Big data makes social credit legislation possible
December 22, 2021 09:19 Source: "Chinese Social Sciences" December 22, 2021 Total 2314 Author: Jia Shaoqi

Adjustment of social credit legislation is social credit information,Standardize its collection、Disclosure、Use,Therefore,Social credit laws can essentially be said to be the social credit information management law。For social credit information,The definition of the "Shanghai Social Credit Regulations" is "available to identify、Analysis、Determine information of the main body of the information、Objective data and information of the performance status "。Other places are similar,Both the characteristics of "data and information"。This means,Social credit information is not limited to structured data,More popular,Document、Picture、Video and other non -structured data can be used as a source or carrier of social credit information。With the development of network technology、The prosperity of e -commerce and the rise of social media,Non -structural data gradually occupies the main position in the torrent of data。Non -structured data forms are diverse、Structural changes、Update fast、Enrich information,When it is formed, it will make major challenges to the storage and processing of data: storage must be complete and timely、Analysis must be comprehensive with details,These are the traditional two -dimensional table structures that cannot be achieved,But is the core area of ​​big data applications。

Legislation to regulate social credit information is to use reasonably,Its performance is credit service,And any credit service is based on credit evaluation。Credit evaluation is a subjective evaluation based on the credit information of credit information,The key is to predict the individual's transaction risk and repayment capability。Bet365 app download This personalized prediction is increasingly based on the analysis of correlation,Discovery because of credit service providers,The macro direction obtained by cause and effect analysis is limited for personal credit services,What is really determined is individual prediction,And it only needs to answer "What"。So,From causality to correlation,It is the analysis of the correlation based on the big data technology that is based on the combined database.。Big data runs through the collection of information、Disclosure、Use,The data basis has laid the data for the management of social credit information,Provided technical means,so that the outside world can evaluate personal credit status,In this sense, the return of "acquaintance society",so that credit legislation is possible。

The acceleration of the global digital process has made big data a popular topic in recent years,Although there are many domestic remarks,But the concept hype。Just like "Internet+" is interpreted as "+Internet","Big Data" is also often equivalent to "Data Big"。But in fact,Big data is anything that people can do on the basis of large -scale data,The change it brings is not reflected in the machine or technology of analyzing data,and how the data itself and we use data: from sampling to the whole、From accuracy to mixed、From correlation to causality。Quick this,The impact of big data on social credit legislation is far more than just possible。

In terms of information collection,Due to big data technology, massive data acquisition,In the past, in order to deal with information collection difficulties,It aims to obtain the random sampling of the most information with the least data, so it loses meaning。That's why,The collection of social credit information does not matter sampling,It should pay attention to the confirmation of the source of information and the size of the information scale,Because in big data,The accuracy of a single bet365 best casino games data is no longer an object worthy of pursuing,Analysis model requires all data or as much data as possible,This requires the source of information to be as diverse as possible,The content of the information should be as complete as possible,The larger the data scale, the better。Based on this,The collection of social credit information shall follow the "comprehensive collection" principle,Including three layers: first,From the perspective of big data technology,The source of information should be diverse,But the stability and predictability of the law must be confirmed and made public in advance。For the tension between the two,Evisable alleviating,On the basis of regularly announced the statutory information source directory,Allow individuals and organizations to propose new information sources,But it needs to be reviewed by legitimacy、Evaluation Theory、Hearing or publicly soliciting social opinions,Finally released in the form of a supplementary list。Second,The content of the collected information is as complete as possible,But it should be limited to the purpose of collection,For this,It can be issued specific standards or guidance from the relevant authorities of legislation。third,Information must be collected according to law,Including the scope of not involving the prohibition of law and in accordance with legal procedures。

