Although contemporary society has long been accustomed to treating Yan Emperor as、The Yellow Emperor is collectively called "Yanhuang",But in early Chinese documents,The world is more accustomed to calling the two together "Huang Yan"。The change from "Huang Yan" to "Yan Huang",Not just a change in the surface of the text,Behind this lies the derivation of the image of bet365 bonus code pa and the process of identity construction。
bet365 bonus code pa was regarded as the target of Huang Emperor’s conquest,Ancestor named bet365 bonus code pa
About Yandi、The story of Huangdi may have been circulated for a long time,But the two were written together in classics in the Spring and Autumn Period。Existing documentation,The earliest record of the direct connection between the Yellow Emperor and the Yan Emperor comes from the narrative of Sikong Jizi in "Guoyu·Jinyu IV"。The dilemma of marriage choice for Prince Chong'er of Jin Dynasty,Sikong Jizi cited the story of the Yellow Emperor and the Yan Emperor conquering each other,In Sikong Jizi’s discourse logic,Yellow Emperor、Even though bet365 bonus code pa has the same father and mother,But they grow differently,This leads to "achievements but different virtues",So the Yellow Emperor is Ji,bet365 bonus code pa is Jiang,The two emperors used their teachers to help each other,The reason for the different virtues”。It can be known from Sikong Jizi’s narrative,In the eyes of the people of the Spring and Autumn Period,Yellow Emperor、bet365 bonus code pa is a brother: they both come from the Shaodian family,could have been the same surname,But in the end they have different achievements and different virtues,Belongs to the two surnames Ji Jiang,Then leading to a situation of killing each other。Combined with the discourse logic of Sikong Jizi’s preface to the twenty-five sons of the Yellow Emperor to establish the twelve surnames in the world,Between Huangdi and Yandi,The one Sikong Jizi admires and praises should be the Yellow Emperor。
This admiration mentality is also seen in another dialogue between the kings and ministers of the Jin Dynasty,That is, the divination activities between Duke Wen of Jin and Bu Yan about whether to rescue King Xiang of Zhou, recorded in Zuo Zhuan in the 25th year of Duke Xi's reign。Question about whether Duke Wen of Jin is a diligent king,Bu Yan’s divination is “auspicious”,Omen of encountering the Yellow Emperor fighting at Banquan"。Although Bu Yan did not explicitly state the results of Huangdi’s conquest,But the kings and ministers of Jin came to an auspicious conclusion,Enough to reveal that Huangdi was the winner of the Battle of Banquan,And bet365 bonus code pa is the loser。
It can be seen from the content of these conversations,Spring and Autumn Time,People generally believe that bet365 bonus code pa and Emperor Huang lived in the same era,And was the target of the Yellow Emperor's conquest。Based on the historical context at that time,Huangdi’s conquest of Yandi,It also contains the process of confrontation and hegemony between Jin and Qi: Huangdi is the ancestor of Ji,And bet365 bonus code pa is the ancestor with the surname Jiang;Jin and Qi are representatives of the two surnames Ji and Jiang respectively,Sees himself as the Yellow Emperor、Descendants of bet365 bonus code pa。here,The battle between Huangdi and Yandi directly pointed to the competition and dominance between Jin and Qi at that time。The words of Shi Mo recorded in "Zuo Zhuan" in the ninth year of Ai Gong,This is a typical manifestation of this concept: facing the Jin army coach Zhao Jianzi’s hesitation on whether to save Zheng’s enemy Song,Shi Mo’s divination says: “bet365 bonus code pa is the Fire Master,The surname Jiang is also followed。Water beats fire,You can cut ginger”。Obviously,This is another very direct metaphor of "Yellow Emperor fighting Yan Emperor" in real politics。
