January 2002，When Mr. Zhong Jingwen, who was known as the "people of the people", died of his death，Thousands of students from Zhong Jingwen from all over the country and their admirers，Self -evolved to Beijing Normal University to participate in mourning activities。"Beijing Daily" reported: "The Campus of the Northern Normal University has become the ocean of flowers。On the road，Next to the dormitory，From time to time, we can see Huang Ju、Lily、Carnations and other students with various flowers; the lobby of the large technology building，full of hundreds of flower baskets; Xiaohonglou, where Mr. Zhong lived during his lifetime，Flowers and bands sway with the wind;、On the aisle、Outside the door，dense hemp is full of flowers。Many old professors say，Normal University Campus，How many people have been sent away，I have never seen such a scene! "(" Send Zhong Jingwen Today ")

I only arrived in Beijing two days before the memorial service，Although I did not dedicate the flower basket，But I also did something meaningful。memorial service on this evening，I bought all the newspapers that I can buy on all newspapers near the North Normal University。Most of the newspapers in Beijing were reported in half of the newspaper that day，Some newspapers even used the whole version。The keywords with the highest frequency in these reports are "people's scholars"，In addition, there are "Father of Chinese Folk Studies", "One Generation Grand Master", "the oldest in -service professor in the world", "Famous Poet、Prose Family "，etc.。For example，"China Education Daily" is based on "The Scholar of the People -Professor Zhong Jingwen and the Chinese Folk Studies he created"。

1903，Zhong Jingwen was born in Haifeng, Guangdong，Life footprint from south to north，Time span exactly through the end of the end of the 20th century，He is often known as "Century Elderly" in his later years。The most rare thing is，His life，It can always be synchronized with the advanced ideas of the times and advanced culture，Pursue progress in my life、Entry academic，Except for the pen to cast a pen during the War of Resistance Against Japan，Almost never left the desk and podium。

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Chinese Modern Folk Studies began "Ballad Movement" in 1918 in Peking University。1922，"Ballad" Weekly Pioneer。When Zhong Jingwen just graduated from Guangdong Lu'an Normal School，Teaching in my hometown elementary school。He is inspired by the "Ballad" Weekly，Use the opportunity to live in small cities to facilitate approaching villagers and merchants，Search for folk literature information in all directions，Collect、Hundreds of various folk songs。

May 11, 1924，"Ballad" Weekly No. 54 The first appeared in Zhong Jingwen's name: "(April 16) received Zhong Jingwen Guangdong Haifeng Ballad Six。"Because the direction of the" Ballad "weekly publish，These six songs are not published。Zhong Jingwen is not discouraged，He was just a young man in his early 20s，It is the courage to learn、See the age of the wise thinking，I quickly wrote a discussion article such as "Reading" East of Guangdong "，Published in "Ballad" Weekly 67、No. 68，Since then, it bet365 live casino games cannot be reinforced。Zhong Jingwen became a communication member of the Peking University Ballad Research Association in 1925，and became one of the main writers of the Middle and late "Ballad" Weekly。Zhu Xizu once said: "A Jun Jun Jingwen in the Peking University Ballad Research Association，He collected about thousands of people。”

After the ballad movement is ended，Gu Jiegang came to Sun Yat -sen University in 1927，Plan to restart the song sports，Then Zhong Jingwen, who is being half -profiled at Lingnan University, recruits Zhongshan University，Assisting yourself to create a folklore society，Founding "Folklore" Weekly。Zhong Jingwen has since entered the core academic circle of modern Chinese folklore。

Although Gu Jiegang was the main person in charge of folklore during Sun Yat -sen University，But the work of organizing activities and coordination is basically undertaken by Zhong Jingwen and Rong Zhaozu。Zhong Jingwen is born with a strong tissue ability，I am good at solidifying multi -party forces for my use。Communication with the author，Not simply for a draft，Even in cultivating fellows。He said: "I have been because of interest and status for the year，觍，Learning Breakfast，This huge karma，Do not wait for others' finger，I have been full of ashamed and shudder。But，In the middle，One thing that makes me happy，It has gradually gathered many of the original hearts and strengths that have gradually gathered — our like -minded friends have increased day by day! "

After half a century later，Zhong Jingwen recalled this unforgettable experience，Humily sighed: "This period，I have participated in the establishment of a folklore society，Edit folk publication and series，Management of Folklore Studies Training Class，Of course, many articles are also written on the publication。Actually，At that time, not only did I lack my due experience，Even the more basic professional knowledge is not very good。，It's just a teenager's longing for and willing to do it，Like a strong。"But it is this kind of enthusiasm and strong energy，It has become an important force to promote the start of Chinese modern folklore。

