Aisic (March 210, 1910 -March 22, 1966)，Originally named Li Shengxuan，Mongolian，Outstanding Marxist philosopher、Educator and "The Party's Loyal Warrior on the theoretical Front"。Born on March 2, 1910, in Heshun Township, Yunnan Province。In 1925, he was admitted to Yunnan Provincial Lili Middle School，1927 and 1930 to study in Japan twice。Come to Shanghai in 1932，Participate in revolution，Starting to engage in Marxist propaganda activities。Joined the Communist Party of China in October 1935。October 1937 Ai Siqi to Yan'an，Ren Chief Teacher of the Anti -Japanese Military and Political University、Director of the Philosophy Research Office of the Martha -Lenne Academy、Secretary -General of the Cultural Working Committee of the Central Propaganda Department、Director of Cultural Association of Shaanxi -Gansu -Ningbian District Cultural Association、Editor -in -chief of "Chinese Culture" magazine、Director of the Deputy Publishing Department of the Liberation Daily、"Liberation Daily" deputy editor -in -chief、editor -in -chief。In 1942、Engels、Lenin、Stalin Ideological Methodology "，List as one of the must -read documents for Yan'an rectification movement。After the founding of New China，Ren Central Party School (Marxism -Leninage Academy、Senior Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China) Director of the Philosophy Teaching and Research Office、Vice President，In 1955, he was elected as a member of the Ministry of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences。First、2、The representative of the Third National People's Congress。Aisic left more than 6 million words of results，Among them, "Popular Philosophy", "Some Direction" and other "History of History, History of Social Development", "Dialectical Materialism Lecture Outline" and edited "Dialectical Material History Materialism"。"Popular Philosophy" has made important contributions to the popularity of Marxist philosophy。This book printed 32 editions before the establishment of New China，Affected tens of thousands of readers。"Dialectical Materialism History Materialism" is the first philosophical textbook written by Chinese scholars after the founding of New China，It has an extremely wide and profound impact。Published "Ai Siqi Book" and "Ai Siqi"。

Aisic (1910-1966)，It is my country's outstanding Marxist philosopher and educator，It is also "the party's loyal warrior on the theoretical front"。March 210, 1910，He was born in Heshun Township, Yunnan Province。On Aisic，Dual identity of scholars and soldiers is unified together，Make his philosophical research and the fate of the Chinese people、Destiny of the Chinese nation、The fate of the Chinese revolution and construction is closely related。"Scholars who are the same as Eskic，It is not uncommon among his contemporaries，But writing consciously for the interests of the motherland and the people like him、Fight for revolution and construction、philosophers who collect scholars and soldiers in one，But there are a few that can be a few。Comrade Ai Siqi is a veritable people's philosopher。"" "The first volume of" Aisic Book ") This is not only a high evaluation of Ai Sichi，It is also a key to help us understand the academic thoughts of Aisic。

Ai Siqi handwriting

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Ai Siqi established a big ideal in his youth。In 1925, he was admitted to Lili No. 1 Middle School in Yunnan Province，Actively participate in progressive Bet365 lotto review student movements，Communication activities of participating in progressive thoughts，Participated in the "Youth Effective Society" of the Communist Party of China，。1927 and 1930，He went to Japan twice to study。During this period，He has a strong interest in philosophy，Read a lot of works，Especially Marxist classic works，Eventually attracted by the truth power of Marxist philosophy，Start accepting Marxist worldview，Become a faithful belief in Marxism。For this，Ai Siqi said，"I always want to find a scientific principle of a cosmic life from philosophy; but ancient philosophy is very mysterious，I don’t know it，Finally read the horse、Eun works，Suddenly open，The occurrence and development of the entire universe and the world，With a clearer understanding and reasonable explanation "。

