Ancient documents have been circulated for thousands of years，Due to many processes of transcribing, turning and engraving，Bet365 lotto review is inevitable that there will be text errors、Font corruption and other phenomena。"Zaiyu sleeps during the day" in "The Analects"，is a typical example of corruption caused by similar glyphs，This is the mistake of "Zaiyu painted (painted) his bed"。

　　Bet365 lotto review explanations and doubts

Jaeyu (522 BC-458 BC，Zi Zi I，also known as Zai Wo) is one of Bet365 lotto review’ disciples，"The Analects of Bet365 lotto review·Gongye Chang" records: "Zaiyu sleeps during the day。Bet365 lotto review said: 'Rotten wood cannot be carved，The wall of dung cannot be broken，Yu Yu and He Zhu！’”The Analects of Bet365 lotto review by He Yan and others from the Wei Dynasty in the Three Kingdoms、"Book Narration Guide" by Ren Guang of Song Dynasty、The Analects of Bet365 lotto review by Zhu Xi of the Southern Song Dynasty、Historical commentaries such as "Analects of Bet365 lotto review" by Cheng Shude of the Qing Dynasty，Until recent scholars Yang Bojun's "Analects of Bet365 lotto review" and Wang Li's "Ancient Chinese" mostly believed that Zaiyu slept in broad daylight，Causing great dissatisfaction to Bet365 lotto review，So Bet365 lotto review severely reprimanded him for having no future，To say he is like rotten wood cannot be carved、A wall of dung is not enough to be painted，Not enough material，Difficult to create。Under the premise that "Zaiyu sleeps during the day", ancient and modern scholars，There are different views on its specific explanation: First，"Sleep" means daytimesay，That is, being sick in bed during the day。(Cheng Shude: "The Analects of Bet365 lotto review" quoted from "The Analects of Bet365 lotto review"，"Sleep" should be "", Bet365 lotto review to "Shuowen"I’m lying down because of illness) Second，"Sleeping" means staying in the dormitory during the day。(Cheng Shude: "Analects of Bet365 lotto review" quoted from "Yeke Series": Sleeper，Bedroom too，Stay outside during the day，Residence at night，Jaiyu lives inside during the day，The old master ridiculed it) third，“Sleeping during the day” means living in the original house during the period of mourning，Illegal。(Chen Changning: "New Theory of "Zai Yu Sleeps During the Day"，"Qilu Academic Journal" 1994 Issue 2) Fourth，"Day nap" means sleeping at noon，That is, the theory of nap。（Du Guichen、Du Bin: "New Interpretation of "Zaiyu Sleeping During the Day"，"Bet365 lotto review Research" Issue 1, 2001；Cheng Biying: "Reexamination of "Zai Yu Sleeping in the Daytime""，"Journal of Ningxia University" 2010 Issue 3) Fifth，“Sleeping during the day” is the theory of day emperor，Refers to men and women having sex in the same room during the day。(Cheng Shude: "Analects of Bet365 lotto review" quoted from "Seven Classics"；Zhao Jianwei: ""Zai Yu Zhou Yu" and Ancient Taboos，"Traditional Culture and Modernization" 1999 Issue 3)

But，Explanation for this seemingly final conclusion，People will generally feel incredible。Jaiyu is one of the Four Bet365 lotto review and Ten Philosophers，eloquent，Also ranked ahead of Zigong in the language department，Traveled around the world from Bet365 lotto review。When traveling and getting into trouble，Often sent by Bet365 lotto review，Envoy to Qi and Chu，Relief and rescue。Zaiyu died in the ninth year of Lu Daogong (458 BC)，Later generations named Qi Hou、Linzi Gong、Qi Guogong。The ninth year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1530)，Sacrifice to Bet365 lotto review Temple as "Sages"。Anyway，Jaiyu is a student highly recognized by Bet365 lotto review，The knowledge and virtue are higher than those of ordinary scholars，Why do you fall asleep during class in broad daylight？Even if Jaeyu takes a nap during class，It can’t be considered disrespectful，At most, it’s just sleepiness or laziness，Or due to physical illness or overwork，Bet365 lotto review would not criticize Jaeyu like this。Let’s talk more，Bet365 lotto review himself also had the experience of "sleeping during the day"，For example, "Bet365 lotto review is as poor as Chen、between Cai，The quinoa soup is not poured out，No grain for seven days，Napping。Yan Huisomi，Get it and enjoy it，How familiar，Bet365 lotto review saw Yan Hui grabbing his rice steamer and eating it”。("Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals") So，“Sleeping during the day” cannot be a sufficient reason for Bet365 lotto review to denounce Jaeyu。

