1929，When talking about the topic of "women and novels"，British female writer Virginia Woolf，1882-1941) wrote down the prose "A Room of One’ s Own，1929）。She thinks，Women want to write novels，Must have money and your own room; in other words，Because society has made various restrictions on women，They have to become a slave of patriarchal，Working for the family day and night，In this context, if women want to achieve something，It must be rely on a certain material basis，and there is a way to get rid of the interference from the outside world。In the later years，Women's status has risen，Society gave professional women more recognition。But，Woolf's humorous criticism is still valid today，Women want to achieve themselves，Still need to overcome all difficulties。The pressure of reality is reflected in literature，Romantic novels can provide us with an opportunity to peele women's social psychology。

bet365 live casino games

　　Education and Pursuit: Early form of romantic novels

Romance Novel，It is also translated as a love novel、Roman History Novel、Romani novels, etc.，The theme of male and female love and marriage，Literary types mainly for female readers。According to research，The earliest romantic novels already existed in France in the 12th century，But romantic novels in the Middle Ages have tragedy characteristics，The origin of the modern romantic novel to the beautiful ending，can be traced back to Jane Austen，1775-1817) "Pride and Prejudice，1813) and Charlotte Bronte，1816-1855) of "Jane Eyre (Jane Eyre，1847）。

In "Pride and Prejudice"，The handsome and rich Daxy is attracted by the daughter of ordinary gentleman Elizabeth，But Elizabeth has prejudice against him，Always refused to accept。For Elizabeth，Daxi changed his arrogance，After all the misunderstandings are eliminated, the two will eventually become dependents。In "Jane · Love"，Ordinary tutor Jane Ai Ai and the owner Rochester are the same twists and turns，Finally, Jane Love, love with his own kindness and mind, won Rochester's love。It is not too much to say "win" -whether Jane Erizabeth，The way bet365 Play online games to enter life can only be a marriage。

Both novels are written by female writers，And tells the story from the perspective of the heroine。From the beginning，The authors and readers of this type of novel are more inclined to women。Regardless of the description encounter or portrayal psychology，makes it easy for female readers to substitute themselves，Together with the heroine，Twitch of love。and the ending of all kinds of long love，Almost all leads to marriage。Critics describes this series of novels as the story "Women become rich through marriage"，and named it for "Cinderella complex": in the ordinary "Cinderella" to become the fairy tale of the prince's heart，This mother question has been bred。

Romantic novels can be read with the "Conduct Litors" popular in Europe and the United States before the end of the 18th century.。This kind of novels are full of training language，A large part of which is for female readers，Story through alert，I hope to chastate、October、Ethical specifications such as diligence and frugality instill to readers。British writer Samuel Richardson，1689-1761) "Pamela published in 1740，or Good Pamela, OR Virtue Rewarded) is the earliest among these works。The maid Pamela in the novel has repeatedly rejected the non -division of Mr. B.，Finally the latter is not changed before，official proposal to Pamela，Two people finally become dependents。This book is popular after the publication，Because it changed the unsustainable person in the "behavioral guide" literature at that time, the end of the retribution，Instead of emphasizing virtue’s good news，Created the ending of the reunion。The tension delayed in the relationship between men and women finally gets positive solution，Satisfy the reader's reading psychology for comfort。but，At that time, the upper society was dissatisfied with the marriage that broke the boundary of the class in the book。Obviously，Change destiny through marriage，Not the plot that the upper society, especially the male is happy to read。

"Behavior Guide" literary meaning of "behavioral guide" written by male，The relationship between the gender contained in it is completely active and passive relationship。Compared with this，"Jane · Love" novels undoubtedly give women more initiative，and hold more open and peaceful views in the social class。"Jane Love" bet365 best casino games into the upper society is no longer just obedience to obedience and guardian of chastity，The spirit of self -personality and courage to pursue。This change is indeed an。Although there are similarities in the basic plot of the story，But the female authors of romantic novels passively wait for women to wait for the story of male redemption，To some extent, it is rewritten into a story that women harvest love through various efforts。In the novel, this love is just "just" from the rich men，And the direction of the life of women is to finally get a special love。

