As one of the important research results in Chinese African history in recent years，Professor Rongxiu of Peking University School of International Relations Li Anshan's new "Modern History of Africa" ​​was published by East China Normal University Press，It is the concentration of the accumulation of its personal research accumulation for decades.，It also represents the latest progress in the research of Chinese African history，At the same time, it is also the first comprehensive discussion of an important academic work in Africa's current history of Africa since the 21st century。This book is divided into the first and lower volumes，A total of more than 1100,000 words，Time and space covers the entire African continent from the mid -to -late 19th century to the beginning of the 21st century，content in content from politics、Economy、Culture and nation discusses the development and change of African history。As an academic monograph，This book has a clear theoretical framework，There is a solid historical foundation，At the same time, many classic viewpoints and latest research results of Chinese and foreign scholars are attracted by the scholars，Show the reader's clear historical history of the study of many important issues in Africa's modern history，more clearly expressed the Chinese perspective and Chinese voice of the author's personal and Chinese African historians。

"Modern History of Africa" ​​according to politics、bet365 best casino games Economy、Culture and ethnic group divided into four parts。The first part focuses on Africa politics，Including autonomous reforms in modern Africa、Political rule of colonialism、The rise and development of non -colonization and national independent movement、political achievements and problems in Africa after independence、African democratization and national construction relationship、North Africa's huge change and Africa's integration process。Part 2 Pay attention to the economic development since the modern Africa in six aspects，Including the subjective initiative of African businessmen and farmers、Africa "Modern Virtual Start"、Difficulties and problems encountered in Africa's economic development after independence、The lack of economic discourse rights under the Western aid system、The cooperation between Africa and emerging countries and an optimistic outlook for the future development of Africa。The third part focuses on African culture，Focus on analyzing the progress of African humanities and social sciences and the difficulties facing the face。The author thinks，Humanities and Social Sciences after the independence of Africa facing the arduous task of getting rid of the influence of colonial culture and rebuilding its own system，Urgent needs to be used to achieve the inheritance and promotion of its own cultural traditions by de -colonization; at the same time，The author also introduced and analyzed African philosophy、Wu Ban Tu spirit、"Global Africa" ​​concept and "African Centralism" thought。The fourth part analyzes and discussed the issues of national state construction in Africa from two levels of theory and cases。Under the negative influence Bet365 lotto review of colonial rule，Many African colonies (independent countries) established in the nation before facing different local nations、Social Group、Village Club、The complex situation of the division of clan，Difficulties on the roads constructed by nation -state。The author uses Tanzania、Rwanda、South Africa、Specific cases of five countries in Zimbabwe and Libya，Discussion on the relationship between the construction of the nation -state and the political relationship，In a more specific way, the severe challenges faced by the construction of national countries after the independence of African countries。

"African Modern History" emphasizes the attachment and exploitation of Africa in the global capitalist system，and the long -term adverse effects brought by this dependent relationship。This originates from slave trade、The attachment of solidification during the colonial rule brought Africa "non -industrialization of colonial"，Not only does it destroy the traditional African village system and self -sufficient state，It also made Africa the economic tool of the colonial scholarship，The production or mineral resource development of a single economy for the primary country，Make it lose the opportunity to develop self -development。This attachment also seriously affects development after the independence of the African continent，Although some African countries have worked hard to develop manufacturing and change a single economic structure after independence，But these attempts failed to fundamentally change the international economic order of unequal international and the attachment position of Africa economy。Most African countries still maintain a single commodity economy retained during bet365 Play online games the colonial rule after independence，Lowstack of the global economic chain for a long time，and often being exploited and harvested by Western countries and multinational companies，So that causes domestic economic turmoil，exacerbated the country's economic difficulties and poverty states。This book also indicates，In recent decades, Western countries and some international organizations' assistance to Africa not only fail to solve the actual problems of African countries，Instead, due to the harsh additional conditions, Africa is in a "out of voice"，further deepen Africa's dependence on Western countries。

While emphasizing that colonial heritage brings structural negative heritage to Africa，"African Modern History" also emphasizes the autonomy of Africa in the modern history of the world from the perspective of Chinese scholars。Africa is not just a victim of passive and unprofitable in the capitalist world system，Instead of participants with political and economic subjective motivation，Try to find the development path that conforms to its own interests and national conditions in the world order led by the West。In politics，This book mentioned the Kingdom of the Congo、Azuanti Kingdom、Egypt、Reform attempts in Madagascar and Ethiopia。For example，Most of the time in the 19th century，Madagascar is trying to pursue the establishment of modern industry、Develop crop planting and develop mining resources，Try to try to make early industrialization，But in the end, it was forced to interrupt because of France's aggression。In terms of economy，Whether it is the mid -to -late 19th century，OPOBO (OPOBO) King Jiajia's monopoly on palm oil trade in the Niger Delta，Still the efforts to introduce cocoa Bet365 app download and actively grow in the Gold Coast Farmers，All reflect the ability and economic motivation of African businessmen and farmers。Based on the historical inspection and practical analysis of the development of Africans' own development path，The author is optimistic about the future development of Africa，I believe that Africa has its own unique advantages and huge potential，It is expected to achieve sustainable independent development in the future。

"African Modern History" fully expounded the connotation and extension of the concept of non -colonization in Africa's context，It is regarded as a historical process that has achieved certain results but is still far -reaching。The author thinks，Non -colonization is not just the independent movement of the colonial ethnic group or top -down colonial reform of the colonial ethnic colonies at the bottom of the political level，Instead, it involves the difficulty of trying to pursue economic independence and realize the twists and turns of cultural independence.。The 1950s and 1960s was the golden age of the African National Liberation Movement，It is also a period of relatively smooth economic development in some African countries，This makes African countries language、Literature、Education、History and other social sciences have carried out various forms of cultural non -colonial movements。but，In the 1970s, many African countries have encountered different degrees of political turbulence and economic stagnation，The pace of cultural non -colonization seems to slow down。As far as the research field of African history research is concerned，African scholars have flowed on a large scale from the 1980s to the United States -dominated Western academic circles，bet365 Play online games The latter gradually mastered the funds of global African history research、topic、Talent and discourse dominance，greatly weakened the influence of the African local school in the early stages of independence。As the author said，Simple political independence cannot guarantee that Africa gets rid of the external economic control，It can not bring complete autonomy of social and cultural，Only a comprehensive non -colonization that has been handled together in all three can ensure that Africa will truly get rid of the control of the control，and have true autonomy。

"Modern History of Africa" ​​presents the history of the entire Africa in the past 100 years，But this huge theme and the overall layout of the author，Determined some of the natural tendency or limitations of the book。First，Political — Economic — Culture — National Division can be targeted on each subject，However, it will inevitably lead to a certain degree of splitting of these major themes when discussing a certain African country or region。Next，Although the analysis of several cases of national issues in the book is in place，But because the time and space in the book involved is very large，It is still difficult to analyze more specific vertical cases for more specific African countries with the current space。At the same time，Although this book is a very valuable teaching reference book，But after all, it is not a purely textbook reading material arranged in the order of time，Therefore, in the undergraduate teaching, other African historical textbooks are still needed。

Construction of world -class African history research with Chinese characteristics，It is the common goal of all Chinese African historians。But，Sometimes we are very close to Chinese characteristics，But far away from the bet365 Play online games world。Followed field、Check the information、Do research，It helps Chinese African history researchers to strive to advance towards the world -class goals。

(Author Unit: College of History of Beijing Normal University)