Regarding this doubt，As early as the Eastern Han Dynasty Wang Chong's "Lunheng·Questioning Bet365 lotto review"，Already had a clue: "The evil of sleeping during the day，Little Evil；Rotten wood and dirt，Things that are destroyed and cannot be restored，Great evil。Responsibility for small transgressions and big evils，An Neng convinces people？Make me a bad person，Like rotten wood and dung，It is not appropriate to enter the door of Bet365 lotto review，The order is among the four subjects；Make your nature good，Bet365 lotto review’s evil，Too much evil，Guoye。‘People are unkind，The illness has become severe，Chaos。’Bet365 lotto review Ji Zaiyu，It’s so great！Sending fools into the prison of sin，Officials ordered the crime of great rebellion，There must be injustice and resentment，I will give in and blame myself？Make me stupid，Comrade with the person involved in the crime；Let me be a wise man，Knowing who Bet365 lotto review is responsible for，I have corrected myself slightly。Explicit text to recognize，Let go of rumors，Change yourself based on your words。Self-correction is not important，Whether Zaiyu can update。The meaning of "Spring and Autumn"，The goodness of picking hair，The evil of belittling Xianjie。Praise that the hair is huge，Introducing huge amounts of fiber，View the meaning of "Spring and Autumn"，I’m sure it is true？No，Then you will not accept it；Not accepted，The words of Bet365 lotto review are discarded。The words of the saint are consistent with the text，Words come out of mouth，Wenli Yuce，Both come from the heart，Actually one。Bet365 lotto review wrote "Spring and Autumn"，Don’t belittle the small in favor of the big。It’s not Jaeyu，To be evil and mean，Words and words contradictory，How to convince people？”In a nutshell，One，"Napping" is a minor offense after all，Use big evil to blame small mistakes，Excessive punishment，Unconvincing。Part 2，Jaiyu is a good disciple of Bet365 lotto review，Bet365 lotto review himself also recognized it，Such a rebuke，Somewhat excessive。Part 3，Like a fool who commits a small crime，The government arrested and beheaded，He will definitely hate you，I won’t be convinced。Jaiyu’s fault，Same thing，Bet365 lotto review would not criticize him so harshly。Fourth，Bet365 lotto review reprimanded Jaeyu like this，Contrary to the principle of praise and blame in Bet365 lotto review’ Spring and Autumn Annals，Jaiyu will not accept it，Bet365 lotto review’ rebuke is equivalent to saying nothing。

Wang Chong’s doubts caused later scholars to reconsider “Zaiyu sleeps during the day”，The first person to give a new interpretation of "daytime sleep" was Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty Xiao Yan。According to the note about "day sleep" in the volume of "Zi Xia Lu" by Li Kuangyi of the Tang Dynasty: ""The Analects of Bet365 lotto review" 'Zaiyu sleeps during the day'。Zheng Sinong said: ‘Sleep，Lie down and rest。’Emperor Wu of Liang pronounced it as ‘Bedroom of the Dormitory’，Reverse "Hu Gua" during the day，Qiyun should be the word "painting"，It is said that his painting bedroom is also。The old master lamented that ‘rotten wood cannot be carved’，The wall of dung cannot be conquered (杇)’。But it’s just a matter of fact。People today rarely know the reason，Xian thought that Han Wen Gongyu had taught him。”It can be seen from this，Xiao Yan disagrees with Han Confucian Zheng Zhong’s interpretation of “sleep” in “Zaiyu sleeps during the day” as the verb “lying and resting”，And it is believed that "sleep" is the noun "sleep in the dormitory"，He also gave the word "日" the reverse phonetic notation，Reverse for "Hu Gua"，pronounced like "painting"，And said it was a typo，The original character is regarded as "painting"。

