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Use big data to improve local government emergency decision -making capabilities

May 20, 2020 03:30 Source: "China Social Sciences", May 20, 2020, No. 1929, author

　　In recent years，The modernization process of my country has obviously accelerated and achieved the achievements of world -renowned attention，But various troubles that plagued our modernized governance system and governance capacity building still test Chinese wisdom。Where，major emergencies have high complexity and uncertainty，Often brings huge challenges to the emergency management of the party and the government, especially the local governments。

　　With the advent of the big data era，Emergency decision -making of major emergencies depends on the collection of data、Analysis，Especially data interconnection、Information sharing、Knowledge association and smart application。There is still a certain gap in the current requirements of the emergency decision -making ability of the local government in my country and the requirements of the big data era，Highlighting in the acquisition and analysis of risk information、Situation perception and risk recognition、Crisis judgment and decision -making strain、Decision Evaluation and Reflection Learning ability needs to be improved。part of the reason is，Many places have not really established a perfect emergencies monitoring and early warning network，Local government decision makers also lack the ability to excavate valuable information from the data，It is difficult to perceive the situation and recognition risk in advance。At the same time，my country needs to establish a unified "vertical to the end、Horizontal to the side "emergency platform，Existing emergency information is scattered in different departments，Formed "Information Island"，Make local governments crisis judgment and decision -making ability greatly Bet365 app download reduced; in addition,，Some emergency decision makers lack the reflection learning of historical events，It is difficult to cope with increasing crisis incidents。

　　In the era of big data，Artificial intelligence、Blockchain、Cloud computing、Big Data and other new generation of information technology integration and development，Deeply changed the government’s decision -making method，and gradually formed a new type of decision -making paradigm that integrates data -driven and model -driven，That is the "data -wisdom" decision mode driven by big data。This mode is a big data system support，Artificial Intelligence、Machine learning、Big data modeling、Big data analysis, etc. to achieve automatic decision -making and human -machine collaborative decision -making mode。Emergency decisions based on "data -wisdom"，Local government emergency management can use the new generation of information technology，If the full sample collection of the big data resources of the multi -source heterogeneous、Dynamic perception、Related analysis、Instant presentation, etc.。Emergency decisions based on "data -wisdom" have the following characteristics and trend: the analysis of emergency data pays more attention to integration and mining，The flow of emergency information is becoming increasingly interactive and shared，The management of emergency knowledge is increasingly focused on association and integration，The generation of emergency wisdom reflects more self -learning、Adaptive process，Therefore, the decision -making paradigm of new emergencies presents a panoramic feature of big data drive。Smart Emergency Decisions of Big Data Empowerment，The information contained in the data is revealed、Knowledge and Wisdom，Can optimize the decision -making process and decision system，Auxiliary decision makers better predict the development trend of emergencies，As bet365 live casino games a result, comprehensive perception of risk of local government decision makers、Precision judgment of crisis、Automatic implementation of decision -making and real -time strain capabilities。

　　First，Use big data to improve the risk comprehensive perception ability。In the era of big data，With big data、Cloud computing、IoT、The rapid development of mobile Internet technology，Various structured、Semi -structured and non -structured data show index levels，This provides a rich source of data for the risk of major emergencies。Based on the existing national emergency management platform system，Establish and improve the nation -provincial (autonomous region、municipalities directly under the Central Government) -The prefecture -level city -district (county) level 4 national emergency emergency platform，Real -time collection、Fusion of the following data: First, emergency、Public Security、Civil Affairs、Public Health、Traffic、Environmental Protection and other government business management data at all levels; second, the production of enterprises and institutions related to emergency -related enterprises、Storage and transportation and sales data; Third, Baidu、Alibaba Cloud、Unicom big data、User information owned by big data companies such as China Mobile、Location Information and other business data; Fourth, the Red Cross、Emergency materials data such as center blood station and other social organizations。In addition，Before or early occurrence of major emergencies，Online media Public Opinion Big Data truly records abnormal remarks，and search logs related to the event，Personal WeChat、The first real emergency scene of the first scene carried by Weibo forwarded。Various social networks、Sensor、Wide use of smart terminals，Data collection realizes complete automation and intelligence，Various phenomena bet365 live casino games scattered in reality and virtual world、Thought and behavior are recorded throughout the whole process，The so -called "full data mode" was formed。Convergence and fusion of poly source heterogeneous information，Brenden the decision maker's vision，Improving the risk perception ability of decision makers。

