System opening is an openness of the rules system，It means that my country must be in the rules、Regulations and other aspects steadily advance to the docking with high standard international economic and trade rules。Under the background of the reform of the new round of international economic and trade rules system and the reconstruction of global economic and trade order，China should more actively explore high -standard international economic and trade rules，Efforts are changed from the followers and recipients of the rules to the maker and promoter of the rules，Realize the upgrade from the flow of flow of goods and factor to the institutional type.。

High -standard international economic and trade rules present new features 

First, the level of openness is higher。In the regional economic and trade agreement reached in recent years，The terms of economic and trade rules generally show higher level of open commitment。From the perspective of tariff barriers，The average final zero tariff ratio of the "Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement" (RCEP) exceeds 90%，"Comprehensive and Progressive Cross -Pacific Partnership Agreement" (CPTPP) reached 99%，"Japan -Europe Economic Partnership Agreement" (EPA) in Japan and the European Union reached 94%and 99%, respectively。From the perspective of non -tariff barriers，RCEP、CPTPP、Japan -Europe EPA and other economic and trade agreements in customs clearance procedures、Technical trade barriers、Animal and plant quarantine measures and other aspects have put forward higher requirements for facilitation。

The second is to cover the wide range。Based on the WTO rules system，The new regional economic and trade agreement shows a trend of expanding from the border rules to the border rules。Border rules more represent the rules that are open and open in the flow of products and elements，and the rules Bet365 lotto review of the border more representative of the institutional open rules。in RCEP、CPTPP、Japan -Europe EPA and other economic and trade agreements，More or less stipulated the above issues，"USMCA" (USMCA) further added macro policies and exchange rate issues。

Three is to highlight the concept of fairness。Traditional international economic and trade rules take "free trade" as the primary goal，and the new round of international economic and trade rules reconstruction emphasizes national interests，The concept of "fair trade" becomes the lead。Where，The representative rules of investment fair policy are the management of national treatment and negative list before admission，CPTPP、Japanese EPA and USMCA both adopt a negative list mode，and RCEP mainly adopted a negative list model in the field，CPTPP、Japanese EPA and USMCA have formulated restricted clauses for state -owned enterprises and monopoly enterprises。

Fourth is that regional characteristics are more obvious。Current，Regional economic cooperation represented by the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) has become an important mechanism for reshaping global economic and trade rules，Various types of bilateral and regional trade agreements appear in large quantities。As of June 2023，The number of regional trade agreements (RTA) that has accumulated in the world reached 360。Especially since 2018，CPTPP、Japan -Europe EPA、USMCA、RCEP and other super large regional economic and trade agreements have taken effect in implementation，To a certain extent, the alternative of economic globalization for economic regionalization，and gradually form the mainstream system of global high -standard economic and trade rules。

Key areas and response for the docking of economic and trade rules 

Thirty -0 rules。that is zero tariff、Zero Farm、Zero subsidy，Its goal is to eliminate tariffs and various non -tariff barriers of most trading products，and various subsidies for distorted market prices。Although the current global average tariff has dropped to a lower level，Tariff reduction commitments in various regional economic and trade agreements also reach higher intensity，Bet365 app download But there is still a long way to really achieve zero tariffs to go，and zero barriers、Zero subsidy is more difficult to achieve higher。For our country，Thirty -10 rules can be used as an important part of the rule of high standard economic and trade rules，In order to step by step、Principles of controlling risks，Division、Steady progress in stages。

Digital trade rules。Promoting the construction of a digital trade rules system is the core content of the current reconstruction of international economic and trade rules。United States、The EU uses bilateral and regional economic and trade agreements as a carrier，Build various characteristics of digital trade rules system。Where，"American Template" emphasizes the opening of the digital market，Put forward cross -border data free flow、Cancellation of digital localization restrictions and source code disclosure; "European template" emphasizes personal privacy protection，Proposal of effective supervision of cross -border data。China's digital trade is at the world's leading level，In the future, I should take the application to add depa as an opportunity，Develop digital trade rules that meet their own development and national conditions。

Competitive neutral rules。Competition is neutrally designed to ensure that market competition is not monopolized、Interference of unfair factors such as subsidies，Ensure the fair position of the market competition subject，and then put forward higher requirements for the supporting and reform of my country's domestic rules。For this，On the one hand, it should prevent the United States and Europe from the expansion of the connotation of competition in the United States and Europe.，On the other hand, accelerate the advancement of the classification reform and classification governance of state -owned enterprises，Gradually establish a competitive policy system that conforms to international practice。