After Xiao Yan，Sui Dynasty Hou Bai、Scholars such as Han Yu in the Tang Dynasty also interpreted it as "Zai Yu's painting bed" from this perspective。According to the record of "Daytime Sleeping" in Volume 18 of "Qidong Yeyu" written by Zhou Mi from the Song and Yuan Dynasties: "Although，Jaiyu takes a nap，Master has words about rotten wood and dung。See the Analects of Bet365 lotto review annotated by Hou Bai，The word "日" is regarded as the word "花"，The master hates the extravagance of painting and sleeping in bed，This is the saying that there is a wall of rotten wood。Ranhou Bai，Sui people，Good and funny，Taste "Qi Yan Lu"，It must be a joke。And Guan Changli's "Yu Jie"，It is also said that "day sleep" is regarded as "painting sleep"，Wrong words。Jaeyu，Four subjects and ten philosophies，Ande has the responsibility to sleep during the day，False or dying，Not yet to death。"The note "Day" in Volume 1 of "Gu Sheng Sequel" written by Niu Xiu of the Qing Dynasty，I recently heard that Gu Shi Gexuan said: "Zaiyu sleeps in the daytime，‘Day’ is also regarded as ‘Painting’，Voice，It means painting on the bed。"Li": 'The princes painted their bedrooms'。’Now we use the system of princes as scholars，It’s like trying to carve out rotten wood and build an earthen wall，Luxury and arrogance，My old husband blamed me。Otherwise，Jaeyu is a wise man in the four subjects，Is it possible to sleep in the daytime if you are too lazy and ambitious？"The same goes in Volume 3 of "Book Shadow" written by Zhou Lianggong from the Qing Dynasty，Qiao Wenyi said: "There are so many fish in the scriptures。Post-school respect for scriptures，So I didn’t dare to argue。Like the chapter ‘day nap’，The ancestors called ‘day’，Read 'painting'。Bedroom，Sleep in the temple；Drawing a Sleeper，Painting his sleeping temple。The princes painted their bedrooms，Dafu Yidan，The common people use chalk。Rebellion became common in the Spring and Autumn Period，Zaiyu Xi Yan and painted his bed，It’s too much。‘Rotten wood and dirt’，That’s why I know it’s cheap；The responsibility of ‘why punish’，So it’s such a loss。Otherwise，Sleep all day，How sinful is it？”Also，"The First Collection of Haoyunlou" by Li Lianxiu from the Qing Dynasty、Cao Zhisheng's "Four Books and Notes"、Liu Baonan's "The Analects of Justice" and others all hold this view，The misconception that "Zaiyu sleeps during the day" is "Zaiyu sleeps in paintings"。

Not only ancient scholars had Bet365 lotto review insight，Modern scholars such as Yang Zhijiu、Fang Jianchang、Zeng Min、Wang Shangwen、Li Fengneng and others，There are also those who continue to add arguments to Bet365 lotto review point of view。Limited to space，Not all quotes。

