Bai Shouyi (1909-2000)，Kaifeng from Henan，Hui，historian、Educator。In the early years, I was at Shanghai Wenzhi University、Reading in Kaifeng Zhongzhou University。1929，Entering graduate students in the Institute of Sinology, Pengjing University in Peiping，Research and Treatment of the History of Chinese Philosophy。Later Teaching in Guilin Chengda Normal School、Yunnan University、Central University and other schools，Entering the History of China、History of Chinese History、Teaching of Chinese and foreign traffic history。After the founding of New China, I was taught at Beijing Normal University，He has been the director of the Department of History for more than 30 years，President of the Standing Committee of the Chinese History Society、A researcher at the Second Institute of History of the Chinese Academy of Sciences、Vice Chairman of the Islamic Association of China，Editor -in -chief "Journal of Beijing Normal University" (Social Science Edition)，Founded and edited "Research on History History"。

Bai Shouyi's works are complicated，Published hundreds of papers，Publishing monographs "History of Chinese Transportation", "History of Chinese Muslims", "Xian Tong Dian Change", "Qin Shihuang", "Chinese Islamic History", "New Students of Return", "Collection of Study" "Education and History Heritage", "Chinese Islamic History Store", "Collection of Baishouyi National Religion", "The Collection of Bai Shou Yi History Theory", etc.;。After the death of Bai Shouyi，Its academic heir compiled and edited "Baishou Yi Collection"。

He has worked hard in the field of history for 70 years，The results are abundant; 62 years of participating in higher education，Tao Li Man Tianxia。other，He is still an excellent social activist，Multiple positions that have been served as the National People's Congress for a long time。In 1964, he was elected as the representative of the Third National People's Congress，Then he continuously serves as fourth、Fifth、Representative of the 6th National People's Congress、People's Congress Standing Committee，Member of the Fifth National People's Congress Legal Committee，Member of the 6th National People's Congress National Committee。He is the 10th National Congress of the Communist Party of China、The 13th National Congress of the Communist Party of China attended the representative、The 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China。

Mr. Bai Shouyi was born in a middle -class family with a Muslim background，Father Bai Jifu opened a light lamp company in Kaifeng and Zhengzhou、庄、Theater, etc.，Mother is also widely respected。This family attaches great importance to traditional Chinese culture and modern science education，Family in the home hired a well -known local private Mr.，Teaching Four Books and Five Classics。Bai Shouyi read a lot of books introduced in science and culture during his childhood。Under the suggestion of an enlightened private school，He entered the St. Andre School, which was opened by Canadians in Kaifeng。When the principal asked him why he learned English，He answered: I want to understand the world。

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1925，Japanese capitalist shot and killed Gu Zhenghong，Stir up the indignation of the people of Shanghai。May 30，The British military police suppress the masses who are marching for righteousness，Dozens of people and wounds，Created the "May 30 Tragedy" that shocked at home and abroad。The brutal behavior of imperialism makes Bai Shouyi deeply stimulate，He and his friend Zhang Zhuqian、Saicheng, etc., initiated the Henan Hui people -Shanghai case after the help meeting，Sound in the struggle between the Shanghai people against imperialism。Since then，He is reluctant to stay in a school to study Bet365 lotto review by the foreigners，It feels like a shame。He came to Shanghai，Study from Wenzhi University。At this time he was only 16 years old，Patriotic heart is strong，chest Huai Hongzhi。The History of Chinese Transportation published by his 28th is the first monograph on the history of transportation in my country。At this time, Japanese imperialism is stepping up to invading China，Mr. Shou Yi wrote in the time: "At this time，Difficulty in the country is to the extreme，This big cause that is related to the rise and fall of the country needs the government and the people to do it desperately。Our history of Chinese transportation，Is it a history of failure or a history of victory，Decided in the last few years。This era is no longer we can accommodate when we travel the years。"" This rigorous academic work contains his patriotic passion。

Bai Shouyi is very concerned about the economic development and cultural construction in the Northwest region。1937，Under the case of extreme difficulties，He participated in the Northwest Inspection Troupe organized by Mr. Gu Jiegang，Deep in Inner Mongolia、Ningxia、Gansu、Qinghai and other places，Examine the nation、Religious、Water conservancy、Culture，Pay particular attention to the education issues in the Northwest region。His dedication to the inspection work has been praised by Mr. Gu Jiegang。During the Republic of China，Mr. Shou Yi teaches in universities in the Kuomintang region，The number of old learning roads is taken，But he respects the history of Marxism。He and a few left -wing people Ruchutan、Zang Kejia and other friends。He paid attention to Hou Waulu's research results very early，The two "have a long time for God"。

