The Yangtze River Economic Belt is an important ecological security and economic and social development barrier in my country。2017，Ministry of Environmental Protection (now the Ministry of Ecology and Environment)、National Development Reform Commission、The Ministry of Water Resources and other four ministries and commissions jointly issued the "Yangtze River Economic Belt Ecological Environmental Protection Plan"，To effectively protect and improve the ecological environment of the Yangtze River，Subsequent，The environmental governance of the Yangtze River Economic Belt entered a new stage。April 2018，General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized at the in -depth promotion of the development symposium of the Yangtze River Economic Belt，The problem of "Chemical Wide Jiang" along the Yangtze River is prominent，Become a hidden concern of the Yangtze River pollution。In order to further improve the pollution status of the Yangtze River "Chemical Wide River"，In recent years, the provinces along the Yangtze River Economic Belt to resolve risks of environmental pollution along the river，Take a series of measures，Repairing the effectiveness of chemical pollution and ecological environment along the river。

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Overall，The management of the "chemical surrounding river" of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is significantly effective，pollution emissions are significantly reduced，Significant improvement of water body quality，Ecological resource recovery is in a good situation。

First，Decreased pollution intensity in chemical enterprises。Under the requirements of strict governance chemical pollution，Provincial provinces along the line accelerate the production process of chemical enterprises green low carbonization，Reducing the amount and emissions of chemical pollution，Make sure the chemical waste is treated，Yangtze River chemical pollution bet365 live casino games treatment has achieved good results。Powering point with the management of the environment along the river，The Yangtze River Economic Belt basically realizes the double drop goals of the total industrial pollution emissions and the intensity of industrial pollution emissions。In terms of the total amount of industrial pollution emissions，Compared with 2013，The total amount of industrial wastewater discharge along the 11 provinces along the Yangtze River Economic Belt in 2018、Industrial sulfur dioxide emissions、The amount of industrial solid waste was reduced by 29.2%, respectively、71.4%、0.1%。In terms of industrial pollution emissions，Compared with 2013，2018 Yangtze River Economic Belt 11 provinces along the 11 provinces of industrial wastewater emissions、Industrial sulfur dioxide emissions strength、Industrial solid waste generates intensity by 45.3%, respectively、77.9%、22.3%。

Second，The quality of water along the river has increased significantly。Water body quality as an important dimension for the quality of the ecological environment of the Yangtze River，Improvement of water body quality is the basic task to ensure the stability of the water ecosystem of the Yangtze River。The provinces along the line optimize the compressing low -end production capacity of the chemical industry along the river、Strengthen chemical sewage treatment，Chemical pollution emissions are significantly reduced，The water quality is steadily improved and gradually becomes a good state。Data display，Excellent section ratio of water quality along the province in 2018 reached 79.3%，Poor water -like water proportion dropped by 6.2 percentage points，Water body quality is far better than other basins。

third，Changjiang ecosystem repair acceleration。Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，The construction of ecological civilization is rising to a major national strategy，Chemical pollution as the core bottleneck of stability and ecological civilization construction in the Yangtze River ecosystem，Get positive attention from the government and enterprises。Very efforts to increase the level Bet365 lotto review of chemical environmental risk management under the provinces along the line，Restore the ecological function of the Yangtze River and build the Yangtze River ecological security barrier，The ecosystem of the province along the line has a large degree of repair。The total amount of water resources in the Yangtze River Economic Belt in 2018 increased by 109.48 billion cubic meters from 2013，The increase is as high as 10.0%。

　　The governance mechanism needs to be improved

With the joint efforts of the whole society，Effective progress has been made in ecological environmental protection along the Yangtze River Economic Belt in recent years。Despite this，There are also some obvious problems in the process of promoting the ecological environment of the Yangtze River Economic Belt，It is mainly manifested in the following three aspects。

First，Integrated mechanism of chemical management is not yet sound。Different from the administrative management system，There are obvious differences in governance efficiency and level of governance along the river，The decentralized layout of chemical enterprises has increased the difficulty of governance at all levels along the route，The lack of uniform chemical pollution joint defense joint treatment mechanism between the provinces of the Yangtze River Economic Belt。Not only that，Chemical pollution treatment also faces restrictions on regional economic development。Because the economy in the upper and middle and lower reaches is in different development stages，Some downstream and central cities along the river are under the strict environmental control of the region，There is a possibility of transferring pollution emissions to the middle and upstream areas and environmentally friendly regulatory cities。In particular, the heavy chemical industry has the function of driving economic growth and tax increase in the short term，Some developed cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt have strong motivation to undertake low -end chemical capacity，Then lead to deterioration of the regional ecological environment。