The booming development of folklore of Sun Yat -sen University is quickly suppressed by conservative forces，Zhong Jingwen was forced to leave Sun Yat -sen University in Hangzhou in the summer of 1928，Worked a full -time lecturer at Zhejiang University and other universities。During the Hangzhou period，He was more depressed，Personal creation curled up in prose and sketch。Soon，Gu Jiegang also left Sun Yat -sen University，The Society of Folklore of Sun Yat -sen University is under the suppression of conservative forces，Silence。To continue folk learning，Zhong Jingwen resolutely provoked the burden of revitalizing Chinese folklore，united and organized a group of supporters of folklore in Hangzhou and Shanghai、Lovers，Established "Chinese Folk Customs Association"。He has raised funds to edit a number of folklore books such as the Monthly Monthly and "Folklore Collection"，published "Chinese Folk Story Type" (1931)、"Myth of Chinese Plants" (1933)、"Chinese Swan Virgin Story" (1933) and other series of folk literature research works，Therefore, he has established his academic status in the field of folk literature。This period，Zhong Jingwen completed the collector bet365 Play online games of folklore、Trickist、Editor to researchers、The identity change of the organizer，officially stood in the central government of the Chinese modern folklore stage。

between 1934-1936，Zhong Jingwen eastward Japan，Admission to the University of Waseda University (equivalent to the Graduate School)，Follow Nishimura Real Enthusiasm、Mythology。This period，As an international student，Zhong Jingwen learns the theory and method of western anthropology and folklore hungry; as a young writer，He actively participated in the activities of the Japanese Chinese Literature Research Association，Establishing lasting academic exchanges with the Japanese literary world; as a folk scholar，He has always maintained close contact with the domestic folklore community，On the one hand, I will introduce the theory of Western folklore in the domestic academic community，On the other hand, use the book collection information of Waseda University，I wrote a number of mythology such as "The Place of Old otter's Children's Legend" and "Examination of the Mythology"、Story learns thesis。In these papers，He questioned the origin of the story of Japanese and Western Sinology，Academic Consciousness against Japanese cultural colonials。

　　Pursue political progress

Lu'an Normal School, who is studying by Zhong Jingwen,，It is built on Wupo Ridge，This is where Wen Tianxiang was arrested，Later generations built a "Fang Canting Pavilion"，It means that Wen Tianxiang is arrested when cooking here。Zhong Jingwen entered school，It is the high period of anti -Japanese wave of students across the country，He and some patriotic teachers and students often gathered in the poem singing and，Stimulate patriotic enthusiasm。

After becoming a elementary school teacher，Zhong Jingwen was greatly influenced by the fellow revolutionary Peng Yue。His response to Peng Yue's call，Revolutionary propaganda in local primary schools，Finally was driven out of Haifeng by conservative forces，I had to leave the hometown to Guangzhou。The second day when I arrived in Guangzhou，Zhong Jingwen went to visit the Publishing Department of Creation Agency。Subsequent，He established a revolutionary literary group "Linking Club" with a group of like -minded young friends，Founded "Link Weekly"，Many patriotic works of patriotism have been published。

During studying in Japan，Zhong Jingwen began to systematically contact Marxism。He said when recalling this study abroad experience，My own academic and political progress，Almost synchronized: "Extensive contact with foreign academics、Theory，Only then changed the point of view of your inherent pure literature，Conscious or unconsciously adopted ethnicology、Folklore、Viewpoints of Primitive Social History and Cultural History，Also includes Marxist's sociological perspective。"(" I and Chinese Modern Folk Literature ")

1936，As Japanese invasion of China is increasingly revealed，Zhong Jingwen decisively suspended the return to Hangzhou in Japan。After the outbreak of the war，When Zhong Jingwen evacuated Hangzhou，Leave two couplets in a shrine in Lanxi County，One of them wrote: "Organize the people，This exactly time! Let the country sink down，Can you escape responsibility? "These couplets have inspired many Lanxi patriotic youths，Bet365 lotto review Repeatedly mentioned by their memories articles decades later。

After Zhong Jingwen arrived in Guilin，Invitation from friends Shang Zhongyi，Put down the teachings in resolutely，Put on a jersey，Become a commissioner of inspection of the Political Department of the Fourth Theater of Guangzhou，Full -time engaged in the launch of the Anti -Japanese Mass、Promoting the work of anti -Japanese。This period，Zhong Jingwen became a special writer of "Salvation Daily"，Participated in editing the "New Army" magazine and "Anti -aggression Weekly"，I wrote a series of anti -Japanese war report literature such as "Old Heroes of the Anti -Japanese Nation", "Command Sword and Poetry", "Back Back"。He described his military career and anti -Japanese determination in the poem "Zhuangtu Yizu": "，Emperor Zeng Remember Hongdu。Steel guns are like snow heart like fire，Is it possible to stop the picture? "