After the founding of New China，Bai Shouyi consciously integrates love of the country into historical teaching。He published a number of papers such as "On Patriotic Education and the History of Ethical Ethnic Minority"，Emphasized: "The combination of patriotism education and ethnic minority history，Not only can it be more broadly broadly the content of patriotism education，and still deep、Reinforcement of the content of patriotism education。This aspect is passed through patriotism education，and more consolidated the unity of the people of all ethnic groups; on the other hand, because the people of all ethnic groups are more consolidated，and greatly improved the effect of patriotism education。"He cares about national development，I believe that historical workers shoulder noble social responsibility，Research History is to promote history。He said: "Understand the past，To better understand the present，Observe the future very well，The significance of research history lies in this。"" Outstanding representative of the Hui nationality，Bai Shouyi attended September 1949 the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference held in Huairen, Zhongnanhai，Ascend Tiananmen on October 1，Participated in the founding ceremony。Bai Shouyi supports the leadership of the Communist Party of China，Delivery to make suggestions for the national academic and cultural undertakings。He pursues progress，Closer to the party organization，1958 Glory joined the Communist Party of China。He treats political learning seriously，In the case of inconvenient action in the old age，Still urging the party branch to open a democratic life meeting for time，and actively participate。The Party Branch of the Institute of History of the Beijing Normal University of Beijing，Work in all aspects is very prominent，Many times have been rated as school -level and municipal outstanding party branches。

　　The academic spirit of brave and advanced

Bai Shouyi is from the Institute of Sinology, Yanjing University。He was previously well -known scholar Hu Pu'an、Gu Shi、嵇 Wenfu、Guo Shaoyujiao，At Yanjing University, he is hot at Chen Yuan、Zhang Xingyu、Feng Youlan、Xu Di Shan、Gu Jiegang、Rong Geng、Huang Zitong and other predecessors。Huang Zitong is his graduate instructor，Instruct him to study the philosophy Bet365 lotto review of the two Song Dynasty。He is closely interacting with Gu Jiegang，Get the reuse and carrying of Gu Jiegang。Gu's let him write about the reciprocal article about the Hui nationality，hire him to host Weitong Bookstore。During the Republic of China，He is an important member of Gu Jiegang's academic camp。The door to the first academic research，Bai Shouyi shows a broad academic vision and extraordinary academic ambitions。His first papers "The Necessary and the Direction of the Over -introduction of the Country and the Direction of the Treatment of Europe"，Scholars who call on the scholars who have organized the country to engage in the work of the system，Formed a variety of specialized history，To create new culture，and advocate Chinese and Western and use，Take its director。Institute of Sinology, Yanjing University，He plans to write a book "History of Chinese Philosophy" with two or three years.。Although this plan looks unrealistic，But the brave and advanced spirit of his research academics is really good。

During the Republic of China，Bai Shouyi engaged in many occupations，If the establishment of an academic journal，As a freelance writer，Entering colleges as a professor，More areas involved in academic research，But the most influential influence of Hui people is still the research of the Hui nationality，He is also the most well -known with a Muslim history expert。The half -monthly magazine he founded "Islam"，For the Muslim Special Number for the editor -in -chief of "Yu Gong"，published and published "The earliest Chinese record of Islam from the Campaign of Laoros", "Song During the Song Dynasty", "Chinese Muslim History", "Muslims and Muslims", "Chinese Islamic History" wait，Both are pioneering and foundable，Not only does it have a great impact in the ethnic and religious world，and win high evaluation of the academic world。December 1946，Gu Jiegang was interviewed by Jiang Xingyu，Comment on Chinese contemporary history and historians，When answering "What are the excellent young historians in China now"，Gu Jiegang mentioned many historical talents，Talking about Bai Shouyi's specialized history research: "Bai Shouyi, a professor at Yunnan University of Religion History of Religion，Expert of Islamic History。”