After the September 18th Incident，Ai Siqi abandoned school，Drop of revolutionary cause。Come to Shanghai in 1932，The Shanghai period of his revolutionary activities and philosophical careers began。This is his first major turning point in his life。Ai Siqi participated in the revolutionary activity led by the Communist Party of China in Shanghai，Actively promote Marxist philosophy，Write a lot of articles，The most far -reaching influence is，At the end of 1934, he began a series of popular philosophy articles written for "Reading Life"，Total 24 articles。These articles were published at the end of 1935，This is "Philosophy Speech"。After the Kuomintang authorities are banned，Easy to name "Popular Philosophy"。"Popular Philosophy" was published by the majority of readers.，A total of 32 editions were printed before the founding of New China，Created the precedent of the popularization of Marxist philosophy，Aisic is known as "the first person of Marxist philosophy popularization"。

The writing of "Popular Philosophy" is not Ai Siqi for a moment，Not personal theoretical interests，but has a strong realistic pertinence。At that time, the Japanese imperialism occupied the Northeast，Ethnic crisis is unprecedented，The people of the people, especially the majority of young people, are extremely disappointed with the rule of the Kuomintang，Full of worry about the future of the country and the nation，full of confusion about "where China goes"。Answer to these questions，Can't be limited to simply discussing things，and the height of the worldview and methodology must be ascended，Guide readers to think，From spontaneous to conscious，A scientific conclusion，Make the right choice。Ai Siqi pointed out，"I just hope this book is on the streets of the city，In the store，In the countryside，Famination of the scholars to solve the wisdom of the scholars "。"It is not a beautiful decoration，It's just a dried big cake。"In fact，It is this "dried big cake" keen capturing the pulse of the times，A bridge was set up between Marxist philosophy and the people，It has extremely extensive and far -reaching influence，Wandering for countless in the dark、A progressive young man who thought about in pain opened a finger bright lamp，Help them eventually embark on the road of revolution。"Philosophy must grasp the pulse of the times。Ai Siqi's "Popular Philosophy" was caught at that time，So I won so many readers。People who engage in philosophy if they cannot grasp the pulse of the times，I don’t understand this，The so -called connection will actually float on the face。"Comrade Mao Zedong wrote" Practice theory "and" Contradiction Theory "，It is also affected by some "Popular Philosophy"。He said many times that he "benefited a lot" from Aisic's works。

"Popular Philosophy" has made outstanding contributions to the Chinese form of bet365 live casino games the establishment of Marxist philosophy。The 1930s，Marxist philosophy has "in China"，But "Sinicization" has not yet been realized，This is particularly reflected in it with a clear "foreign" branding，Lack of China's own form，Lack of works with extensive influence。"Popular Philosophy" fills this "blank" to a certain extent。From a formal perspective，"Popular Philosophy" has realized the popularization of Marxist philosophy，Li Gong Pu said in the preface to the writing: "This book is the most popular pen，Tracing of daily speech，Special Theory of melting special theory，Make Volkswagen readers accept it without having to take a lot of energy。This way of writing，The only contribution in the current publishing industry。"He pointed out，Some people suspect that "popularity will flow in vulgar"，But "Popular Philosophy" is "out of shallow to deep"，"The author's many problems in new philosophy，Sometimes explaining is clearer than all other works。Although it is a popular work，But there are many deepening places。Especially explanations in epistemology "。This evaluation，From the perspective today，It is still very appropriate。

Ai Siqi has made great efforts for this，"" Popular Philosophy "really spent a lot of energy。If I use the same energy to do special academic research，I think you can have at least twice more results. "。This is the reason for this，It is because "popular articles require us to write specific、Easy，To make a piece with real life。Writing technology is the first essential meaning，At the same time, the theory can not have a slightest distortion，This is a difficulty。This difficulty is even more common in philosophy.。Aisic's understanding with Lenin's famous assertion "Maximum Marxism = Maximum Popularization"，All reveals the popularization of Marxism.，Instead, there are extremely high requirements。Only Marxist theoretical level with "maximum limit"，can achieve popularization; instead，The popularization of "Maximum" also means the deepening and development of Marxism。

