Promote bet365 games and environmental governance through actor networks
May 10, 2022 21:54 Source: "Chinese bet365 games Journal" Issue 2403, May 11, 2022 Author: Fan Yunyu

Since the Industrial Revolution,The predatory economic development model of Western capitalist countries damages the bet365 games,Humanity has encountered a serious global ecological crisis。In response to the global ecological crisis and the ecological and environmental problems encountered by our country in the process of industrialization,The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly regarded the construction of ecological civilization as an important part of the "five-in-one" overall layout of socialism with Chinese characteristics。It can be said,The construction of ecological civilization is the fundamental plan related to the sustainable development of the Chinese nation,We must intensify efforts to promote the construction of ecological civilization、Solving ecological and environmental problems,Resolutely fight the battle against pollution,Promote my country’s ecological civilization construction to a new level。The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was submitted,Create a social governance pattern of co-construction, co-governance and sharing,Points out the new direction of bet365 games management。How to clarify the relationship between bet365 games governance subjects,Achieving diversified co-governance of the bet365 games,Becomes an urgent question that needs to be answered in ecological and environmental governance。Actor Network Theory by following the actors in society,Explains how heterogeneous actors with equal status define each other's roles、Reach a consensus of interests、The process of forming actor networks,Can effectively break the center-periphery governance structure formed in the operation of the traditional Weber-style management system。Integrating actor networks and governance theory,Examining the bet365 games governance process from the perspective of actor network formation,Can provide a new theoretical perspective for bet365 games governance。

  Realize the co-creation of subject and object values ​​in bet365 games environmental governance

bet365 games management is the government、Enterprise、Nonprofit organization、Social groups、The process of citizens and other stakeholders jointly creating public value for the bet365 games。All stakeholders enter the ecological and environmental public value production process on an equal footing,They are all the subjects of creating public value,Able to express and pass on one’s own interests to others。In the process of value transfer,All stakeholders can elaborate on their own interest demands through consultation and dialogue,Understand the interests and demands of others,Thus forming a common value recognition。The more comprehensive the stakeholders’ demands are expressed,The more public value is ultimately created, the greater the ability to seek the greatest common denominator between each other。Therefore,We must continue to expand the scope of multiple stakeholders in the process of creating public value,Guide and encourage them to fully express themselves to explore their value preferences。

Actor network theory can break the boundaries between the subject and object of bet365 games governance,Realize the co-creation of subject and object values ​​in ecological environmental governance。Actor network theory is based on social constructionism integrating nature and society、On the Criticism of the Dual Separation of Subject and Object,Consider all factors that may affect the state of things as actors in the network,Including human actors and natural elements。Therefore,Water is originally an object of bet365 games management、Soil、Air and other elements have also acquired the identity of actors。In this sense,Natural elements gain the power of speech as non-human actors,Become a stakeholder in the process of creating public value for the bet365 games,Be able to participate in the consensus public value creation process with human actors through the expression of interest demands。

Incorporating natural elements into the process of creating public value for the bet365 games,Need to rethink the relationship between man and nature,Pass to Justice、Fair、Following the principles of value co-creation such as openness,Highlight the equal status and symbiotic relationship between man and nature,Ensure that the demands of human actors and natural interests can gain attention through full expression and negotiation,And ultimately reflected in the public value of the bet365 games through value integration。The participation of natural elements in ecological and environmental governance value co-creation is a change in anthropocentric thinking,This means that humans are no longer the only subject of bet365 games governance and value creation,Nature can also participate in the co-production of public value as the subject of value creation,Thus integrating the value concept of harmonious coexistence between man and nature into the bet365 games governance process。

  Promote cooperation among heterogeneous entities in bet365 games and environmental governance

bet365 games governance is a process of collaborative cooperation among multiple governance entities,Actor network theory incorporates natural elements into governance subjects to show that,Ecological and environmental governance actions are not just about cooperation between people,Also includes people and nature、Heterogeneous subject cooperation among natural elements。All actors in the actor network are actors who can actually play a role in an operational sense,They all have the initiative to promote cooperation。This kind of agency refers to the ability to drive other actors to take action,That is, the actor acts passively。The purpose of emphasizing the passivity of actors’ actions is to focus on the relationship between actors,Through the examination of the relationship between actors,Clear the cooperation process of actors。In Actor Network,The agency of actors is revealed through the translation mechanism。Translation is the interpretation and conversion of the interests and interests of all actors into consistent goals,Then clarify the role of each actor in the actor network based on this goal,It is the process of transformation of actor attributes。