After the founding of New China，Bai Shouyi once again rejuvenated academic youth，Conscious learning and using Marxism for historical research。He emphasizes the basic training of historical disciplines，Also emphasized the need to effectively master the basic theory of Marxism，Under the guidance of Marxist Material History，Study the characteristics and rules of the development of Chinese history。1962，He published his own thesis set，Select "12 articles written since liberation"，Famous "Study Set"。The reason is called "learning step"，It is because this is the preliminary results obtained by learning and using Marxism。He wrote in the book "Title": "When liberated nationwide，I have taught a history of more than ten years ... I have never been in contact with Marxism at all。After liberation，My education in the party、Care and the help of comrades，Preliminary study and use Marxism to deal with historical problems，I feel a lot of difficulties every further，All must pay a lot of labor and struggle。12 years，I sincerely have the joy that cannot be masked，It seems that in the field of history and sciences, after all, a person who is completely unable to move can gradually learn to try on。"Bai Shouyi systematically read Marx、Engels、Lenin、Stalin、Mao Zedong and others' works，With deep Marxist cultivation。He is highly conscious in theory，It is clearly engaged in historical research under the guidance of the historical view of materialism: "We are on the basis of trying to learn to use the basic theory of Marxism，Exploring the process of Chinese historical development and its characteristics。"1989，At the Symposium on "Forty Years of History History"，He emphasizes the importance of learning Marxism again。He said, Bet365 app download "We must pay attention now，First，I still have to re -study Marxism。Forty years of the founding of the People's Republic of China，We are all learning。Now it looks，Still superficial，Not so deep。Look at the situation from the past，Adopt a practical attitude towards Marxism，Still quite serious。This problem is very big。"" Now we are going to create a new situation in history work，It should be learned from the beginning。These paragraphs after 40 years，Understanding the level of Marxism is higher than in the past，The results of learning will be better than in the past。"He appreciates Hou Waulu's number of academic roads，Comments: "If you say，Marxism in the spread and development of Chinese history，Li Dazhao's "The Essentials of History" is a staged sign of the 1920s，Guo Lao’s "Research on Ancient Chinese Social Social" is a sign of the 1930s，So，In the 1940s，The works of Comrade Wailu should have its unique status in the same period of Marxist historical works。"Study on social history，Study of academic history，Both Bai Shouyi and Hou Waulu both have a common academic purpose，That is the pursuit of "self -procurement" under the guidance of Marxism。

After reform and opening up，Bai Shouyi in the seventh year of the year continues to be active in Chinese historical altar，He established the Institute of History at Beijing Normal University、Ancient Books Research Institute，Leading academic team engaged in large -scale academic engineering construction。He claims to start learning after the age of seventy，The life of academic life lies in innovation，indicates that I will still take a new road。In the last 20 years of the 20th century，Whether it is academic impact or academic contribution，Bai Shouyi can be called the leader of Chinese Marxist history。

　　Broadly -governing history

Mr. Bai Shouyi has a wide range of academic scope，His teaching and discussion involve the history of Chinese folklore、History of Islam in China、Hui History、History of Chinese National Relations、History of Chinese Transportation、History of Chinese and foreign transportation、History of Chinese Philosophy、Chinese History Literature、History of Chinese History、History theory、Chinese general history, etc.。

His early years to folk literature、Folklore is interested。Published "Kaifeng Ballad Collection" in 1929，Write "Ancient Chinese Dragon and Phoenix Guilin Worship", "Su superstition about virgins", "Five -State Ballad Wells", "Legend of Yin Zhou、Records and Clan Gods "" Folklore and History "and other papers。

History of Islamic Chinese Islamic、Research on the History of Hui people has a close relationship with its origin。Belief of the Hui people、Customs、Living habits，He is familiar with。In this field，His unique conditions，The achievements in this area make him the history of Islamic education in the Chinese modern academic system、The founder of the History of the Hui nationality。Therefore, he also won the reputation of the Hui History expert in the academic community of the Republic of China。After the founding of New China，His Research on Hui people entered a new realm。In old age，He is even more organized，Edited multi -volume "Hui Person" and the huge "History of Chinese Return to the National History"。The study of his history of Chinese national relations is the expansion of the research of the Hui History。As early as the early stage of the Anti -Japanese War，In the academic contention of the "Chinese nation is a one" in Kunming's "Yi Shi News · Frontier Weekly"，Bai Shouyi actively participated in the discussion，Emphasize the unity of the Chinese nation。After the founding of New China，More results in this area，Especially the "Several Issues in the History of Chinese National Relations", the biggest influence。His history of Chinese transportation is mainly reflected in his "History of Chinese Transportation" published in 1937。"History of Chinese and Foreign Transportation" is the course he offers at Yunnan bet365 Play online games University，It has something to do with the history of Chinese transportation。He said: "My interest in the history of Chinese and foreign transportation，It also started from writing this book。Later，from the history of Chinese and foreign transportation and the history of Chinese Arabia，History of Islam in China，and Hui History，and Chinese National History，Interests are constantly extending。”