　　"Jaiyu Bet365 lotto review bed" is more realistic

The author thinks，The word "painting" was mistaken for the word "day"，Very likely。First，The traditional Chinese writing of the characters "Hua" (painting) and "日" (day) is very similar，Only one vertical difference。The two glyphs are also very similar in ancient Chinese characters，Easily confused。In Xiaozhuan，The difference between the two characters is one stroke。Go further back，The same is true for the writing on bamboo slips during the Warring States Period。For example, in Chu bamboo slips，Although there are some differences between the two words，But the structure is the same。In "Sleeping Tiger Land Qin Slips"，The two characters are also very close。And in "The Chinese University of Hong Kong Collection of Slips"，The glyphs of the two characters are exactly the same，Easily confused as one。This is to say，Since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period，Because the glyphs of the two characters are very similar or even the same，There is a possibility of mistaking "painting (painting)" for "day (day)" in every period。Secondly，The ancient characters are mistaken due to their similar shapes，There are many places。The so-called Luyu Emperorhu、Ma Yanhai 豕，Quite common in ancient documents。Those who mistakenly refer to "日(日)" as "华(画)" in ancient books。For example, "Shang Jun Shu Geng Fa": "Filial Piety and Fairness Painting"，Gongsun Martingale、Qianlong、Du Qing, the third doctor, Yu Yujun。"The theory of "flat painting"，Bet365 lotto review doesn’t make sense。Yu Chang, a man of the Qing Dynasty, believes that Bet365 lotto review should be changed to "Filial Piety and Fairness in the Day"，That is, "Qin Xiaoping lives leisurely during the day" and has nothing to do，Discussing national affairs with the officials。This statement is well-founded，Relatively credible。"Normal day" person，Bet365 lotto review’s noon，After retreating from the court。"Warring States Policy·Zhao Ce": "King Wuling spends his days leisurely，Feiyi sits down”，Can be used as evidence。So "pinghua" should be mistaken for "pingzhou"。Same，Old books also mistakenly refer to “painting (painting)” as “日 (日)”。For example, "Mencius Gongsun Chou": "Mencius went to Qi，Stay in the day。"This "day" should be the mistake of "drawing" the place。According to the "day" note in Volume 1 of "Gu Sheng Sequel" by Niu Xiu of the Qing Dynasty: "Tan Yuan Tong Bian" says: Mencius went to Qi and stayed in the day。“Day” is regarded as “painting”，Yinhuo。According to "Historical Records·Tian Dan Biography": Wang Lixian from Wenhuayi。Liu Xi’s note: painting，Southwestern Qiyi County。Late Han Dynasty Geng Yan challenged Zhang Bu，Enter the painting，Then attack Linzi and pull Bet365 lotto review。This is proven。Since "painting" here can be mistaken for "day"，Then the "day" in "Zaiyu sleeps during the day" in "The Analects"，Of course, Bet365 lotto review may also come from the incorrect form of "painting"。

What’s more important is，“Zaiyu slept during the day” made Bet365 lotto review angry，There is something incredible。And "Zaiyu painted bed"，Because it involves the transgression of "rituals" that Bet365 lotto review was very concerned about，Bet365 lotto review angrily scolded Zaiyu，It is reasonable。

The ancient ritual hierarchy is fully reflected in all aspects of food, clothing, housing and transportation，Especially in the pre-Qin period when the etiquette system flourished。Residential buildings only，The hierarchy of etiquette is not only reflected in the hierarchical differences in the size and shape of residential buildings of different classes，The color of decoration materials must also be strictly in accordance with grade regulations，Otherwise Bet365 lotto review is a violation of etiquette。

For example, Bet365 lotto review 20th year of Duke Zhuang in "Spring and Autumn": "Autumn，Danhuan Palace Ying。" "Gongyang Zhuan" concludes: "Danhuan Palace Couplet，Illegal。" "Gu Liang Zhuan" states the specific etiquette requirements: "Danhuan Palace Couplet。rite，Emperor、The princes are so handsome，Dafucang，Shimo。Dan Ying，Illegal。”The color of the pillars Bet365 lotto review emperor’s palace should be red，The princes are black，The doctor is cyan，Shi is yellow。Color grade ranking from high to low，Red in order、Black、Cyan、Yellow。

Bet365 lotto review can be seen that the Spring and Autumn Period，Strictly require people to live or decorate their houses according to their status and class。For the decoration of the "temple"，There are also specific rules: "Princes paint their bedrooms"，Dafu Yidan，The common people use chalk。"That is, the houses where the princes live can have carved beams and painted buildings，The doctor’s bedroom can be decorated in red，Shi (ordinary nobles) and Shu (commoners) have lower status，Usually only white ash is used to paint the walls。

Also，About the decoration level of palace buildings，Also found in ancient texts and their commentaries。"Book of Rites: Mingtang Position": "Temple Decorations of the Emperor"。" "Erya Shigong": "The wall is called chalk。""Zhou Li·Di Guan": "The Mirage of Bai Sheng。"Zheng's note: "Bet365 lotto review is said that decorating the wall makes Bet365 lotto review look like a mirage。""Bai Sheng"""Kao Gong Ji"，Zheng’s note: “mirage，Hui Ye。Sheng Zhiyan comes true，Mirage gray chalk wall，So Bet365 lotto review is decorated as a palace。""The Book of Rites" records many times: "Living in a room。"Kong Yingdashu: "Newly painted chalky white on the wall，Just a little bit of fun。"That's why Bet365 lotto review is said that "houses are adopted according to the grade"，Common people are not allowed，So Bet365 lotto review’s called the White House。”“White Room Man”，A house for common people。” (Volume 3 of Zhou Lianggong’s “Books and Shadows”)