During the disclosure of information,The increasing maturity of correlation analysis makes big data anti -vagueization、Anti -anonymous,This means "third eye" that exists everywhere,Like the famous "invisible hand" in the market,concealed but truly affects all aspects of people's lives。Effective data blurring and anonymous processing in the past became "three hundred and two silver here" in the era of big data,If a sensational American online (AOL) technology bet365 best casino games event、Nanfei Company invading privacy cases, etc.。Although my country ’s application of big data is currently relatively primary,But there is no doubt that,The era of big data has arrived,It is the best choice that is in line with the current status and future development trends with "disclosure"。This principle also contains three layers of meaning: first,Since it is fuzzy and anonymous,,So the information should be disclosed in the original version of the unparalleled process,and use real name。Second,In protecting national security、Business Secret、Legal exceptions of personal privacy,The scope of the prohibited disclosure should be expanded from the past single data to the data chain,Analysis of cutting correlation。third,Considering that the collected social credit information is essentially the information that individuals or organizations have been disclosed or should be made public in accordance with the law,Therefore, in principle, do not accept confidential requests,But considering the objective existence of original information or public behavior harms national security、Business Secret、Possibility of personal privacy,Therefore, it should be given to establish an objection complaint system and the freezing mechanism during the review period。

As far as information is used,In view of the self -expansion attributes and data dictatorship of big data,Therefore, "security" should be the first in the design of information use specifications。The core of this so -called "safe use" is to properly handle big data technology development and individual (including natural person、Legal person、illegal organization) The relationship between rights protection,Especially in the field of privacy protection that has received much attention。Internet privacy protection has long relied on a variety of license agreements,Take the "Personal Decision" bet365 live casino games mode。But the problem lies in,Personal decision is based on knowledge,and big data (at least theoretically) unlimited possibility,Makes data users unable to exist all the useful use,Make a clear explanation and explanation to the collection objects in advance。Case proof of the actual application of countless big data,Many data are unintentionally used as other uses when they are collected,But in the end, a lot of innovative second or multiple uses,For example, Google uses search keywords to predict the time and scale of influenza。Even more,With the formation of the big data industry and the refinement of its division of labor,Data users are not necessarily the collector of data,This makes "informedness" unprecedented difficulties。If you say,Data users must solicit personal consent in advance every time the data user finds the data of the data,So is an unbearable burden for both parties: merchants are subject to cost,Individual trapped in harassment,This will undoubtedly greatly limit the development of big data。

A countermeasure worth considering is,The focus of privacy protection is transferred from data collection to data use,As a data user directly grabs the public information,or a general "data use" obtained personal license,or after obtaining relevant information from the data collector,It can be developed freely within the legal maximum retention period、Use these data,No need to obtain the information owner's re -approval,Among them, the business utilization is paid by default,Scientific research and administrative management generally free。But corresponding,Data users must review the legality of each use behavior,and actively take protection measures,Avoid the infringement of the legitimate rights and interests of others,Otherwise, it will be severely punished by the law。

In addition to liberating Bet365 app download the power of the development of big data technology,This legislation considers the strengthening of personal rights protection is also obvious。One,Considering that no one knows more clearly than data users themselves and the legal risk it brings,Therefore, it can ensure that the protection obligations can be ensured。Its two,Data users as the biggest beneficiary,It should bear the maximum risk。In the traditional "Personal Decision" mode,Individuals who have the initiative to master the permission,However, it is also responsible for the major risk of suffering from mental and material losses for your own mistakes。Data collectors who live in the position of information advantage,Just fulfill the legal notification obligation,Data users who really make a real profit sometimes hidden after the contrast of the contract,Even the notification doesn’t need to,Fair loss,is to transfer the focus of regulation from data collection to data use,It is essentially a balance of power and responsibility。Its three,Clarifying the data usage period protects the right to forget the individual,Because any data that exceeds the longest reserved period of statutory the longest retention will be punished as illegal or even criminal acts。As for the dictatorship of the data of the big data,Prevention measures include: on the one hand,Use causal checks and balance correlations,Reflected in legislation,That is, individuals can obtain objections to their own credit evaluation,Requires the reasons and basis for evaluating the main body of the subject; on the other hand,Use algorithm to transparent confrontation data monopoly,Reflected in legislation,Credit service providers, including credit evaluation, should put their own data algorithm in public。

In short,,Big data technology solves the problem of opaque and non -circulation problems of social credit bet365 Play online games information,Make the unified credit legislation within the society possible。Adapt to it,The technical characteristics of social credit laws for big data should establish the basic principles of "comprehensive collection", "disclosure of principles" and "safe use",Personal privacy、The focus of the protection of business secrets transfer from data collection to data use,With this balanced technology development and private rights protection。

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