Bai Shouyi made a study of many thinkers in Chinese history。Before his graduate student，Written as "Three Masters of the Pre -Qin Thoughts"，Discussion Kong、Old、The philosophical and political thoughts of ink; during the graduate period，Study the philosophy of the Song Dynasty，Published a number of papers about Zhu Xi。The study of Zhu Xi also allowed him to get a good training in historical literature，to lay a deep literature directory skills。The 2070s，The central government officially approves the punctuation twenty -four history，Mr. Gu Jiegang's foundation。Because Mr. Gu is old and sick，The actual work is chaired by Bai Shouyi。This scale is grand、Achievements、The academic undertakings that are brilliant，Make him accumulate rich experience in ancient books。In old age，He proposed the theory of historical literature，advocates "Chinese History Literature，can include four parts。a、The theoretical part。2、History part。3、Part of the classification。4、Application part。"" contribute to the construction of historical literature。

Mr. Bai Shouyi engaged in the teaching and research of the history of Chinese history began in the 1940s。1942，With the support of Chutannan, he offers a course of Chinese history history at Yunnan University，In 1946, he gave a speech at the Wuhua College of Kunming "Evolution of Chinese History Corridor"。Published in 1947 "Review (Jin Yu's History)" History of Chinese History "，Show his studies and knowledge in Chinese history。At the National Liberal Arts Teaching Material Conference in 1961，He was designated as the editor -in -chief of the ancient part of the ancient part of Chinese history textbooks。For the compilation of this textbook，He established the writing group and teaching and research room at Beijing Normal University，Establishment of "References for History of Chinese History"，Host held several large -scale historical history discussions。To the "Cultural Revolution" to the outbreak of the "Cultural Revolution"，He published nearly 30 articles on the history of Chinese history，and the most reflected in his thoughts about the construction of history and history at that time，That is "Talking about History Heritage", "Sima Qian Apartment in the Preface", "Discussion on the Research Mission of Chinese History History"。Another，"The Development of Zheng Yan's History of Liu Zhi", "The Clan God in the Legend of Yin Zhou", "Childhood of Chinese History", "Sima Qian and Ban Gu", "Chen Shou、Yuan Hong and Fan Ye "and other articles are also masterpieces of history research，It has pioneering significance。This period，The research results of the history of Mr. Bai Shouyi system are "Chinese History History (First Draft)"。This manuscript is written from the pre -Qin Dynasty to Liu Zhiji，It is an unfinished work that interrupted due to the "Cultural Revolution"。After the 1980s，He regards high age and is high，Published a series of historical papers in a row，The theory of more mature Chinese history history is proposed。He said: "History of history，refers to the objective process of the development of historical。"History of Chinese History，Is "the process of the development of Chinese history and its rules"，The content of its research "includes the development of Chinese history itself，The relationship between Chinese history and other disciplines in development，The characteristics of the times reflected in the development of Chinese history，The influence of various achievements of Chinese history in society "。He proposed Bet365 app download the methodology of historical research，It is believed that the study of historians or historical works can be from historical theory、Historical materials、Compilation science and historical literature are performed。He summarized Chinese historical literature achievements，point out: "Summarize the fine traditions of Chinese historical literature，I think the most noteworthy is this six words: accurate、Concrete、Vivid。"" "，From the 1960s to the end of the 20th century，The discussion of the theory of the discipline of historians from the macro historius、Specific History Special Research，From the perspective of the organizational work of the national history and history，Mr. Bai Shouyi is a veritable "Banner on the Banner on the Study on History History"。

Based on the research of history history，He edited "Introduction to History"。He believes that the "Introduction to History" should discuss the basic problems in Chinese history and the development of modern history，and propose tasks faced by contemporary history。Famous historian Chen Guangchong highly evaluated this "Introduction to History"，Say it "put forward a lot of novel insights，窠 窠 窠。It should be said，The biggest advantage of "Introduction to History" is that it is based on the basic theory of refining and summarizing history from traditional Chinese history，Is an important historical theoretical work。

　The most glorious compilation of the history of the history

1999，The large -scale "Chinese General History" edited by President Bai Shouyi was published。The then President Jiang Zemin sent a congratulatory letter to Mr. Bai Shouyi: "The twenty -two volumes of" The History of China "you edited，It is a great event in the historic community in my country。You in the year of 耄耋，Still writing endlessly，Diligent in research，can be described as old man Fu，Strong heart。Important achievements to you and your colleagues in historical research，I express my heartfelt congratulations! "

