Academic review or academic review，There are two ways of writing: one is a classification and summary of everything，One is the candlelight from a specific perspective。The former is like a supermarket product display，Container clues are not important；The latter is like an experience store，The clue is clear，Some fine products may be put in the corner or even ignored。This article is intended from the perspective of subject autonomy，Review and Commentary on the Research Status of Chinese bet365 sign up offer in 2021。

Any knowledge is the dialectical unity of transcendence and locality。Transcendence comes from people and their organized nature，Locality comes from the coercion of the "historical-social-cultural" structures of different regional communities in different eras。The transcendence and locality of political knowledge are not naturally nested together。Rather，They are always in a state of adaptive change，In ancient and modern times、Inside and outside、Staggering forward in the comparative entanglement of experience and ideas。Systematicity as political knowledge、Specialized Research，Disciplinary autonomy of bet365 sign up offer，It is also an exploration of the above cognition、Adjustment and Shaping。Where does the problem awareness of Chinese bet365 sign up offer come from？What is the research object？These fundamental issues，The process that determines the autonomy of disciplines。

Overall，The autonomy of Chinese bet365 sign up offer has been discussed as a possibility in previous years、Localization call，Differentiation and reorganization that develops into research fields、The scientific exploration of society and the emergence of institutional concepts。

　2021，The most eye-catching thing in bet365 sign up offer is the continued development of historical politics and field politics，And the academic trend caused by it。Historical politics and field politics are two of the most popular methods of “taking China as the object” in the field of Chinese bet365 sign up offer in recent years.，A concentrated representative of the research trend “using China as the method”，They take it as their mission to discover and explain "Chineseness"，It is a fundamental methodological transformation that is different from Western bet365 sign up offer。The difference is，The problem awareness of historical politics comes from the review of contemporary Western political theory，Instead, I chose a path focusing on looking back at history from modern times、An analysis path to seek modern China’s development resources from history；The problem consciousness of field politics comes directly from contemporary field (especially rural experience)，Attempting to seek explanations by looking back at historical heritage during the research process。The two have different origins of problem consciousness，Different paths lead to the same destination，Invariably turn to history。2021，The research progress of the two lies in: historical politics has moved from program release to middle-level research，In several seminars or workshops held by the Historical and Political Research Center of Renmin University of China and other research organizations (such as "China's Renaissance from an Interdisciplinary Perspective and the Fourth Annual Conference of the 'Politics: China and the World' Forum") Rethinking 'Family-Country' Relationship and State Theory" "Special Seminar on 'Family-Country'")，The themes of the topics and participating papers have been moved to the middle-level research objects。This aspect enriches the empirical field of historical politics，On the other hand, it opens a social scientific path for the study of traditional Chinese politics。Field politics is based on maintaining the middle field (such as "household system", "ancestral human rights" and "small peasant country")，Gradually rise and condense into theoretical abstraction above mid-level research，Professor Xu Yong’s "Construction of Field Politics" is an effort in this dimension。In addition，As an extension of historical politics，Professor Yang Guangbin developed the world politics he called for in previous years from papers into a monograph，"World Political Theory" attempts to construct a more comprehensive disciplinary blueprint for world politics。

To some extent，The disciplinary autonomy of Chinese bet365 sign up offer has evolved into the differentiation and reorganization stage of research field development。The so-called research field，means research object，Or these empirical phenomena、The field of experience enters the disciplinary searchlight of bet365 sign up offer。In the bonanza of “Chinese experience”，Contemporary field and historical experience in both time and space，It is still national governance in the horizontal field、Place (region、Community、Rural) experience、Political parties and party building (mission-based political parties)、Ethnicity and Frontier、Political and business relations、Policy mechanism (document politics、Targeted Poverty Alleviation、Project system), etc.，Both have greatly expanded the research field of empirical politics。The advancement of these issues，Not from 2021，The academic line is not cut off by the natural year，Even within the framework of the “national governance” issue，It has lasted for nearly ten years。The changes in 2021 are，More bet365 sign up offer researchers or researchers from other disciplines will join the bet365 sign up offer research team，Form an interdisciplinary research alliance led by bet365 sign up offer。for example，Political sociology moves closer to bet365 sign up offer (power analysis of governance)，Research on Ethnology and Border History towards bet365 sign up offer (National Identity Centered on Professor Zhou Ping of Yunnan University、Research on the Construction of the Chinese Nation) Transformation。In addition，International seminar series on “National Governance” led by Professor Wang Puhuan and Professor Yan Jirong of Peking University，It is even more important to prevent and control the epidemic、Non-traditional political research fields such as people’s livelihood security are included in the research scope of Chinese bet365 sign up offer，The social scientific principles of political sociology are brought into the empirical understanding of “national governance”，Gradually moving from empirical description and mid-level analysis to standardized theoretical construction and explanation，The paradigm significance of “national governance” is becoming increasingly prominent。