"The Yellow Emperor Fights the Yan Emperor" in the Spring and Autumn Period,Spread to Qin and Han Dynasties through the Warring States Period,So much so that it blends in with the story of "Yellow Emperor fighting Chi You"、Tangled,This made Sima Qian record the Yellow Emperor and Chi You in an eclectic way when writing "The Chronicles of the Five Emperors"、The Two Conquests of bet365 bonus code pa,There are Shennong before and after it as a symbol of the times。This writing by Tai Shigong paved the way for later controversies,But it shows Shen Nong、bet365 bonus code pa、The knowledge that Chi You is divided into three persons。Different from Sima Qian’s writing,Jia Yi's "New Book·Yirang" follows the ancient theory of the Spring and Autumn Period,Believe that Huangdi is the brother of Yandi and "Yandi is immoral","The Yellow Emperor's Attack on the Wilderness of Zhuolu,Blood flow drifting pestle,Kill bet365 bonus code pa and take over his territory,The world is governed”。similar to Jia Yi,"Huainanzi Military Training" says, "The Yellow Emperor tried to fight with the Yan Emperor... The Yan Emperor was a fire,So the Yellow Emperor captured him",To prove that "the husband is a soldier,So violence and chaos are forbidden”。The writing of these documents can be seen as the further interpretation of the story of "Yellow Emperor's Conquest of Yan Emperor" by the society of the Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties,It is the persistence and retelling of the words passed down from ancient times。At the same time,What is different from the Spring and Autumn Society,Although they are all talking about the story of "Yellow Emperor fighting Yan Emperor",But it no longer highlights the identity of the ancestors of the two surnames Ji and Jiang。This change in writing and interpretation,Contains the ancient theory that although later generations of society still adhere to the "Yellow Emperor versus Yan Emperor",But the connotation of the words has moved away from the difference between Ji Jiang and the two surnames,Not only is it not necessarily related to the struggle between Jin and Qi for hegemony,And it has been given new meaning and function。
bet365 bonus code pa transformed into an ancient emperor who preceded Yellow Emperor
Different from "Yellow Emperor fighting Yan Emperor" which has been given new connotations,There is another way to derive the image of bet365 bonus code pa,That is, bet365 bonus code pa is no longer the target of conquest by Huang Emperor,And became the emperor before the Yellow Emperor。"Yizhou Shu·Changmaijie" is what we have seen so far and also records bet365 bonus code pa、Yellow Emperor、The earliest text about the complex relationship between Chi You and the three people,Its writing also means that the status of bet365 bonus code pa has been elevated to that of Emperor Huang。
Combined with diction、Ideological content and text style,It is generally believed that the era when "Yi Zhou Shu·Chang Mai Jie" was written was during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period。At this point in time, the ethnic groups of China are merging、The era of unified surnames,The two surnames Ji and Jiang no longer distinguish bet365 bonus code pa、Important standards of the Yellow Emperor,Integration of ethnic groups in real society,It will also inevitably reflect the changes in the relationship between Yan and Huang。In "Yi Zhou Shu·Chang Mai Jie",The author uses simple writing style to borrow from the mouth of the King of Zhou,Telling about what happened to bet365 bonus code pa、Chi You、The rule between the three Yellow Emperors、Rebellion、The story of quelling chaos。Among them,The Yan Emperor owned the world before the Yellow Emperor,Become the common master of the world,Ruling Chi You、Shaohao。Afterwards,Chi You is greedy and tyrannical、Arrogant and rebellious,Persecuting bet365 bonus code pa and causing chaos in the world。In this case,The bet365 bonus code pa "said it to the Yellow Emperor" (Let the world be subordinate to the Yellow Emperor),Liu Shipei's "Book of Zhou Supplements"),So Huangdi "held Chiyou",Kill in Zhongji,Release anger with armored soldiers,Use Taisho Shuntian Thoughts Order,Ji Yu Dachang”。Obviously,The Yan Emperor here is the previous emperor who can be passed down to the Yellow Emperor。Even if we don’t understand Yan Emperor’s “speak of Huang Emperor” as the passing of bet365 bonus code pa,The two are no longer in a relationship against each other,But union、Alliance,And then fight against the common enemy——Chi You。