1941，The army where Zhong Jingwen is located in the north Pingshi of Guangdong and the Sun Yat -sen University in the north of Guangdong，His invitation from his friend Yang Chengzhi，Pick up the teachings，Back to Sun Yat -sen University，Course such as "Folk Literature", "Literature Concept", "Introduction to Poetry" and other courses。

After the victory of the Anti -Japanese War，Zhong Jingwen and progressive professors such as Mei Gongbin，Support student movement，Constantly fight with various reactionary forces。The school authorities to monitor Zhong Jingwen，Specializing in sending a special agent to be his graduate student，Underground Party Organization learned about this，Tell this information in a timely manner to tell this information in a timely manner。To avoid this agent student，Zhong Jingwen hid in Tibet everywhere，A deep ditch fell at night，Broken sternum。June 1947，Due to the pressure from the Kuomintang Guangzhou Party Department，Sun Yat -sen University was forced to dismiss six professors including Zhong Jingwen。To protect Zhong Jingwen，Underground Party Organization will secretly send him to Hong Kong。Zhong Jingwen later wrote in "Sixty Memories Miscellaneous Poems": "Patriotism is a crime body，Disdible for a few fellows for a while。Seeking democracy for escaping network，Change to take a low eyebrows to the Hong Kong round。”

Under the arrangement of the underground party organization，Zhong Jingwen came to Hong Kong Dade College。This is the Communist Party and the Democratic Party，and a university jointly formed by some patriotic progressive people，Concentrated a large number of progressive professors in Hong Kong due to the persecution of the Kuomintang，such as Huang Yao Sleepy、Qianjiaju、Zhang Naijie、Tao Dazhen、Deng Chumin、翦 赞、Tao Dazhen、Hu Rope, etc.，The main task of the school is to train and train overseas Chinese students、domestic youth intellectuals，To meet the national liberation preparations, the team。Here，Teachers can freely preach Marxism in class，Explain the history of Chinese social development with historical materialism，Point out the nature and tasks of the Chinese revolution。Almost all courses are educated and trained for students' basic knowledge of students。

February 1949，Dade College was ordered by the Hong Kong British government to close。Under the arrangement of the underground party organization，School teachers and students collectively bet365 Play online games go north，Det to the new revolutionary work and the construction of New China。May，Zhong Jingwen participated in the first National Literary and Art Student Congress in Beijing，I saw Mao Zedong, which I admired for a long time、Zhou Enlai and other central leaders，Zhou Enlai also wrote a gift to Zhong Jingwen "Working for the Construction of the People's Literature and Art"。August，Invitation of Beijing Normal University Committee，Zhong Jingwen as a professor at the Chinese Department of the school，At the same time as Peking University、Professor of Fu Jen University。1952，The Ministry of Education appointed Zhong Jingwen as the associate education chief of Beijing Normal University，1954 appointed it as the director of the Scientific Research Department。

1950，Zhong Jingwen and Guo Moruo、Lao She and others organized the "China Folk Literature and Art Research Association"。Zhong Jingwen serves as the vice chairman，In fact, I presided over the daily work of the association。He has hosted the publication of "Folk Literature Collection" and "Folk Literature" and other publications，Open a new garden for the folk literature and art research of New China。

Mr. Zhong is always open eyes with your eyes seriously、People who write articles，He always "Pay attention to professional knowledge"。Academic so，This is the same。During the period when Gu Jiegang was frustrated，Zhong Jingwen has never said that Gu Jiegang is not good，He said, "History has its true face，I always maintain a respect for Mr. Gu。”

　　Pursue discipline progress

Calling Zhong Jingwen as "the founder of Chinese folklore" may not be accurate，But if he is the trainer and guardian of Chinese folklore，If it is not too much at all。Zhong Jingwen's outstanding contribution to the irreplaceable Chinese folklore learning，Not only is the representative theory of academic atmosphere high，It is more than 70 years of enthusiasm for discipline construction.，Careful cultivation of folk talents。

Before 1949，Zhong Jingwen did not hold any official position，Only a common folk literature、The identity of folklore researchers，Edit Magazine、Playing fellow、Organization manuscript，Use personal relationship to raise funds、Organize folk cultural publications。Where can Zhong Jingwen go，Where to bring the fire of folklore。Zhong Jingwen during this period has already begun planning and imagination of the structural framework and overall layout of folk literature disciplines，Write a series of related papers。

After 1949，Due to academic contributions in the field of folk literature，Zhong Jingwen became the vice chairman of the Chinese Folk Literature and Art Research Association、Chairman，Also served as a representative of the Beijing People's Congress、CPPCC Standing Committee member，The first review team of the State Council's Degree Committee of the State Council Chinese Language and Literature Evaluation Team。These academic honors and status given by New China，Make him more condition to contribute his strength and talent to the discipline construction of Chinese folklore。