From the perspective of content，The book system explains what the philosophy is、The fundamental question of philosophy、The party of the philosophy、Basic principles of materialism theory、​​A series of major issues such as the basic laws and basic categories of dialectics，Especially the explanation of epistemology is extraordinary，Not only does it make a brilliant summary of the process of understanding，also highlights the contradiction movement of perceptual understanding and rational understanding，Repeatedly demonstrated the status and role of practice。These contents are read today，Still feel kind，A sense of no strangeness and disobedience。This is the reason for this，It is because of its frame structure、Mounted Layout、The way of expression has been "Chinese -style conversion"，With a relatively distinctive Chinese style Chinese style，This has extremely profoundly affected the academic system and discourse system of Chinese Marxist philosophy for many years。"This architecture，Not completely copying foreign works。Marx、Engels、Lenin's philosophical works，There is no such ready -made system; there are many differences with Stalin's "Dialectical Materialism and Historical Materialism theory"。"" "" "，This is also the case for some specific expressions。"For example, the usual works are described together for the purpose and causality，This book attributes it to a section of possibility and reality，The final end of the book。This aspect、Human purpose has a direct relationship，It is natural to connect this; on the other hand，List human purpose activities in the last section，It can directly transfer bet365 best casino games the theory of all philosophy directly into the practical issue of 'change world'。The important problem of the new philosophy is to change the world '，So the narrative order here is the most appropriate。"" Generally speaking，"Popular Philosophy" not only created the precedent of the popularization of Marxist philosophy，and actually promoted the Chineseization of Marxist philosophy。

　　Promote the Chineseization of Marxist Philosophy

October 1937，Aisic came to Yan'an，Start another major turning point in his life。September 1938，Mao Zedong proposed the establishment of Yan'an "New Philosophy Society"，from Aisic、He Sijing Presides the Conference Work。10 years in Yan'an，Ai Siqi is first resistant、Professor of Professor of Public School in Northern Shaanxi，Responsible for the work of the Border District Cultural Association，Later, I went to Marxism -Leninism Academy、The Central Propaganda Department and the Liberation Daily are the leadership work。This period，Ai Siqi under the direct leadership of the Party Central Committee，I have done a lot of theoretical research and publicity and popularization work，Especially through learning and studying and promoting Mao Zedong philosophical thought，Vigorously promote the Chineseization of Marxist philosophy，Make outstanding contributions to this。

Aisic at this time，Unprecedented success due to the publication of "Popular Philosophy"，Won a high reputation for him。But Ai Sichi believes，Popularization is just the "preliminary" of Sinicization，"Popularization is not equal to the reality of Sinicization"，Must be based on this，Further realize the reality of Sinicization。April 1938，Ai Siqi clearly stated in "The Status and Mission of Philosophy and Mission".、Realistic exercise "，"Sinicization and realization of philosophy! Now we are going to come to such a call"。About the Chineseization and realization of philosophy，Ai Siqi clearly pointed out: "This is not the exercise in the classroom of Shuzhai，Not the exercise of the abuse of formulas，It is necessary to absorb philosophical nutrients from the experience of mobilization of the Anti -Japanese War in various departments，Theory of Development Philosophy。Then use the philosophical theory of this development to apply，Instruction of our ideological action，We have to follow the experience of each period，Continuously enrich and develop our theory，instead of the fixed philosophical theory，as a dead formula for governing everything。""，The core of the realization of philosophy is to develop philosophy from drawing nutrition from practical practice，In turn of the philosophy of development, guide practice。Philosophy here，refers to Marxist philosophy，It is dialectical materialism，"The most important thing is practice，Dialectical materialism is the most consistent philosophy of practice "。

October 1938，In the report of the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China，Classic expression of Sinicization of Marxism，"Sinicization of Marxism，Make it with Chinese characteristics in each of its performance，means，Apply it according to China's specific，It is a problem that the whole party needs to understand and urgently needs to be solved "。This classic discussion is also applicable to the Chineseization of Marxist philosophy。In fact，In "Practical Theory" and "Contradiction Theory"，Mao Zedong has demonstrated the philosophical principles of the universal and special nature of contradictions，The basis for philosophy for the Sinicization of Marxism。Ai Siqi is very keenly grasped the significance of Mao Zedong's philosophical thought to the Chineseization of Marxist philosophy，He pointed out in 1941 "Reviews of several important philosophical ideology bet365 live casino games since the War of Resistance Against Japan"，Comrade Mao Zedong's "On the Musles", "On the New Stage", "New Democraticism" is the "glorious example of the Sinicization of Marxism"，"Is the biggest historical harvest of Marxist Sinicization and Dialectical Materialism"，"These works，Prove the application of the Sinicization of Marxism and the application of dialectical materialism，is the most correct solution to China's revolutionary problems，Marxism and dialectical materialism are completely suitable for China's national conditions "。