Intellectual property protection。Compared with the Trade -related Intellectual Property Agreement (TRIPS) reached in 1994，The new round of economic and bet365 live casino games trade rules have further expanded the patent、Trademark and other intellectual property protection objects of the intellectual property protection objects，At the same time, strict law enforcement measures are stipulated。In the process of steadily promoting institutional openness，In addition to strict implementation of the relevant terms of intellectual property protection in the "Foreign Investment Law", my country，It is necessary to properly balance the relationship between intellectual property protection and technical communication。

Government procurement rules。CPTPP、Japan -Europe EPA、USMCA's government procurement chapter clauses show the expansion of the scope of the procurement body、Standardization of bidding procedures、Features of electronic purchasing system。my country officially applied to join the "Government Procurement Agreement" (GPA) at the end of 2007，The level of open commitment continues to improve，But the requirements of the main participants in the GPA still have not reached the requirements of the main participants。At the same time，China is also actively joining government procurement issues in bilateral and regional economic and trade agreements that my country also participated。Future，my country should persist in step -by -step、Principles of tolerance differences，Continue to carry out negotiations on government procurement issues of the Free Trade Agreement，and pay attention to the implementation of the government's procurement market through scientific evaluation。

Environment and labor standards。In recent years，The frequency of environmental clauses in the economic and trade agreement has increased significantly，Show the scope of environmental protection expansion、Deep integration of environmental and trade investment、Rules restriction and other trends。But my country's environmental clauses that have signed a free trade agreement are in the range、Obligation、constraints, etc. There are gaps。For this，Explore the establishment of biological safety、Chinese Bet365 app download environmental rules clause in specific fields such as climate change，At the same time, accelerate the coordination and docking of domestic environmental regulations and high standard economic and trade rules。Labor standards，my country has reached the world's leading level in many fields，But it still needs to be further strengthened in some union system arrangements，In the future, you can focus on the docking of some procedural rules。

Stable advancement of institutional open path selection 

First，Actively participate and promote the WTO reform。Maintain an open、Transparent、The tolerance multilateral trading system is still an important issue for the current。The main problems existing in the WTO operating mechanism and rules system，my country should play the advantage of a large trading country，Same developing countries and the European Union、Japan and other developed economies together，Promote the operation of the WTO in the appealing agency、Exemption rules use、Trade relief measures to reform。Especially on the basis of defending the principles of the most benefited country in developing countries，Actively promote the WTO to the dispute resolution mechanism、Industrial subsidy、Open service industry、Digital trade and other incorporate reform issues。

Second，Focus on promoting the upgrade of the solid free trade agreement。Among the 19 free trade agreements that have been signed in my country，China -ASEAN、China -New Zealand、China -Chile、China -Singapore、China -Pakistan, etc.。Next，To respond to other signed free trade agreements, carry out upgrade negotiations with relevant countries，Join high -standard economic and trade rules issues that meet the stage of economic development and reform and opening up in my country，Strive to reach a higher level of upgraded version agreement。

third，steadily promotes CPTPP、DEPA and other agreements join negotiations。Fully sort out the main gap between my country's current rules and CPTPP and DEPA related terms，Formulate bet365 live casino games the negotiation plan and domestic reform docking measures。During the negotiation process, we should keep an eye on the development trend of the key member states of the agreement，Consultation for its demands; at the same time, actively contact the small and medium member states of the agreement，Classification policy、Promoting steadily。other，my country should also adhere to multiple ways to advance，Combined with the "Belt and Road" initiative to promote bilateral free trade agreements and class free trade arrangements for negotiations，Build the "Belt and Road" free trade zone network，Strive more initiative and discourse rights in the formulation of international economic and trade rules。

fourth，Give full play to the first trial role of the Pilot Free Trade Zone。Free Trade Pilot Zone and Hainan Free Trade Port are the best carriers for high -standard international economic and trade rules，It should be given greater reform and autonomy，Support the Free Trade Pilot Zone take the lead in the benchmarking CPTPP、DEPA and other economic and trade agreements，Actively explore institutional arrangements with higher degree of liberalization and convenience，and timely the system innovation results to copy and promote it to the whole country。For telecommunications、Environment、SME、Supply Chain Construction and other new issues，Differentiated pilot explorations can be performed in the conditional test area with conditions。

Fifth，Accelerate the construction of a new open economy system that is compatible with high standard rules。In the new round of economic and trade rules, for expanding market access、Create a fair environment、The requirements of strengthening intellectual property protection are basically consistent with the direction of deepening reforms in my country。Therefore，Should insist on active opening、Autonomous open，steadily promoting domestic laws and regulations with international high -standard economic and trade rules，Deepen foreign trade、Foreign Investment Management、Foreign Investment bet365 live casino games Management、Foreign -related finance and other fields and mechanism reforms，Continue to promote the innovation of the customs system、Reduce the negative list、Relax market access，Accelerate the construction of a higher -level open economy new system。

(Author Unit: Institute of International Economics and Political Sciences of Shandong Academy of Social Sciences)