Zhong Jingwen has worked hard for the discipline of folklore all his life。His successively at Beijing Normal University、Peking University and other universities offer folk literature courses，Founded in the Chinese Department of Beijing Normal University, the first folk literature Bet365 lotto review teaching and research room in China，The first to open a graduate class for folk literature，Continue to cultivate high -level research talents in the field of folk culture for New China。He also organized national college teachers to write "Introduction to Folk Literature" (1981)、"Introduction to Folklore Studies" (1998)，Both books have become national folk literature、General textbooks for folklore。Under the leadership of Zhong Jingwen，Beijing Normal University has held many times for folklore lectures for different tasks，Cultivated hundreds of folk disciplines for colleges and universities and related scientific research institutions for colleges and universities and related scientific research institutions。

1978，Zhong Jingwen drafted the "Proposal of Establishing Folklore and Related Research Institutions"，Union Gu Jiegang、Rong Zhaozu、Yang type、Yang Chengzhi、Bai Shouyi、Luo Zhi Equal Scholars Signature，The School of Social Sciences of China，Guidelines for recovery and development of folk disciplines，Commonly known as "Professor Seven ones"。The proposal will soon be Hu Qiaomu, the main leader of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、Zhou Yang、The unanimous support and reading approval of Yu Guangyuan equivalent。Hu Qiaomu after reading the initiative，It is proposed to include folklore in the long -term scientific research plan of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences。

，Zhong Jingwen has repeatedly applied to the establishment of a folklore research institute for the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，Hu Qiaomu and other leaders have been studied after research，The conditions for the establishment of a folklore research institute are temporarily immature，It is recommended to set up a society first。So，Zhong Jingwen began to lead the establishment of the "Chinese Folk Customs Association"，The Society is at the Institute of Literature of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，Zhong Jingwen served as the first chairman of the association。Now，Chinese Folk Customs Society has gone through 40 years of academic journey，There are more than 3,000 members of the volume of the volume，Theoretical construction in the national discourse system、Building in a harmonious society、Protection of intangible cultural heritage、Traditional Culture Revival、Village protection and rural revitalization have made due contributions。

After reform and opening up，Zhong Jingwen in his later years is difficult to write a specific research topic，He adjusts his work direction，Building folk discipline as your most important academic mission。He can always keep up with the trend of the times，Echo the following social needs，Macroscopy for the development plan for the discipline of folklore，Treating teaching and educating people as your most important job。He once said in a conference of the Beijing CPPCC: "The task in front of my eyes，is to enable more people to write valuable monographs。Whether your own things are written，Not very important。"1999，96 -year -old Zhong Jingwen launched the article "Establishing a Chinese Folk School" for many years，The theoretical proposition of establishing "multi -nation and one country's folklore" was proposed。The grand idea of ​​its high house built，For us to build a modern folk discipline system with Chinese characteristics today、academic system、The discourse system lays bet365 best casino games a basic theoretical framework。

At present, the genre framework of Chinese folk literature，That is myth、Legend、Story、Ballad、Epic、narrative poem、Proverbs、Rap、"Nine Points" of opera，and collective literature collective、Oral、mutant、Inherited "Four Sexual Features"，All were laid by Zhong Jingwen。Structural framework of folklore，that is, material production folklore、Material Life Folk Customs、Social Organization Folk Customs、Folk folk customs when the year old、Life Rites、Folklore Belief、Folk Technology、Folk Literature、Folk language、Folk Art、Classification system for folk game entertainment，It is also determined by Zhong Jingwen。Although with the development of social and cultural，These theoretical systems are also constantly adjusting and reorganizing，For example, the rise of the concept of intangible cultural heritage，and the generation of a large number of short video culture，Not what Zhong Jingwen can expect，but，Zhong Jingwen's theoretical system and ideological method provides us with a basic platform that constantly corrects and self -innovates，Today we are standing on the shoulders of the giant to climb。

Zhong Jingwen wrote "Book" in 1979，Self -evaluating as a "hard work garden and a worker bee，Similar similarities and similarities at the time of download "，There is a very sober academic positioning for yourself。Liu Kuili commented on Zhong Jingwen as "a pioneer who is on the way to pursue the truth of truth"。Zhong Jingwen's academic exploration process，is a microcosm of the development of Chinese folk culture research。

The greatness of Zhong Jingwen，It is still because it never is because of authority。He is very self -criticism on academic issues，There was only three papers that I once said modestly，and repeatedly oppose the academic evaluation mechanism that set the number of papers high。He constantly reflects on the academic road he has walked in any academic stage to continuously summarize experience and lessons，This allows him to stand for a long time to look at the problem、Make an article，and，He is also good at writing this reflection process into an article，Used to persuade students。Tracing the discipline literature of Zhong Jingwen in different periods，Always let us feel the light of the wise man's light。

(Author Unit: Institute of Literature of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)