Although the author of "Checking Mai" still highlights the achievements and virtues of Huangdi,But among them,bet365 bonus code pa took the initiative to join forces with Emperor Huang when facing threats、Alliance,It may even be said to be located in the Yellow Emperor。From this perspective,The story of the “Yanhuang Alliance” that has been circulated in later generations,The earliest writing can be traced back to the writing of "Yi Zhou Shu·Chang Mai Jie": the author's subjective purpose is to explain the beginning of the formation of the "today's" order,However, it is objectively revealed that the relationship between Huang and Yan has gradually changed from parallel to sequential。
The expression of bet365 bonus code pa before Yellow Emperor,Not only found in "Yi Zhou Shu·Changmai Jie",Also seen in "Guanzi·Fengchan": the author listed the activities of ancient emperors to Fengchan,Place "Yandi Feng Taishan" in Shennong、Between the Yellow Emperors,Shows the understanding that bet365 bonus code pa is earlier than Emperor Huang。Otherwise,The "Five Directions Emperor" and "Five Color Emperor" of the Yin Yang and Five Elements knowledge system,Assign bet365 bonus code pa to Meng Zhongji and Sanxia、The Yellow Emperor placed it at the end of Jixia ("Book of Rites·Yue Ling")。Maybe the "Yan Emperor" and "Huang Emperor" here do not have the status of ancient emperors,But with the blending of words,The sequence of seasons and months must also contain the bet365 bonus code pa、The sequence of the Yellow Emperor’s reign。At the same time,Although "Guanzi Fengchan" revealed that Shennong and bet365 bonus code pa were two different emperors,But the two are connected before and after,Furthermore, "Book of Rites·Yue Ling" and "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals·Twelve Chronicles" clearly state that the emperor must not "impede Shennong's affairs" during the period of Jixia dominated by bet365 bonus code pa。here,These words also contain the opportunity for bet365 bonus code pa and Shennong to gradually merge into one。About the time when bet365 bonus code pa and Shennong became one,Gu Jiegang believes that the Shi Jing of the late Western Han Dynasty should be used as a symbol。Combined with Jia Yi、Sima Qian and others’ narration of the story of bet365 bonus code pa,This judgment is accurate。In other words,With the help of relevant discourses from the pre-Qin period,In the middle and late Western Han Dynasty,bet365 bonus code pa and Shennong gradually merged into one。At the same time,bet365 bonus code pa also relied on Shennong’s reputation in the hearts of the world,It is logical to become one of the "Three Emperors",Known as “The bet365 bonus code pa Shennong”。
The reason why bet365 bonus code pa was promotedThe spread of Yan bet365 bonus code pa’s virtue
bet365 bonus code pa was promoted to before Emperor Huang、Become the common master of the world before the Yellow Emperor,It’s not Xiangbi’s fiction、Nothing to rely on,There is a basis for moral concepts and ethnic identity。
In the Spring and Autumn Society,Although there are stories that bet365 bonus code pa was conquered by Huang Emperor and even failed,But at the same time, the world is also praising bet365 bonus code pa’s virtues。"Zuo Zhuan" records in the 17th year of Zhaogong that Tan Ziyun said: "Huang Di's family is recorded in clouds,So he is named Yunshi;Yandi clan rules with fire,So he is a fire master and named after fire;Gonggong’s discipline is based on water,So he is a water master and named after water;Dahao clan’s Dragon Chronicle,So he is a dragon master and named after dragon。”Which,The Yan Emperor is after the Yellow Emperor,Using the Fire Discipline、Officials with fire,Contains Tanzi’s affirmation of bet365 bonus code pa’s virtue。Because after telling about the ancestor Shaohao named his official as a bird,Tan Zi clearly stated that “since Zhuan Xu”,Cannot be far away,Nai Ji Yu Jin,To serve the people as a teacher and order the people to serve as civil servants,It can’t be the case”,There is infinite sadness and regret in the words。In Tan Zi’s opinion,Zhuanxu, who "cannot keep track of the distance", was lacking in virtue,It’s hard to talk to Shaohao、Huangdi clan、Yandi clan、Gonggongshi、Taihao clan comparison。Obviously,In Tan Zi’s mind,The virtues of bet365 bonus code pa are worthy of praise and inheritance by future generations。
