Enter the 21st Century，With the emergence of big data and its impact on human social life，The weight of quantitative analysis in public management research is getting heavier，The specific aspects of use are becoming more and more wide，Has made great contributions to the formulation of academic research and policy。but，The application of quantitative analysis in the field of social sciences，The academic community has a long time with different voices，This naturally includes the use of quantitative analysis in public management。

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Conceptual problems。Wish to know，Quantitative analysis method was the earliest method in natural scientific research。Quantitative first comes from the measurement in the experiment。For natural sciences，Many concepts are congenital is measured，If the quality of an object、current、Temperature、molecular weight, etc.。So，Quantitative analysis and experiments itself is a "seamless" connection。but，In the field of social science，In the study of public management，Many concepts are abstract、defined，It cannot be measured directly。For this，Scholars proposed to operate the concept，It is about to decompose it into another quantitative indicator that can be directly measured。If when studying government decision -making，Democracy is a very important explanation variable or explained variable，As a value concept，Democracy cannot be measured directly，So we must first achieve the conceptual operationalization。but，bet365 best casino games Different understanding of democracy，The operation method may be different，Another，For different political systems，The quantitative index system and its weight of its operation method will also be different。Another example is a fair measurement，At present，Danic coefficient is only based on the fairness of the result of the design and measurement，If the starting point is fair、Program fair and equal perspective，Fairness is another system。So，Compared with natural science research，Public Management Studies as a social science，It has obvious complexity and subjectivity in the measurement link。

Direct measurement of attitude。Current，Most of the measurement in quantitative analysis and research in the field of public management in my country is a reference on sociology、Measurement method in psychological research，That is to understand the attitude of the interviewee in some aspects by filling in the filling of a certain structure of the structure，to complete the relevant measurement。For example, the use of the Lockert quantity table。The use of measuring tables to a certain extent reflects the attitude of the respondent on the investigation problem。But there is a prominent problem is，It cannot prevent the visitors from hiding from their own real preferences，This leads to the lack of authenticity of measurement。The most typical example is the prediction of the 2016 US presidential election，The results of public opinion survey are contrary to the results of actual voting，In addition to the sample problems, the samples are insufficient，What is more serious is that a lot of respondents in polls are afraid of moral pressure from the outside world，Fear in the survey that supporting Trump will cause others to make a lower evaluation bet365 live casino games of the respondent's moral standard，Therefore, it hides its true preference。Visible，A survey based on attitude will be lacking in the authenticity of the measurement results due to the problem of hidden preferences。Although this lack can be in the survey method，Meeting designs to be changed to reduce，But still unable to fundamentally prevent。

Challenge of context。In the field of scientific philosophy research，Some scholars have proposed the concept of context。Compared with natural science，Social science research needs to emphasize context。For example, analysis of a case，A considerable part of the researcher is to bring readers into the situation，Analysis of cases under many specific conditions。But，The current quantitative analysis research does not well meet the requirements of contextualization，Many researchers think and do not have much ink in terms of situation description and reproduction，Try to introduce only a few variables to replace the description of specific situations，Make many studies look very stiff。For example, research on some grass -roots governance，Simply put into the research design of Western scholars，Then take some variables to regain，From this conclusion。These studies often dilute the specific situation of China's grass -roots governance，As a result, it is easy to ignore its complexity。If such research directly becomes the decision -making basis for policy makers，The result will be catastrophic。

　　Quantitative analysis method must be continuously innovated

We must pay attention to and improve the research and design link。For a study based on quantitative analysis，The main task of research and design in the research process is to think and express the direct or indirect correlation between the bet365 Play online games variable indicators of this study and the research theme，What methods are used to draw and measure these indicators，To realize the quantitative expression and analysis of the research theme。Through the research and design。So，Research design has a pivotal role for quantitative research。But now it seems，In the research and design link，Some papers are lightly described，The theme that seems to be research is naturally measureable，Some research papers involved in sampling are also brought by the sampling method。These are all the performances of the research design。

Efforts to develop quantitative measurement indicators characterized by behavior or behavior results。If we relax the field of vision，Pay attention to the use of quantitative analysis of more social science disciplines，Ru Economics。Although quantitative research in economics also faces huge challenges in its interpretation of the real world，But the characteristics of its quantitative analysis indicators are worthy of public management quantitative research and reference。Although the current trend of economic research and development is psychology、Interaction of brain science，But the price、Production and other traditional indicators are still the main variables extracted in the study，It is a quantitative indicator formed based on behavior or behavior results，Features that the formation of these indicators is basically no or less preferred camouflage，Therefore, lack of authenticity and objectivity to a certain extent。Another example is the business administration in the management science category with the public management。Consumption preference as an important content of business management research，In the past ten Bet365 app download years，An important change in the measurement of its measurement，That is the mode of social survey、Traditional business surveys with subjective attitudes and preferences as the main measurement indicators gradually micro，More consumers' specific consumption behavior or other behavior，such as a web page viewed to judge its consumer preferences。Especially after the gradual promotion of e -commerce and social media，Interactive behavior data on online consumption and social media can be collected very cheaply (of course, this also involves ethical issues that involve the protection of commercial ethics and personal privacy rights，No discussion here)，Analyze and judge data through artificial intelligence technology，You can clearly understand the personal preference of each consumer。The success of e -commerce also proves the feasibility and effectiveness of this measurement method for consumer preferences。So，For quantitative research in public management，How to develop and dig out the measurement index based on behavioral and behavioral results is an important part of research to make research more effective and more convincing。

Add measuring dimension，To improve the level of research on research。As mentioned in the analysis, quantitative analysis is in the predicament of the contextualization of social science research，But is there a way to make quantitative analysis more "approximately" specific realistic situations? From the perspective of operation，You can continuously improve the dimension of the measurement index，From one -dimensional to multi -dimensional，Then to the promotion of Gaowei，The research object is more vivid and specific to reproduce and portray it。Due to the continuous progress Bet365 lotto review and improvement of the hardware conditions and software algorithms of data processing，From a technical point of view，The processing ability of high -dimensional data is also increasing，This makes quantitative research closer to realistic situations。

Learn and rely on quantitative analysis of the development of upstream disciplines。Quantitative analysis is only a tool for public management research。and really promote the development of quantitative analysis technology，Still mathematics、Computer Science、Psychology (for psychological measurement methods) and other disciplines。So，Quantitative analysis in public management should pay close attention to the development of these fields，Use its latest research results。and，From the perspective of further development，It is best to form communication with these disciplines。Review some methods in quantitative analysis，If the factor analysis method，It is found in the analysis of learning ability。Although the value of factor analysis is not just measurement，But the research needs of downstream disciplines are also a growth point for the development of upstream disciplines。So，The needs of quantitative analysis in public management must communicate with these upstream discipline researchers，to promote the overall quantitative analysis measurement method and technology progress。

At present, the problems faced by the use of quantitative analysis in public management research，Some scholars' solutions are weakening their use in public management，For this，No any。Looking back on the development history of public management disciplines，Quantitative analysis method has made great contributions to the development and construction of the discipline，There is an irreplaceable position among many research methods。Bet365 app download The new era of the study of quantitative analysis methods in public management has put forward new requirements，So，Quantitative analysis methods must also continue to improve、Innovation。

　(Author Unit: School of Political Science and Public Management, East China University of Political Science and Law)