Since the reform and opening up，Mainly engaged in "foundry、OEM "and other processing manufacturing links in China，Forced to be at the bottom of the global industrial chain。With the gradual weakening of the demographic dividend and the continuous rise in the cost of factors，To achieve a high -end jump in the middle and high -end of the value chain，China should vigorously promote the transformation and upgrade of manufacturing enterprises，Then get rid of the "low -end lock" of the global value chain。At the same time，The current outbreak of the new crown pneumonia has a large extent blocking the free circulation of goods and elements，The global supply chain has shrunk。Multiple challenges brought to the changes in domestic and foreign environment，China needs to find the "machine" in the "danger" in time，Based on the huge domestic market，Exploring the internal power of the global value chain upgrade。Release of localized industrial agglomeration advantages can be used as one of the important breakthroughs。

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The uneven distribution of economic activities has always received widespread attention。As a collection of production、Transaction、Coordination and other functions of industrial agglomeration，Enterprises and enterprises in the cluster、Enterprise and workers、Interactive network for enterprises and consumers，Promote the flow and sharing of various types of production factors，Accelerate products、Creation and application of knowledge，Then produce a significant external economy，Help the global value chain upgrade of companies in the cluster。First, the interaction between the enterprise and the enterprise。Large -scale gathering of enterprises to form a vast consumer market for intermediate products，provides a strong market foundation for the real -scale economy for middle -quality suppliers。bet365 best casino games Development of this type of manufacturer，Make the intermediate variety diversified，reduced the price of domestic intermediate products，Realizing the sharing mechanism of "things"。Geographically approaching，Help interacting between enterprises，Promoting the spread and application of knowledge, especially the knowledge of knowledge,。The accumulation of human capital brought by this close -range communication and interaction and the "innovation -imitation" mode，Promoting technical equipment transactions and research and development collaboration between enterprises，Realizing the sharing mechanism of "knowledge"。Coordinated association between space gathering enterprises，It also improved the cost of breach of contract，Hit the asymmetric information and transaction risks of enterprises，Improving the business credit of the enterprise，It is conducive to collective guarantee、Mutual guarantee between individuals to raise funds，At the same time, improve the scale and efficiency of financial institutions to provide financing services as a whole，Realized the sharing mechanism of "financing"。Second, the interaction between enterprises and workers。On the one hand，Enterprise's space agglomeration has promoted the breeding and growth of the labor force "reservoir"，Ensure that there is plenty of labor supply，Improving the flexibility of the company's adjustment of the output plan according to the internal and external situations。On the other hand，A large number of agglomerations of workers have accelerated the flow of supply and demand information，reduced the asymmetry of supply and demand information，Then better realize industry matching of corporate needs and labor supply、Working and job matching。Third, the interaction between enterprises and consumers。Enterprises in the cluster can adsorb a large number of workers to become consumers，Through the development of new products to meet consumer diversified preferences，Form an effective local market scale，Help enterprise release the economy and bet365 live casino games scope economic effect。At the same time，These companies can also quickly feedback the user experience at home and abroad to the upstream companies in the cluster，Establish a market information feedback mechanism from "single enterprise" to "cluster overall"，Realize consumer information sharing，Slow down the "long whip effect" caused by the upstream enterprise due to the supply chain level，Accelerate product update replacement。

The above three interactive relationships，From the perspective of the intensive marginal perspective of a given trade method，The external effects released by industrial agglomeration can effectively improve the level of enterprise innovation and product quality，and further increase corporate cost bonus、Reduce the relative price of domestic intermediate products，Improve corporate added value acquisition ability。From the perspective of the broad -marginal perspective of the transformation of trade methods，Industrial agglomeration can promote the general trade of enterprises from low -value -added processing trade to high value -added general trade，Extend the duration of enterprises to engage in general trade。Visible，Industrial agglomeration to realize the trade structure upgrade by changing trade methods，Then drive the overall cluster and the export of the entire industry to the domestic added value，Promoting the manufacturing industry in the country to rise to the mid -to -high -end high -end value chain。