From the perspective of philosophical principles，The problem of Sinicization of Marxism is the dialectical relationship of "general" and "special nature"。February 1940，Ai Siqi explained in -depth in the article "On the Specialties of China"，"Special and generally inseparable from，In all things in the real world，No absolute special，There is no absolute general。General things are often manifested in various special forms，Special things，It is often the specialization of some kind of general things "。As far as the Sinicization of Marxism，From general to special perspective，Is a general "application" to special，"Use Marx、The laid by Engels、Scientific methods of dialectical materialism and political economics，Come and objectively study China's socio -economic relations，Come to determine the specific tasks and strategies of the Chinese proletariat in the struggle of the Chinese national revolution "。From a special to general angle，It is a special "creation" general。"Creation" here，It is "to practice Marxism in a certain specific environment，Create Marxist career under the special conditions of a certain country "，It is "Put some new contributions to Marxism's total treasure house ... new contribution"。

What needs attention is，"Application" and "Creation" here，Not independent of each other、Two "things" tied with each other，Instead, two different perspectives of the same "unified"、Grasp of different dimensions，This "unity" is the general unity of general and special，It is the basic principle of Marxism and the specific reality of China，is the Chineseization of Marxism。For the Communist Party of China，Sinicization of Marxism is never an abstract and empty philosophical concept，but crack the real problem、Grasp the powerful weapon of the lifeblood of the times。This is our understanding of contemporary China、The key to understanding the Sinicization of Marxism is，It is also the life of Marxism Chinese、Where the strength is、Hope where I am。

Build a Chinese -based Marxist philosophical textbook system

After the founding of New China，Ai Siqi devoted to great enthusiasm to the work of Marxist philosophy and popularization.。He has been working at the Central Party School，Director of the Philosophy Teaching and Research Office and Vice President of the Central Party School。While undertaking a large number of teaching and leadership work，He also wrote many theories and academic articles，Play an important role in helping the cadres and the people accurately understand Marxism。"Dialectical Materialism History Materialism" edited in the 1960s，The foundation for the system of Marxist philosophy in my country，Established a model，Dimension for decades of decades，Affected generations of generations of readers。

After the founding of New China，Our party attaches great importance to the party members and cadres and the majority of young people in Marxist philosophy，But for a long time，Lack of a Marxist philosophical textbook with Chinese characteristics，To this end, it can only be temporarily used in Soviet textbooks。Soviet textbooks cannot reflect the historical experience of the Chinese revolution and construction，It does not meet the development needs of Chinese practice。bet365 best casino games For this，1960，The Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China commissioned the Ministry of Propaganda and the Ministry of Education，Organizational power writing two textbooks that reflect the historical experience of the Communist Party of China，One of them is Marxist philosophy textbook。Aisic as editor -in -chief，From the overall structure to the content of each chapter，From basic views to specific materials，From writing outline to final fixed manuscript，Great efforts have been paid，Play an important role。Lu Guoying, who had served as his secretary, recalled: "Ai Siki spent a lot of effort to modify each chapter，The preliminary drafts of many chapters often change to face。I remember very clearly，The most changed is Chapter 1 (Int Theory) and Economic Basic and upper -level buildings (Chapter 12)，especially the chapter of economic foundation and upper -level buildings，After he made a big change，Sample out，He made a big change again，Those who are those who are three times。”