■ Radway "Read Romantic Novels: Women、Data System and Popular Literature Information Picture

　　Treasure of Capital: Whoever pays for the spiritual "room"

Although the seeds of romantic novels have been bred in early works such as "Jane Love"，But after many years, romantic novels appear on a scale，Form a literary type。Talking about the history of the development of romantic novels，Can't help but mention that Harlequin Enterprises Limited。The Canadian publishing company founded in 1949 is not only the most famous publisher in the English world romantic novels，It is also one of the main promoters of strong capital and business vision -shaped romantic novels。Although the popular novels of various themes have been published at the beginning of founding，But from 1957，Helin focuses on the publication of romantic novels，Because it finds that middle -class female readers have enthusiasm for homogeneous love novels，They will repeatedly buy this type of novel，This makes a book brand that creates a romantic novel that is possible to become possible，It has become an effective way to make a profit。Other publishing houses, although not completely abandon other literary types，But at least developed the product series of romantic novels，For example, the romantic novel series of Dell Public Publishing House (Dell Publishing) and Fawcett Publications。The concept of market segment leads the publisher discovered the huge reading group of middle -class women，The clear business purposes make them never sloppy in terms of analysis and obeying the psychology of the women's public。The success of Helin is also an important case in the history of book publishing and even the history of the cultural industry，It prompts the importance of market segments、The huge role of marketing in the cultural industry，Bet365 lotto review It also shows the consumption potential of women。

but but，Why do women fall in love with romantic novels，Is willing to pay for them? American scholar Janice A. Radway (Janice A. Radway) is studying the book "Reading Romantic Novels: Women、Dutch System and Popular Literature (Reading The Romance: WOMEN, Patriarchy and Popular Literature，1984) Discussion of the reasons，The conclusion she got through the investigation is，Many women find the tenderness that cannot be obtained in real love and family life through reading，and use reading as a resistance reality、How to enter the self -space，Because reading is completely private。In other words，Although it can’t really get away from reality，But female readers at least read the "own room"，In this room，Not only does the pressure given by women no longer exist，There is also the role of the heroine that can be substituted，You can experience the lively life scene，逅 The ideal partner，Enjoy the psychological comfort of tenderness。

■ Stills of the movie "Fifty Degree Gray" based on the novel of the same name "Fifty Degree Gray"

　　violent and tolerance: the inclined gender balance

Some romantic novels do have a gentle male protagonist，But more male protagonists just occasionally show tenderness，Most of the time，They are irritable、gloom、Emotional Permanent，Let women continue to figure out and conjecture in love relationship。Many romantic novels even have even violent and abuse plot，still blooming the flower of love on it，The heroine is also very satisfied with her emotional life。No matter the violence is more and less，These male protagonists are very strong and confident，They are handsome in appearance、Bloodline noble、Live at a high position or have wealth。The heroine of the novel is often strong、Good，Status is humble but has virtue。The heroine must refuse the male protagonist's frivolous pursuit at the beginning，Promoting over time，Love Born，Love Born，This is often accompanied by the change of the male protagonist to good。

such as，Helin Publishing House, Jakota Dreamin ', published by Jekota Dreaming, published by Helin Publishing House in 1981，Tells the hostess of the two adult children after divorce and moved to the rural farm with the heroine of two adult children，Meet the male protagonist -arrogant and rough neighbor，and many contradictions with him many times，Last two generated love，At this time, the male protagonist bet365 best casino games showed the gentle side that he never had before。Jude Deveraux "The Enchant Land，1978) Tells the story of the heroine and a farmer's marriage by a contract，This male protagonist is described as "jealousy、selfish、There is a tendency to abuse "，while other readers believe that he is gentle according to some plots，A admirable man。