Second，The "Chemical Engineering Waijiang" basin governance system has not yet been formed。The regional unit of the current Yangtze River Economic Belt along the river is still dominated Bet365 app download by the government，Basically formed a province and one strategy、The governance pattern of one policy。The division of administrative entries of chemical management is more serious，It cannot form a basin joint force for the management of chemical problems along the river，The advantages of the watershed in the Yangtze River Economic Belt Chemical Management are difficult to release。"Chemical Engineering Wide River" is essentially a basin environmental problem，The Yangtze River Economic Belt is a basin economic belt formed by the tight upper, middle and downstream areas，But the imperfection of the environmental governance system of the basin has also become a factor restricting further improvement in the ecological environment。Each administrative area has greater governance autonomy，Local governments may have negative competition in the actual economic operation，Ecological benefits are rarely considered when chemical decision -making and chemical pollution control，It is not conducive to the system governance of chemical environment issues in accordance with the principle。

third，Chemical management of the watershed in the field of differentiation lag。The Yangtze River Economic Belt spans the three major economic areas of the east, middle and west of the country，Cover the four major main functional areas of the country，Connecting coastal and inland areas，In the resource endowment of all regions along the river、Geographical location、There are large differences in the aspects of industrial foundation。But，The provinces of the Yangtze River Economic Belt are still in the one -way constraint phase of the chemical industry，Upstream and downstream areas、Relative to chemical governance ideas in dry tributaries，Not conducive to the comparative advantages and main functions of various regions。For example，When the upstream area is governing the riverside chemical problems，Failure to consider the fragility of the regional environment，Although it is clearly stipulated that new chemical enterprises must not be built within one kilometer along the river，but not enough to continue to maintain the stability of ecological barriers in the upper reaches of Bet365 app download the Yangtze River。Although the environmental carrying capacity of the middle and lower reaches is relatively strong，It has not been able to connect with chemical pollution with the high -end green high -end of the industrial structure，Even the phenomenon of "one -size -fits -all" phenomenon Bet365 lotto review of chemical environmental protection，Obstructing the healthy and orderly development of the chemical industry and the governance of ecological environment。

　　Effectively promote the governance of ecological environment

Generally speaking，Deepen the ecological environment governance of the Yangtze River Economic Belt，Need to follow synergy、Expenses of precision governance and modernization。

First，Promote the collaborative governance of chemical pollution in the Yangtze River。Relying on big data and Internet technology，Constructing the Economic Belt of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, chemical and environmental risk dynamic monitoring network，Promote the real -time global sharing of chemical environment information in various regions，Forms a chemical governance basin joint force，Realize cross -department、Cross -region、Cross -risk environmental risk supervision and emergency coordination linkage。At the same time，Priority to set up a chemical park in ecological safety areas in the jurisdiction，Guide chemical enterprises to gather industrial parks with strong resource and environmental carrying capacity，Maximum reduction in the transformation and migration cost of chemical enterprises，Prevent underdeveloped areas from becoming a "refuge" for chemical pollution，Make sure that the chemical risk does not diffuse、Do not output outside。Take the control of the sources of chemical industry of the Yangtze River as the starting point，Cooperative rectification of the regional heavy chemical problem of the Yangtze River in Haikou、The main tributaries of the Yangtze River and the richness of the lake water body、Yangtze Ship's mobile source and pesticide fertilizer facial source pollution，Handle the relevant environmental problems of "Chemical Wide Jiang"，Comprehensive consolidation of chemical governance effectiveness。

Next，Accelerate the precision bet365 live casino games and precision of the governance of chemical pollution。Taking the county as the basic unit，For the Yangtze River Economic Belt along the river、Key ecological function zone、The main gathering area of ​​the chemical industry to carry out the capacity of the resource and environment carrying and the development of land and space development appropriate evaluation，Identifying the three types Bet365 lotto review of chemical environmental risks of high, middle, and low -to -high。Based on different risk levels，Implement differentiated chemical governance policies，Get policy in the local area、Due to the river、Due to the city's policy。Determine the pollution emissions and treatment standards of chemical enterprises according to regional environmental requirements and green development needs，For chemical enterprises that meet environmental standards, all unreasonable additional production constraints should be banned，Encourage enterprises to accelerate the development of green high -end fine chemicals。Priority to develop green low -carbon and environmentally friendly energy -saving water -saving chemical industry，Strict control of traditional production capacity excess chemical industry，Promote the high -end structure of the chemical industry of the Yangtze River Economic Belt、Green、Quality。

Last，Building a modern environmental governance system for chemical pollution。The point is to improve the Yangtze River chemical governance supervision system，Appropriate expansion of environmental protection preparation、Based on the ability to enhance government chemical supervision，Improve public supervision and illegal emission report feedback mechanism，Stimulating Chemical Environmental Supervision Channel，Build a government、Society、The "Trinity" environmental supervision system of the enterprise。Continue to promote environmental inspectors "Looking back"，For environmental protection and standard chemical enterprises, no regular environmental inspection is conducted without affecting normal production conditions，Increase the punishment of unqualified enterprises，Strictly combat the formalism Bet365 lotto review of chemical environmental governance，Construction of laws and regulations bet365 live casino games for strengthening the governance of the Yangtze River chemical industry。

　(This article is the environmental risk and differentiated governance path of the “‘ chemical surrounding river ”of the National Social Science Fund Youth Project of the National Social Science Fund (20CJL021)、National Social Science Fund General Project "Research on High -quality Development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt Manufacturing Industry" (19BJL061) phased achievement)

(Author Unit: School of Economics Management of Southwest University; Institute of Development Strategy and Planning of Wuhan University)