The large -scale "Chinese General History" edited by President Bai Shouyi，12 volumes，22 volumes，A total of 12.569 million words，Is the largest Chinese general history in Chinese history。Mr. Bai Shouyi completes it as the most important academic cause，It took more than 20 years for it。The "Outline of the History of China" edited by him，Published in 1980 was also well received，and being translated into English、French、Spanish、Japanese, etc.，Issuing abroad。

Bai Shouyi's academic broadly involved in the broad，Already as above。Actually，He is not exerting an abnormal force in the field of academics，Instead of owning its own focus and core。In the last 20 years of life，He mainly works around the compilation of multi -volume "Chinese General History", "Hui Person" and research on Chinese history.。And these three aspects are interconnected、Promote mutual。where，Compilation of "Chinese General History" occupies the most important position，Completing a subtle "Chinese General History" is the highest academic pursuit of his life。

Tong history has a comprehensive、Comprehensive、The characteristics of the system，It represents the overall cognition of past history，For a country、A nation、A political party often has very important significance。That year，Fan Wenlan's "Simple Chinese Story of Chinese General History" was published by Comrade Mao Zedong's high evaluation of Comrade Mao Zedong，can explain this。Comrade Mao Zedong said: "Our party did another big event in Yan'an，Explain that our Communists have thousands of years of history for their own country，Not only our opinion，And wrote a complete history of China。This indicates that the Chinese Communist Party has the right to speak for the history of our country for thousands of years，I also gave out a scientific work。"for a scholar，Tongshi writing is also the highest level of academic work。From the academic process of Mr. Bai Shouyi，He has such a grand wish for a long time，And his twice bet365 best casino games visits abroad，It also made him deeply feel that this is a sacred mission that a historian should shoulder。1971，At the second National Publishing Symposium，Premier Zhou Enlai proposed to write a initiative of Chinese general history，Give Mr. Bai Shouyi with huge inspiration and encouragement。Since then，He consciously incorporated the compilation of Chinese general history into his own academic plan。

Multi -volume of "The History of China" and the style of the "History of China" and such as historical staging、State Field、Nations and other basic theories，All founded by Mr. Bai Shouyi，It is the crystallization of his life exploring the theory of Chinese history and the theory of general history。The genre of Multi -volume "The History of China" is a new body tailor created by the length of the history of traditional biography and the length of modern chapters，Known as "New Complex"。Except the guideline and the ancient times,，The rest of the volumes are theory of preface、Summary、Dianzhi、Biography four parts of four parts，It is intended to multi -level、Display the historical development process of Chinese history，It has reached a high degree of unity in revealing the regularity of history and the richness of historical content。Bai Shouyi's installment of Chinese history，Especially the installment of feudal society，It is made from comprehensive factors，Level of social productivity (including science and technology)、Class structure of the Rule Group、The degree of dependence of farmers to the landlord class、The change of the land system and taxation system、slogan and form of class struggle、The degree of feudalization of ethnic minorities、Changes in Chinese and foreign relations, etc.，Avoid the one -sidedness caused by a single standard，Agree with most scholars in the historian community。About the unity of Chinese multi -ethnic groups，He proposed the "four types、A trend "theory，That is, there are four types of unity in Chinese history: unity within all ethnic groups、Unification of regional multi -ethnicity、Unity of national multi -ethnicity、The unity of the multi -ethnic group of the People's Republic of China; in the long river of Chinese history，Although the ethnic relationship is twists and turns，But the general trend is unified as the mainstream，The friendly relationship between nation is getting closer and closer。

Modification and finalization of each volume of "Chinese General History"，All incorporate the research results of Mr. Bai Shouyi。His addition and deletion of historical facts、The school reform and color of text，Just like Sima Guang edited "Zi Zhi Tong Jian", I am exhausted。This giant system has exhausted his hard work。About its achievements，There are many studies，Don't be repeated here。Here，I would like to borrow Mr. Dai Yi on April 26, 1999 at the comments on the "Multi -Volume" Chinese General History "and expressed respect for Mr. Bai Shouyi-" This is an unprecedented great work，It is the finale of the Chinese historian community in the 20th century。This is the hard work of Bai Lao's hard work，It is a major contribution to the academic world，It is a precious gift he dedicated to this century。”

　　(The author is a professor at the School of History of Beijing Normal University)