　　Localization path to expand industrial agglomeration

Chinese companies have long undertaked low value -added processing、assembly、Manufacturing link，To a large extent relying on the global supply chain led by developed countries to provide intermediate products。On the one hand，High cost than cost、R & D investment with long return cycle，Obtaining high -tech foreign intermediate products with low cost is more in line with the short -term interests of the enterprise，Therefore, it has weakened the enthusiasm of enterprises to develop substantial innovation。Insufficient investment bet365 best casino games in scientific research and the lack of "high -precision" talents，It makes it difficult for enterprises to achieve the "threshold value" for obtaining the spillover of middle product technology，spillover technology is therefore unable to be absorbed and digestive and innovative。On the other hand，In order to maintain its leadership of its global value chain，Frequent technical blockade and product prices of enterprises in developing countries，Supply of international intermediate products controlled by controlling、Marketing channels、The consumption evaluation system blocks the expectations of the expected transformation。The value chain "low -end lock" faced by manufacturing companies in my country，Need to fundamentally change the "external demand -driven" growth method，Relying on the broad domestic market to explore the localization path of the global value chain upgrade。Existing research indicates，External effects brought about by industrial agglomeration of the local market，It can improve the ability of the added value of the enterprise，Optimize corporate trade method，Improve the competitive advantage of the cluster as a whole to participate in the global value chain。Therefore，Chinese companies realize the rising global value chain，It can focus on the localization path of industrial agglomeration，Through cluster layout、Development of scale，Improve your innovation ability，Breakthrough value chain capture difficulties。

First，Strengthen the construction of urban agglomerations，drive and optimize the industrial cluster through urban cluster。Gathering of production factors brought by urban agglomerations、Population agglomeration and innovative drive effect，Can effectively promote high -quality agglomeration of the industry、Fusion。The first is to promote the integration of urban agglomerations。Pay attention to "top -level design"，It is necessary to coordinate the local land and space collaboration pattern of different scale urban agglomerations，It Bet365 app download is also necessary to optimize the ladder development pattern of the industrial industry in the urban agglomeration，Based on the "point -axis -net", give full play to the location advantage of all levels of cities、Upgrade the industrial supply chain system。The second is to give play to the expansion of domestic demand、Leading role in promoting consumption，Provide a broad market for further expansion of industrial clusters。Vigorously develop service consumption and new consumption，Use big data、Artificial intelligence and other new technologies，Cultivation Customization、Smart and other new formats、New mode。Third, pay attention to the development of innovative urban agglomerations，Using scientific research innovation to help industrial clusters high -quality construction。Actively build an innovative collaborative service platform，Improve the capacity of innovation; strengthen market -oriented results transformation incentive policy，Improve the conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements。Fourth is to strengthen the linkage between urban agglomerations，Promote the overall development of urban agglomerations、Movies Development、"Breaking Circle" Development。Use big data、Internet and other new technologies to speed up information flow，Dredging Industry Group、Coordinated information between urban agglomerations "Great Artery"，Make up the keen power of enterprises to capture domestic international market information。Promote the construction of a modern transportation and logistics system，Unblocked Commodity Transportation Network，Consolidate the "hardware" foundation of the domestic unified market，Establish an organic connection with the construction of high -quality urban agglomeration with the new development pattern。

Second，Promote the free flow of production factors，Promote the optimization of industrial space structure with reasonable and efficient agglomeration with factor。Production factors spontaneously bet365 live casino games flow according to the supply and demand structure and price system in different areas，Can give full play to the advantages of the location、Optimize industrial space structure。In terms of labor market，It should be improved to improve the unified and standardized human resources market system，Through education、Training in job、"Gan Middle School" and other mechanisms to realize human capital accumulation，While giving full play to the role of market regulation，Construct a "two -wheel" driver system for supervision and service，Promote the reasonable flow of various types of talents to form talents gathering high ground，Ensure the effective matching of human capital and economic development。In terms of capital market，In addition to giving full play to the role of self -regulation of the capital market，It should also effectively carry out policy guidance and regulation。On the one hand，Accelerate the innovation of financial product innovation that serves the real economy; on the other hand，Investment and financiers of different sizes，Create multi -level、Capital service market with distinctive characteristics，Preventing capital disorderly expansion，Make it effectively support the development of the real economy。

Third，Relying on industrial clusters for scientific research innovation，Fully release the knowledge overflow brought by industrial agglomeration。Various innovative bases mainly engaged in industrial common basic technology，The main source of the company's support for public technology。Establish an innovation platform to rely on industrial clusters，Can fully release the knowledge overflow effect brought by industrial agglomeration，To better provide technical services to enterprises in the cluster、Innovation guidance，Help the high -quality development of industrial clusters。First, we will conduct overall management with basic technology research and development，Optimize the resource allocation of the innovation platform，Make sure the stability of technology research and development、bet365 best casino games Precise、Long -term。Second is to strengthen the connection between independent innovation leading enterprises in the innovation base and industrial cluster，Jointly overcome the core technology bottleneck，Build the orderly connection and efficient integration of key industrial supply chains in the industrial cluster，Improve the value acquisition ability of the cluster as a whole in the global value chain。Third, strengthen the research and development interaction of scientific research institutions and enterprises，Increase the support for innovation and entrepreneurship，Location advantage through industrial cluster，Promote the deep integration of "industry -university -research"，Fully mobilize corporate innovation vitality，Help local enterprises realize the value chain upgrade。

　(Author Unit: School of Economics, Nankai University)