At this time, Jaeyu was a student scholar without official status，Should be at the level of "scholar"，Can only live in the "white house"，You cannot paint or apply color on the walls and pillars of the house。And Jaeyu acted rashly，Yue Li "Painting Bed"。Bet365 lotto review regards etiquette as life，Naturally they will be dissatisfied and reprimanded。

The Yue etiquette of "painting bed" in the Spring and Autumn Period，Bet365 lotto review seems to have become a social trend。So the custom of "sleeping with paintings"，Multiple ancient books。"Zuo Zhuan" Records of the Thirty-One Years of Duke Xiang: "The people of Yu used the time to organize the official offices of the Ming Palace。"Liu Xiang's "New Preface·Miscellaneous Things Five" records: "The carvings in the rooms are written with dragons。"The latter is the famous story of "Ye Gong loves dragons"，Bet365 lotto review reflects the "spring and Autumn period when tyranny became common"，Zaiyu Xi Yan and painted his bed"。(Volume 3 of Zhou Lianggong's "Books and Shadows")

Let’s talk，If it is "Jaiyu takes a nap"，Then it has nothing to do with "rotten wood" and "dung wall"。And "painting bed" can be related to the meaning of "carving wood" and "painting walls"。As Liu Baonan said in "The Analects of Justice": "Spring and Autumn Period，The doctor’s residence is beautiful，So Tumu won and Zhi family died，Lun Huan praises but Wenzi fears。Izai Yu Hua Bed，It’s also a comparison，Master said it cannot be carved and cannot be ridiculed，Getting to the point。"Bet365 lotto review said, "Rotten wood cannot be carved，The wall of dung (chalk) and soil (paint) cannot be destroyed”，It’s the truth about the house where Jaeyu lives。The "white house" where Jaeyu lives，The beam purlins used cannot be golden nanmu，General rotten wood does not need carving and decoration，On the wall painted with white ash，There is no need to paint with color，That’s all。This is more about the norms of class etiquette than Jaeyu’s “day nap”，Can arouse even more strong reaction from Bet365 lotto review。So，This statement is more realistic。

Furthermore，Another place in "The Analects" where Bet365 lotto review criticizes Jaeyu，Also because of Jaeyu’s question，Violations of ancient etiquette。"The Analects of Bet365 lotto review·Yang Huo": "Zai Wo asked: 'Three years of mourning'，It’s been a long time coming。A gentleman has been disrespectful for three years，Etiquette must be broken；Three years of no joy，LeBiBeng。The old valley is gone，Xingu Jisheng，Drilling flint to fire，The period is over。’Bet365 lotto review said: ‘You feed your husband’s rice’，yifujin，Yu Nuanhu？’ said: ‘An’。''Nu An is doing it，A gentleman’s mourning，Unwilling to eat food，Happiness or displeasure，Uneasy place，So don’t do it。Jin Nuan，That’s it！'Kill me out。Bet365 lotto review said: ‘It is unkind to give to someone’.！Three years after his birth，Then escape from the arms of parents。Three years of mourning for husband，The world is in mourning。Yu Ye，I have been in love with my parents for almost three years？’”It can be seen from this，Jaeyu is not a student like Yan Yuan who blindly follows his teacher and superstitious ancient rituals，But an intelligent person who has his own opinions and is willing to express them。"The Analects of Bet365 lotto review·Bayi": "Ai Gong asked the community to kill me，Zaiwo said to him: ‘The Empress of Xia’s family is pine，Yibai from Yin，Zhou Ren Yili，Said: Make the people tremble。’Zi Wenzhi，Said: ‘Don’t say anything when it’s done’，Follow things without admonishing，Let bygones be bygones。’”visible，He dares to break through etiquette norms and speak out。

The reason why Bet365 lotto review criticized Jaeyu，Probably not because of an innocuous "day nap"，And it is most likely because of the "painted bed" that violates etiquette。Actually，Bet365 lotto review was not concerned with painting and color，But the hierarchical etiquette associated with it。