Romantic novels as popular readings rarely tell the development of innocent stories，Many novels even use the opening of the relationship between the male and female protagonists with mandatory relationships。In such romantic novels，Two people have a relationship first，Then continue to pursue from the male protagonist、In the process of constantly refusing, the heroine gradually understands each other，Finally became a lifelong partner。American writer Kathleen Woodiwiss (The Flame and the Flower "published in 1972 is the early work of this plot mode。"Fire and Flowers" tells the heroine of the hostess who fled because of negligence and killing，The male protagonist who was used to be the host of the ship was forced to have a relationship and pregnancy。Although neither of the initial willingness to get married，But in the subsequent series of stories, feelings still have feelings，Finally became a husband and wife。This work is far exceeding the work of general romantic novels.，It brought rich profits to the publisher，Make other publishers see the profit space of publishing packed romantic novels，Film imitation。A large number of romantic novels also follow the plot design of "Fire and Flowers"，Make the heroine inasting the violence first，Slowly fall in love with the male protagonist，For example, "Ashes in the Wind，1979）、Defro "The Black Lyon，1980), etc.。

For readers who are unfamiliar with romantic novels，Augmented relationship becomes perfect love，I am afraid I am incredible。But this kind of plot routine has its own logic: the compulsive against the wishes of the heroine，Sometimes it is depicted as a choice that men do not understand how to express their love，Sometimes it is designed as a hero that mistakenly believes that the other party is a woman's mistake when the woman is a woman with a wind and dust，The potential meaning is，Faced with a noble woman，They will not do this。No matter what，Only when their love for the heroine is completely clear，The gentle side bet365 best casino games is gradually revealed。What is the educational significance of these plots to female readers，So only: women must learn to interpret the psychology of men，Even if they are weird and even have abuse tendency，Give them a full understanding，Because there must be a cause of cause。

　　Corresponding to the patriarchal structure in a romantic way

What is worth thinking about is，At the time of the Western feminist movement in the 1960s and 1970s，Why romantic novels will develop in well? In the era of the rise of the Internet and even ME-TOO movement，Why the routine novel that has become perfect love can continue to this day，and evolved into the mainstream narrative model of "overbearing president in love with me"? This is undoubtedly related to the psychological psychology in the real society。

2011，An unknown mothers -level author E. L. James (E. L. James) created a trilogy "Fifty Shades of Grey，It was adapted into a movie of the same name)，In the first week of the release, I entered the New York Times best -selling book list，Become the most striking literary phenomenon in the European and American publishing industry that year。Novel describes the innocent female college student Anna to interview the handsome、Duo Jin's young entrepreneur Gray，The other party dumped her quiet beauty、Wisdom and Independence Spirit，and his mystery also gives her a desire。Gray asked Anna to sign an agreement to determine the SM relationship of the duo，I declare that I am the only master of Anna。But most of the time Gray behaves like a perfect lover，Respect Anna’s will，Only the order is issued within its acceptable range。As a comment said as a comment，"Fifty Degree Gray" "Is a SM novel like vanilla latte"，Only the order is issued within its acceptable range，It makes people feel both exciting and reassuring。

The best selling of "Fifty Degree Gray" is a manifestation of the world -class literary phenomenon of "overbearing president in love with me"。Here，Father -in -law has evolved to the extreme，Domineering is a manifestation of a man's temperament，Men do not choose to pursue their own desire objects to be given legitimacy，Women are extremely passive。The interesting thing is，"Fifty Degree Gray" that year was affirmed by gender。Husbands feel like the change of changes after reading this book，Grey is used to sell the silver -gray tie that is used to tie the wrist of Anna's wrist as the bet365 live casino games novel.，There is a comment that "it relieves the fading marriage and rewind passion"。and female readers enter the female protagonist，Get the psychological feeling of being "sheltered" -as in real life，Women in the novel are weak，It is difficult to control your destiny，But she accidentally hit，Lucky encountered the special and sincere、handsome and rich ideal lover。

As Radway's discussion，The most popular romantic novels have such information，that is to maintain the independence of women、Meeting women's desire and patriarchal system can exist at the same time、Parallel does not contrary。"Domineering President Fall in Love with Me" romantic novels satisfy the desire of women in the reality of gender inequality and social reconciliation，and the realization of this desire can only be used by the existing patriarchal order。From this perspective，Romantic novels can be called a footnote of real gender relationship。