In recent years，In the wave of research on various “texts” in academia，The sudden rise of “hypertext” (сверхтекст) research。“Hypertext” often points to local texts with geographical significance (including capital texts、Provincial or regional bet365 score)，It is a collection of texts that combine repeated narratives belonging to different authors about certain specific discourse units and local situations，As corpus，They enter the general system of a national culture。The Moscow bet365 score and the Petersburg bet365 score of Russian literature are two independent entities、Interrelated "hypertext" system。Due to the dialogue and synergy between the two systems，We try to use the interdisciplinary "synergy" theory as a research path to examine the dynamic synergy mechanism between them。

"Synergetics" is a science about collaborative cooperation founded by Professor Hermann Haken, a theoretical physicist at the University of Stuttgart, Germany，It is an emerging discipline formed and developed on the basis of multidisciplinary research。Synergy theory mainly studies a dynamic open system in its interaction with the outside world，How to use your own internal synergy，Spontaneously select and arrange them in time、Spatially and functionally ordered structures。For the study of the synergistic mechanism between the Moscow bet365 score and the Petersburg bet365 score of Russian literature，The "relationship within the bet365 score" and the "interaction outside the bet365 score" between them need to be paid attention to at the same time。

　　Interrelationship between bet365 score "hypertext" systems

Throughout the development process of Russian history and culture，There is always a phenomenon worth exploring，That is, "bet365 score Cultural Centers"。For example，Kyiv and Novgorod in the era of Kievan Rus；Moscow and Novgorod in the Muscovite era；Moscow and Petersburg in Peter’s time；Moscow and Petrograd-Leningrad-St. Petersburg during the Soviet era and after the "disintegration"。The existence of bet365 score cultural centers，The development of Russian history and culture is full of competition and mutual restraint tension，At the same time, it also maintains the continuity of its development。After three hundred years of vicissitudes，The structure of "bet365 score cultural centers" coexisting for Russia，It seems like a fate，They have Russian ethnicity、The country’s intrinsic needs。Cultural phenomenon as a whole，Moscow and Petersburg have completely formed a "dual opposition form with dialogue as the main body and based on the rich content of independent systems，The quality of an independent system is not only limited by its components，And closely related to its structure。In this way，Moscow and Petersburg constitute an independent social and cultural meta-system"。

The construction of the literary "Petersburg bet365 score" had a positive impact on the formation of the literary "Moscow bet365 score"。Famous scholar А. П. Lucerne thinks，“Applying the deduction method of Petersburg epistemological model to Moscow time and space，First of all, it is beneficial to explore В at the theoretical level. Н.The potential of ‘hypertextology’ and ‘Moscowology’ studied by Toporov and other researchers”。"Moscow bet365 score" research expert Н. М. Marekina suggested that "the 'Moscow bet365 score' should be determined according to the pattern of the Petersburg bet365 score"。Of course，We cannot mechanically transfer all arguments and textual patterns about the Petersburg bet365 score to the study of the Moscow bet365 score。Because completely projecting a set of parameters and criteria constituting one bet365 score into another would dissolve the respective properties of both texts。So in the "synergistics" study of these two bet365 score systems，First of all, we must take the core original codes of the two cities and the cultural attributes of the cities as the premise，Because this is the "source" of the dynamic mechanism of the two "hypertext" systems。

Hundreds of years，Russian culture continues to develop in the emergence and interpretation of various contradictions，Which in the time of Peter and after Peter，The opposition between the “two cultural centers” of Moscow and Petersburg is particularly prominent。It can be roughly divided into two periods in terms of time，That is, the Peter period (1703-1918)，From establishing the capital in Petersburg to moving the capital to Moscow；Soviet period and post-Soviet period (1918-1991)，From moving the capital to Moscow to the disintegration of the Soviet Union。During this period，The "role reversal" between Moscow and Petersburg in Russian history and culture occurred four times，After the failure of the Decembrist uprising、After the "October Revolution" in 1917、The outbreak of the "Patriotic War"、From postwar to before and after "disintegration"。Especially since the 20th century，Several reversals of the two cities’ roles as “capital and provinces” and “center and periphery” in the topological map of Russian history and culture，Resulting in the continuous value-added transformation of the coding system of the Moscow bet365 score and the Petersburg bet365 score of Russian literature。Today in the 21st century，The dialogue coordination mechanism of the two "Hypertext" systems is still in an extremely active state。

As everyone knows，The unique and interrelated "Moscow themes" and "Petersburg themes" of Russian literature existed as early as the 18th century，But according to the point of view of Russian academic circles，That period was still in the "pre-bet365 score" stage of the "Moscow bet365 score" and the "Petersburg bet365 score"。1984，As a scientific term，The "Petersburg bet365 score" is confirmed in Russian academic circles。Although there is still debate in Moscow textual circles whether there is a Russian literature，But based on an academic historical survey of a large number of Moscow bet365 score studies and a series of case studies of Moscow-themed texts，We tend to confirm its existence。We think，There is a systematic "self-organizing" movement in the Moscow bet365 score of Russian literature，At the same time it is also deeply influenced by the Petersburg bet365 score in its dialogue with the latter。In the evolution of history，The creators of "Moscow Writing" of Russian literature have a conscious process of transition from "subject matter" to "bet365 score"，This is a "self-organizing" process by the creator and literature itself。The so-called "self-organizing" process，That is, "the process of spontaneous reorganization in an open and highly imbalanced system"，It does this by redesigning existing systems and creating new connections between parts of the system。