　　2，Use big data to improve the ability of precision research and judgment in crisis。On the basis of comprehensive perception of the source of risk，Tracking and capturing signs information，Extraction of police sentiment。Use artificial intelligence、Smart models of machine learning for data mining、Segmentation technology、Semantic analysis、Automatic image recognition and other big data technology processing，Dig out the valuable information contained in it。Combined with the expert system，Carry out large -scale modeling、Big Data Analysis、Model Solution，Quickly complete the origin of the crisis event、The human -machine collaborative decision -making process of diffusion and development trends and consequences。but but，major emergencies，Especially the early issue of the new incident，Police characteristics may not be obvious，Online data is also lacking，At this time, it also needs to be combined with expert opinions in related fields，Pre -research police situation。It is worth noting that，major emergencies treatment is a systematic engineering，Not only does it need to penetrate data in the field of emergency management，and may also strengthen it with public security、Traffic、Meteorological、Industry and Commerce、Civil Affairs、Data collection and association analysis of other departments such as forest grass，Strengthen real -time emergencies data and historical emergency data，and the correlation of the data of space location，The precision of improving risk research。Big data -driven major emergencies Bet365 lotto review risk research judgment，Integration of large -scale cross -domain information、Related、Digging and comprehensive use，This can achieve precise research and judgment of the risk of emergencies and panoramic predictions。

　　third，Use big data to improve the ability to implement automatic implementation。Precision recognition of risks laid the foundation for the implementation of the decision plan。Big Data -based "Data -Smart" decision model has a strong real -time massive data analysis ability，and when the alarm reaches the trigger threshold，Can automatically provide an instant response to emergency decision makers，to automatically complete high complexity emergencies decisions。Emergency decision makers、Data analyst、Diverse decision -making subjects composed of experts through human -computer intelligent interface collaborative decisions，Emergency decision -making and major emergencies are organically merged with emergency situations to be presented in a visual way，further breaks through the defect of "limited rationality" of decision makers in a single field，Improving the level of intelligence and science of decision -making。Artificial intelligence automatic decision -making or human -machine collaborative decision automatically generate intelligent decision -making solutions，It will also dynamically load the basic data and services required for emergency emergency。mainly includes the command and coordination scheme of the prevention and control of major emergencies，Organization in the response、Personnel team、Material funds、Planning and coordinated allocation of technical equipment，Staff evacuation、On -site disposal、Measures for property protection, etc.，and configure communication、Image access、Geographical Information System (referred to as GIS)、Various services such as external system interfaces。For example，Flow of space -based visualization bet365 best casino games and space data mining map，Migration of the population、Traffic、Communication、Logistics and other fusion data for visual analysis，Draw a vector diagram from a complete starting point to the end point position，Provide a fast decision -making plan for crisis response。

　　Fourth，Use big data to improve decision -making instantaneous response capabilities。Facing high uncertain emergencies，Decision makers need to adjust the decision plan that has been implemented in real time according to the development of the situation。"Data -Smart" decision model based on big data through different emergency departments、Real -time collection of environmental space data、Fast analysis、Instant transmission and intuitive presentation，It can greatly shorten the time stagnation of decision -making information feedback，Avoid information distortion in the feedback circuit。Especially in the current Rong Media era，Various smart terminals、The true opinions on the social platform and the concerns of social interests can be directly captured by decision makers，so as to be dynamic、Instant judgment decision plan implementation possible effects and influence，Form a good instant feedback mechanism。In other words，In the era of big data，Decision makers do not have to wait for the completion of the emergency decision -making decision -making plan before the decision -making plan is adjusted，Instead, you can realize the dynamic adjustment of decision -making in almost synchronizedly。Emergency decision -making ability of major emergencies，It is reflected in the dynamic adjustment process of the decision -making plan。In this process，Decision makers need to pay close attention to the effect of decision implementation and feedback，Adhere to serving public needs，Taking the law and emergency standards as the bottom line，Support for the collaborative decision -making platform of big data man -machine，bet365 live casino games Real -time adjustment personnel developed according to the situation、Material、Technology、Finance and other factors，Points and directions of the implementation of the decision -making plan targeted。This can be seen，Crisis decision -making process is a self -adjustment、Self -learning、Adaptive continuous improvement process，In this process, the decision makers' instant response ability can be exercised and gradually cultivated。

　　(This article is the National Social Science Foundation General Project "Research on Coordinated Governance Governance of Urban Public Crisis Cross -sector in the Big Data Age" (17bgl178) phased results)

　　(Author Unit: Marxist College of Hunan University of Science and Technology)

Editor in charge: Changchang