In the process of bet365 games management,Government is a key actor in the actor network because of its role in public governance,Use the four translation methods of "problem presentation", "benefit conferment", "recruitment" and "mobilization" to attract potential actors to join the network,Promote the formation of actor networks。First,The government pays attention to and analyzes the interests and interests of potential actors,And on this basis, propose environmental governance issues that are in line with the interests of other actors。Secondly,The government analyzes the benefits of potential actors entering the actor network,And define the roles of potential actors based on the distribution of benefits,Formation of party committee leadership、The government is responsible、Business and social participation、Policy support、Action plan promoted by the platform。Last,Potential actors who accept government benefit distribution and action plans enter the network,And commit to follow the action path planned by the government,The government fully mobilizes resources from all parties and organizes other actors to carry out actions according to the established plan。

In the process of bet365 games management,Key Actor Government recruits potential actors into the network by converting its own interests into the interests of others,And environmental protection technology、Environmental Policy、Local environmental protection knowledge、Non-human actors such as big data platforms enter the network through human endorsement,Multiple actors continue to understand each other and take action by translating the interests and interests of others,Finally realize the connection and cooperation of discrete actors,This is an ongoing negotiation、The dynamic process of transformation and adjustment。

  Multi-directional interaction of network nodes to build an bet365 games governance alliance

The symbiosis and mobility of ecological and environmental issues require the realization of integrity、Systematic governance。However,The diversity and uncertainty of ecological and environmental issues and the differences between different administrative regions pose challenges to it。Problems and challenges faced by bet365 games governance,Through the dynamics and openness of actor networks,Achieve cooperation between different actor networks,Building an bet365 games governance alliance。The construction of the bet365 games governance alliance is achieved through the interaction of network nodes among multiple stable actor networks。

Each actor in bet365 games governance corresponds to a node in the actor network,They are connected to each other through the traces left by their interactions,But this does not mean that the actor network is a static one、Entity organizational structure。Actor network is an invisible network that connects actors to each other,Changes in the external environment and actors within the network will affect the stability of the actor network。Actors are attracted to the network based on the realization of interest demands,When their interest demands change, they may challenge their original roles and further defect from the network。Therefore,Actors must achieve frequent multi-directional interactions through a continuous translation process,Continuously express each other’s interests、Consultation and confirmation,Timely discover and resolve disputes caused by changes。In this process,Key actors play an important role,Once the translation ability of key actors decreases, the overall interests of the network will deviate from the interests of general actors。

With the establishment and stabilization of the network of ecological and environmental governance actors,The bet365 games governance alliance was established。There are two situations here,Achieve alliances by attracting new actors or achieve alliances through actors in this network。In the first case,Actors in the actor network use their own resources to interact with the outside world,Attract more new actors to join to enhance the connectivity of the actor network。If the new actor belongs to and can support another actor network,Then the two actor networks can be connected through new actors。In the second case,Since actors in reality often belong to multiple actor networks,When they draw resources from another network they are part of to support their existing actor network,Two different actor networks are connected because of this node。For example,In the process of collaborative management of water environment in the Yangtze River Basin,A network of actors in different administrative divisions can build a water environment governance alliance through the same policy or water environment governance technology,The water environment governance actor network and the water ecological restoration actor network can also achieve alliance through the same bet365 games department。

In short,Actor network theory can more comprehensively examine the process of game and transformation of different forces,And help managers break away from the fixed governance relationships of traditional governance structures,On the premise of retaining one’s own independence and initiative,Carry out governance actions based on governance goals and specific issues,Thus providing theoretical reference for bet365 games governance。

  (This article is a phased result of the fifth phase of Jiangsu Province’s “333 Project” scientific research project “Research on the Practical Mechanism and Optimization Path of Jiangsu Grassroots bet365 games Modernization” (BRA2020058)

(Author’s affiliation: Institute of Local bet365 games, Soochow University、School of Politics and Public Administration, Suzhou University)

Editor: Chen Jing
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