　　Between bet365 score "Hypertext" systems"bet365 score" and "Symmetry Breaking"

We can refer to М. С.The view of art system theory proposed by Kagan in "Aesthetics and Art System Theory"，Consider the above two "hypertext" systems as a complete and open art system，Through the symmetry and latent analysis of their code systems，Grasp the binary opposition、Dynamic synergy mechanism of symbiosis。Discovered by research，In some major historical changes in Russia，Code constants for the two "Hypertext" systems (referring to those with "Moscow attributes" and "Petersburg attributes"、Spatial location indicating the origin and reality of urban culture、The code for geographical landscape) remains basically unchanged，But those code parameters with metaphorical functions will shift and counterpoint with the "role exchange" between Moscow and Petersburg in Russian history and culture。For example, the symbols representing urban typology that appear between the two bet365 score systems mentioned above、City Image、The religion of urban landscape form、Ideological metaphor、The shift and counterpoint of character typology codes in urban time and space。It is worth mentioning，With the change of the name of the city of Petersburg，The core concept of the Petersburg bet365 score—Petersburg—Petrograd—Leningrad—Saint Petersburg，There will be differences between its referent and signifier。Changes in city names have led to a proliferation of codes with metaphorical functions in Russian literary Petersburg texts since the 20th century。

The so-called "subliminal migration"，refers to the quiet displacement of some metaphorical functional codes in the two "hypertext" systems，That is, the covert movement from one bet365 score code system to another bet365 score code system。This phenomenon is especially reflected in the city images of Moscow and Petersburg in the two "hypertext" systems mentioned above in the 20th century。For example，In Petersburg bet365 score，The image of Petersburg will be associated with images such as "City of Heroes" and "Necropolis" in the code system that originally belonged to the Moscow bet365 score。At the same time，In the Moscow bet365 score, the image of Moscow is given different connotations such as "Second Babylon" and "Kitezh City"。This "subtle migration" phenomenon，As a result, the images of the two cities have inherent contradictions and paradoxes at the ontological level。

The so-called "counterpoint"，is a musical term，In the research context of this topic，Refers to the same code phenomenon that appears in the binary opposition code systems of two "hypertexts"。For example，The image of “maze” appears simultaneously in the code systems of the Moscow bet365 score and the Petersburg bet365 score，Furthermore, the two cities are also known as "maze" cities。The difference between them is that the labyrinth of Petersburg is linear，And the maze of Moscow is curved、Broken type。The emergence of the "same code" phenomenon reflects the different responses in literature to the changes in the "roles" of the two cities in real life。In other words，These "same codes" are found in every specific ideological and cultural system，Different in understanding。

In short，The phenomenon of shift and counterpoint originates from the mutual penetration of the boundaries of the two "hypertext" systems。This penetration makes the two "hypertexts" related and causes changes in the internal structure，In "synergy" terms，It is the phenomenon of "critical fluctuation" and "symmetry breaking" between two "hypertext" systems。The so-called "critical fluctuation" is originally a physical phenomenon。For example，Water boils at 100℃，If this critical temperature is exceeded，The movement of water molecules will be particularly strong。At this time, what physicists call "critical fluctuation" occurs。And "symmetry breaking" refers to a consequence caused by "critical fluctuation" in a certain stable structure。But "often just a small fluctuation，This will ultimately determine the main development direction of the incident”。Following the theoretical path of "synergy"，We find every “role reversal” between Moscow and Petersburg in Russian history and culture，It will lead to the reorganization of the Moscow bet365 score and Petersburg bet365 score code system of Russian literature，Causing "critical fluctuation" and "symmetry breaking" phenomena。We can think of the code parameters of the two systems as similar，Consider the dynamic production process between them as a phase change process。Because this phase change keeps happening，As a result, these two "hypertext" systems continue to evolve in the process of interaction with the outside world and internal integration、Value-added，Gradually developing into an open system。In this open system，The energy they each consume becomes the source of energy for the other party。

Russian literature is a mirror of Russian history and culture。We can see Russia through the prism of literature，Perspective of literature through the prism of culture。The synergy and dialogue between the Moscow bet365 score and the Petersburg bet365 score of Russian literature，And the bet365 score production mechanism is controlled by the "information exchange system" between the two cities、The constraints of the symbol evolution system and the value philosophy adjustment system。The active information exchange system has promoted cultural interaction outside the two "hypertext" systems；Symbol evolution system，On the one hand, it reflects the dynamic process of cultural interaction “outside the bet365 score”，On the other hand, it is also evidence of the "critical fluctuation" and "symmetry breaking" phenomena of the bet365 score's internal structure；The value philosophy adjustment system ultimately creates the distance between semantic symbols and reality in the two "hypertext" systems。In other words，Some semantics are consistent with the realistic characteristics of the two cities，But it does not conform to the metaphysical characteristics of the two cities。In Russian history and culture，The practical significance of the “role reversal” between Moscow and Petersburg does not match the aesthetic significance of literary feedback，Sometimes even the opposite。Applying "synergy" theory to the study of two interrelated "hypertext" systems in Russian literature，Conducive to examining the collaboration, dialogue and bet365 score production mechanism between the two，Thus methodologically providing a large number of interconnections between national literature and world literature、The study of the local “hyper bet365 score” system of dialogue provides reference and theoretical basis。

　(The author is the person in charge of the National Social Science Foundation Project “Research on the ‘Moscow bet365 score’ and ‘Petersburg bet365 score’ of Russian Literature”、Professor, School of Liberal Arts, Liaoning Normal University)