　Before the Han Dynasty, "painting sleeping" has been corrupted into "Bet365 lotto review sleeping"

Regarding the criticism by Bet365 lotto review for "Zai Yu's painting of sleeping"，Han Dynasty documents also have indirect records and influences from different generations。For example, "Hanshu·Gongyu Biography" has "The walls are painted but not painted"，The wood is rough and uncarved”，Use ancient simplicity to warn against fashion and luxury。Yan Shigu’s note: “The character Xuan is the same as Diao。eagle，Painting。"Gong Yu was a famous Confucian scholar in the Western Han Dynasty，"Practice and listen to the scriptures clearly"，Proficient in Confucian classics such as "Spring and Autumn" and "The Analects of Bet365 lotto review"。"The Biography of Gongyu" records that he quoted the words of "The Analects" many times，From "The Analects of Bet365 lotto review·Ji Shi" "The Gentleman Enjoys Rituals and Music" and "The Analects of Bet365 lotto review·Liren" "The Gentleman's Caring for the Earth"，I have also used the article "I will never look back to my teacher" in "The Analects of Bet365 lotto review·Wei Linggong"。The "walls are painted but not painted"，The wood is rough and uncarved”，This is exactly what Bet365 lotto review said about Zaiyu: “Rotten wood cannot be carved，The transformation of "the wall of dung cannot be broken"，This shows that the biography of "The Analects of Bet365 lotto review" at this time should be "painting sleeping" rather than "day sleeping"。Coincidentally，Talking this matter as an allusion，There is also Yang Xiong who was slightly later than Gong Yu。According to "Book of Han·Yang Xiong's Biography": "Wood must not be polished but not carved，Wall painted but not painted。"This is also the sentence in Yang Xiong's "Ode to Sweet Springs"，Used to regulate the affairs of admonishing the palace and observing luxury and peace，It is also a secret use of the allusion of "painting bed" in "The Analects"。

It can be seen from this，The theory of "painting bed" is not a theory originated by Han Confucians，But some texts of The Analects of Bet365 lotto review at that time still read "drawing bed" instead of "day sleep"。And "Historical Records: Biography of Zhongni's Disciples" mentions Jaeyu，But Zaiyu has already taken a nap。It can be inferred from this，The word "painting" is mistakenly used as the word "日"，Before the Han Dynasty，It is possible in the Qin Dynasty or the Warring States Period。However, some versions in the Han Dynasty still retain records of "painting bed"，Therefore, there are contradictions in the records in "Historical Records" and "Hanshu"。

August 1948，The famous painter Huang Binhong gave a lecture on the history of ancient Chinese painting in Shanghai，His judgment on "Jai Yu's Painted Bedroom" is clear，It illustrates the problem quite well: "Bet365 lotto review discussed painting in the Spring and Autumn Period，According to "The Analects of Bet365 lotto review", "Zaiyu sleeps during the day"，It’s actually a mistake of ‘drawing bed’。‘Day’ and ‘Painting’ are easily confused，It was misunderstood by the people of Song Dynasty。(Mr. Huang said ‘Song people’ here，I don’t know what the basis is。Refers to Zhu Xi, the speaker of "daytime sleep"，It’s also unknown - the quoter’s note) ‘Zaiyu’s bedroom in a painting’，Jaeyu wants to paint pictures on the walls of his bedroom，But because the house is dilapidated，Not suitable，Bet365 lotto review saw，I think it’s like ‘rotten wood cannot be carved’，The wall of dung must not be stained (懇)’，Advise him not to paint the picture in such an ugly place。If we still interpret it as ‘day nap’，Yizaiyu is a wise disciple of Bet365 lotto review，Why is it so bad？Or just an afternoon’s sleep，Why did the old master immediately denounce it as ‘rotten wood’、Where’s ‘dung’？It’s so unreasonable。” (Huang Binhong: “The Folk Studies of Traditional Chinese Painting—Speech at the Shanghai Art Tea Party on August 15th”，"Min Bao" supplement "Art Style" Issue 33，August 22, 1948)

(Author’s affiliation: School of Bet365 lotto review, Nankai University)