Same connotation,Also shown in the words of Prince Jin of the Zhou royal family during the Spring and Autumn Period: "Guoyu·Zhouyuxia" records that Prince Jin of the Zhou royal family advised King Ling of Zhou,After Siyue, the grandson of Gonggong, assisted Dayu in successfully controlling floods,Emperor Yao "Zuo Siyue Kingdom,Fate is Hou Bo,Given the surname Jiang,His name is Youlu"。To this,Wei Zhao's "Mandarin Notes" points out that the four mountains mentioned by Prince Jin are the first ones with the surname Jiang,Also a descendant of bet365 bonus code pa。Combined with Prince Jin’s discourse logic,What Wei Zhao said is consistent with the original meaning of the original text of "Guoyu"。Siyue、The descendants of bet365 bonus code pa are related to the social reality of the Spring and Autumn Period,Prince Jin believes that those countries or tribes that have risen and fallen can be called "Queens of Huang Yan",That is, "How can a person whose husband is dead be unfavored?All are after Huang Yan”。In other words,In the view of Prince Jin,Those Xia Yu、The descendants of Siyue can be collectively called "Queens of Huang Yan"。No doubt,The virtues of bet365 bonus code pa have pointed to the political order of real society,Became the legal basis for the descendants of the Jiang family to establish the country and administer it for generations to come。It is at this level,As the successor of the emperor, Prince Jin said "Shen、Lu Jishuai,Qi、The true meaning of "Xu Youzai",To emphasize the continuation and inheritance of bet365 bonus code pa’s virtues by future generations。This deep discourse connotation is reflected in the concepts of people in the Spring and Autumn Period,bet365 bonus code pa is an emperor with great virtues that will be passed down to future generations,It is precisely because of bet365 bonus code pa’s virtue,Qi as the surname Jiang、Xu and other countries gained the legitimacy and legitimacy of the regime。
Obviously,Compared with Tanzi,Prince Jin’s expression of bet365 bonus code pa’s virtues being passed down to future generations,Clearer、Clear。At the same time,In the words of two people,The Yan Emperor does not have the qualities to become the common master of the world before the Yellow Emperor。If you must distinguish bet365 bonus code pa、The Yellow Emperor’s words in order,Then both of them stated that Huang Di came first、bet365 bonus code pa is behind,Especially in the words of Prince Jin,The title "Queen Huang Yan" shows that he and Sikong Jizi、Bu Yan is the same,Continuing the Yellow Emperor、The understanding that bet365 bonus code pa parallels and admires Huangdi at the same time。However,Prince Jin、Tan Zi’s words are enough to explain,In the concept of people in the Spring and Autumn Period,bet365 bonus code pa is an emperor whose virtues will be passed down to future generations。With the integration of ethnic groups、The era of unified surnames has truly arrived,The surname Ji Jiang is no longer an important criterion for distinguishing Chinese people。here,The recognition that bet365 bonus code pa is virtuous has improved bet365 bonus code pa’s status,And then preceded the Yellow Emperor in chronological order,Become the common master of the world。
In short,In early Chinese discourse,There is an obvious process of change in the image of bet365 bonus code pa,The spread of Yan Emperor’s virtue is the basis for the world’s discourse to construct the relationship between Yan and Huang,The integration of ethnic groups is the deep basis for the transformation of bet365 bonus code pa’s identity。From this,Not only was the story of the “Yan-Huang Alliance” written,The original "Queen of Huang Yan" has gradually transformed into "Queen of Yan and Huang"。
(The author is the person in charge bet365 bonus code pa National Social Science Foundation Project "Research on the Derivation bet365 bonus code pa Image bet365 bonus code pa Five Emperors in the Discourses of Pre-Qin and Han Dynasty and the Formation of Related Documents"、Associate professor at the School of Liberal Arts, Beijing Normal University)
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