Japanese and puppet rule，But they are not all hostile forces，Cannot “all go to the side bet365 refer a friend code hostile forces”，“They should be won over”；When selecting new employees, you must “come from the masses”。This policy and experience was learned and referenced by major cities that were subsequently liberated。

　Abolition of “bet365 refer a friend code laws” and creation of “new laws”

February 22, 1949，The Central Committee bet365 refer a friend code Communist Party of China issued the "Instructions on Abolition bet365 refer a friend code Six Laws bet365 refer a friend code Kuomintang and Determination of Judicial Principles in the Liberated Areas"，Clearly abolished the legal effect bet365 refer a friend code Kuomintang’s “Six Legal Books”。Before this，Although the Central Committee bet365 refer a friend code Communist Party of China has not issued a specific decree on the repeal bet365 refer a friend code old law，However, in the Harbin Liberated Area, except for some civil cases, the laws bet365 refer a friend code Republic of China that do not conflict with the revolutionary laws are appropriately invoked，Other regulations that can be newly promulgated、Where policies replace laws, new policies and regulations are applicable。The abolition bet365 refer a friend code "old law" was completed in three stages。From liberation to before the Northeast Administrative Council promulgated the "Instructions on Judicial Administration and Organization Issues" on October 16, 1946，Because a stable order has not yet been established，Does not have the conditions to carry out legislative activities，The "old law" can only be applied temporarily。On October 16, 1946, the Northeast Administrative Council promulgated the "Instructions on Judicial Administration and Organizational Issues"，If some “new laws” are promulgated, the “new laws” will apply，In areas where no “new law” has been promulgated, the “old law” shall be applied in accordance with legal principles。On February 22, 1949, the Central Committee bet365 refer a friend code Communist Party of China issued the "Instructions on Abolition bet365 refer a friend code Kuomintang's Six Laws and Determination of Judicial Principles in the Liberated Areas"，Explicitly abolished the legal validity bet365 refer a friend code "Six Laws Complete Book" bet365 refer a friend code Republic of China，The "Old Law" is officially abolished。

　The promulgation bet365 refer a friend code “new law” did not happen overnight。The democratic regime in the Harbin Liberated Area promulgated very few "new laws" from April to June 1946，The "new law" was concentrated in July 1946、August、September、The four months of October and the year 1947、Promulgated in 1948。Constitutional documents were promulgated in July 1946，Considering economic regulations from August to October、Public Security Regulations；1947 to 1948 is the law、The stage when a large number of legal documents are issued，Politics、Economy、Public Security、The judiciary has been consolidated and developed。To 1949，Although the regulations are still lacking in systematicity，But it meets the requirements of revolutionary rule of law、Legal norms that adapt to the characteristics bet365 refer a friend code city have been created，The "new democratic and legal" order is gradually taking shape。

　　Breaking the “bet365 refer a friend code order” and establishing a “new order”

Early days of Harbin’s liberation，Democratic regime faces decline in people’s livelihood、Soaring prices、Social conditions where bandits are rampant，It is obviously inappropriate to place too much emphasis on the formalization and systematization bet365 refer a friend code construction of judicial institutions，Completely break up the old judiciary、There are no conditions for getting rid of all the old judicial personnel and "starting from scratch" to establish a new judicial system。Therefore，The establishment of a new judicial order is also carried out gradually。1946，In order to quickly stabilize public security order，The Harbin Liberated District Court heard a typical counter-revolutionary case in a public trial，Cooperate with public opinion during the public trial to let the masses understand the party’s policies，Achieved the effect of stabilizing order。From 1947 to 1948, the masses gradually established trust in the democratic regime，The court focused on the struggle and punishment of "habitual gangsters", "feudal remnants", "illegal capitalists (profiteers)" and "illegal cadres"，Not only eliminates the harm caused by the feudal remnants bet365 refer a friend code old society to the people，dispelled the idea of ​​violators taking advantage bet365 refer a friend code "new law"，And in the process of punishing illegal cadres, it has established a fair judicial image bet365 refer a friend code democratic regime。

In the process of urban rule of law construction in Harbin Liberated Area，Chinese Communists creatively apply the basic principles of Marxism to the practice of rule of law in urban revolutionary base areas，Complete "Destroy the Old World、Exploration bet365 refer a friend code rule of law to build a new world，This is an important experiment in the transformation from revolutionary rule of law to constructive rule of law，It is of great significance to the establishment bet365 refer a friend code legal system and the choice bet365 refer a friend code path bet365 refer a friend code rule of law after the founding of New China。

(This article is a phased result bet365 refer a friend code innovative scientific research project of Heilongjiang University graduate students “Research on the Special Regional Judicial Office of Eastern Province during the Republic of China” (YJSCX2020-001HLJU)

(Author’s unit: Heilongjiang University bet365 refer a friend code School)