"Dialectical Materialism History Materialism" was officially published in November 1961，From then、Marxist philosophy textbooks with Chinese characteristics。"Classic textbooks as a Chinese philosophy in the philosophy of Marxist，Its meaning lies in，Through hard exploration and grinding，Exploring the Chinese -based Marxist philosophy expression system，Build a popular Chinese -based Marxist philosophy system，Exploring for the future、Innovative Marxist philosophy，The new form of Marxist philosophy has laid a solid foundation。"It also changed the" dialectical materialism "of Marxist philosophical teaching in the past、Constant Fan Norf's "Historical Materialism" and the "Principles of Marxist Philosophy" edited by the Institute of Philosophy of the Soviet Academy of Sciences。

October 1962，Ai Siqi was invited to give a speech on the Department of Philosophy of Renmin University of China to give a speech on "Some Issues on Philosophy Textbooks"，Elaborated the principle of writing textbooks。First，Stability principle。Focus on explaining the conclusion in classic works，or the theoretical circles that have gained unanimous opinions; second，Accurate and comprehensive principles。It is necessary to accurately clarify the general principle of Marxist philosophy，It is also necessary to explain the important contribution of Mao Zedong's philosophical thought。third，Adaptation object principle。It is necessary to adapt to the needs of teachers，Also adapt to students' needs。fourth，Baijia Contention Principles。Try to avoid directly involving the problem of controversy in the theoretical world，It is also necessary for teachers and students to discuss full discussions in class。These principles have been well implemented in "Dialectical Materialism History"，The principles of writing generally followed by philosophy textbooks，Establishing guidance thoughts for the construction of the Marxist philosophy textbook system with Chinese characteristics。

The biggest feature of "Dialectical Materialism History" is its distinct "Chineseization"。This book focuses on the practice of combining the Chinese revolution and construction，Combined with the actual situation of Chinese history and Chinese culture，Use rich fresh historical experience and actual situation to clarify the basic principles of Marxist philosophy，Clarify the meaning of the scientific methodology of Marxist philosophy to China，Especially it focuses on absorbing and reflecting the richness and development of Marxist philosophy with Comrade Mao Zedong as the main representative，Think of "Comrade Mao Zedong's" Practical Theory "、"Contradiction Theory"、"Questions to deal with the internal contradictions of the people" and other philosophical works，Summary new historical bet365 Play online games experience，Make Marx Leninist philosophy further development。All the works of Comrade Mao Zedong，Using dialectical materialism and historical materialism solves a series of problems in my country's revolution and construction "。Chinese elements everywhere in the book，For example, seeking truth from facts、Without a survey, there is no right to speak、Is there any phase -born、"There are targeted", "Piano Piano", "Walking on two legs", "Fire of Stars、You can "can" "from the masses，Go to the masses "... plus popular authentic Chinese discourse，Even after many years，We can still be in the process of reading the text，Feeling the Chinese style Chinese style of Chinese style，This is China's Marxist philosophy，It is also China in Marxist philosophy。"Classic textbooks as a Chinese philosophy in the philosophy of Marxist，Its meaning lies in，Through hard exploration and grinding，Exploring the Chinese -based Marxist philosophy expression system，Build a popular Chinese -based Marxist philosophy system，Explore in the future、Innovative Marxist philosophy，The new form of Marxist philosophy has laid a solid foundation。”

For a philosopher，The most important thing is his philosophy。Judging of a philosophy，The most important criterion is not how high this philosophical content is，How delicate and complete is the form，and to what extent it can satisfy a country、A nation、The needs of an era。Aisic never talks about theory，Never be a short philosopher，and always combine your philosophical work with the future and fate of the country and the nation，Think of what people want，Worry about the people's concerns，Breathing with the people in a philosophical way、Common destiny，Unwilling，Do learning for the people，It is a well -deserved people's philosopher。As General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out，We now need to be able to talk about Marxism in localization like Aisica now。We want to spread Marxism，Can't follow the Propaganda Department、Seeking chapters，Volkswagen、Popularization。This is the enlightenment given by Comrade Aisica。Today after 55 years of his death，Facing the new journey of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation，Facing the new realm of Sinicization, Sinicization, which is continuously opened，We can say，Ai Siqi is still "alive"，His philosophy "alive"，His career for his life is full of vitality，Fenghua Zhengmao。

　　(The author is deputy director of the Institute of Foreign Literature of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、Executive Director of the China Dialectical Materialism Research Association)