From the expansion of research fields and description of research objects，There is still a long transition zone between the social scientific knowledge production mode enjoyed by bet365 sign up offer。The bet365 sign up offer community in 2021 has made more attempts at this transition zone。As a research method，Social science focuses more on seeking causal explanations between variables from empirical findings，Rather than just relying on self-evident time clues to describe experience like historiography，It is not like conducting conceptual deduction or interpretation like normative research。Considering this，Traditional China has developed political and ideological research，But there is a lack of social scientific research led by causal analysis。Social scientific research orientation，Making contemporary traditional Chinese studies gradually different from the mainstream cultural research orientation in the past，This aspect reflects the disciplinary thinking integration ability of bet365 sign up offer，On the other hand, it also shows the autonomy of bet365 sign up offer as a modern discipline。The above observations are reflected in a series of comparative perspectives from ancient and modern China and abroad、In papers and books on causal explanations in social sciences and even quantitative historical research techniques，These research results promote the social scientificization of Chinese bet365 sign up offer from the perspective of middle-range theory。for example，Zhou Guanghui discussed the famine policy、Education、The practice of institutional change and “national resilience” in traditional China；Ye Chengcheng takes the late Han Dynasty and post-Roman times as examples，Analysis after the collapse of hierarchy，High-intensity actor competition will lead to convergent evolution towards sovereign states；Ying Xing starts from the traditional Chinese concept of "jingshi"，Constructed a new historical system of Chinese communist civilization，And emphasize the importance of theoretical consciousness in empirical research；Zuocai、"Farewell to Poverty: The Institutional Code of Targeted Poverty Alleviation" co-authored by Zeng Qingjie and Wang Zhongyuan incorporates the policy experience of targeted poverty alleviation into the bet365 sign up offer category of institutional analysis。

The crystallization of disciplinary autonomy is the institutional concept。Localization of Chinese political research、Autonomy，Experienced early experience learning、Latest appeal，Even now, institutional concepts are gradually emerging。The concept of establishment means elevating China’s experience to conceptual abstraction，At the same time, this concept can be connected with the basic theories of international politics。In recent years，Chinese bet365 sign up offer circles have developed many institutional concepts。The development in 2021 is that the academic nature and standardization of some concepts have been strengthened，Even formed a theoretical form。for example，The "Chinese Logic of Marxist Principles of Government" published by Professor Chen Mingming is an expansion of a series of papers in recent years，However, the volume of arguments in the work gives its conceptual interpretation a theoretical color。From the perspective of comparing China and the West，This work summarizes the government principles of Chinese bet365 sign up offer as the theory of representative government，The lower concept includes centralized government (as opposed to Western decentralized government)、Effective government (as opposed to limited government in the West)，And democratic centralism as the core of representative government。These concepts and views are widely used in bet365 sign up offer circles (for example, Wang Shaoguang uses the concept of representative democracy to examine the principles of contemporary Chinese political system；Yang Guangbin、Guo Dingping、He Donghang、Tang Yalin and others explain the logic of China’s national governance from a party-centered perspective) have sometimes stated，But form a hierarchical sequence and mutually supporting conceptual system，Make full use of intellectual history、Social and political history (historical sociology)、Political Economics、Chinese social and political analysis and other multidisciplinary literature are explained，Form a rigorous、Comprehensive and thorough theoretical system，But it is an important symbol of the conceptual construction and theoretical creation of Chinese bet365 sign up offer。

Out of disciplinary inertia，Chinese bet365 sign up offer research continues to advance on the following issues。First，After the publication of the first volume of "Political Mirror" edited by Yu Keping，Triggered a conversation among eleven scholars，Connect "Politics Tongjian" with basic research on Chinese politics，Expressing the construction of the Chinese bet365 sign up offer discipline system、Academic system、Vision of the discourse system。Second，The School of Politics and Administration of Tianjin Normal University hosted six "Open Classes on People's Democracy"，Continues the internal understanding of Chinese bet365 sign up offer over the past century，Multiple levels、Interpretation and reflection on democratic theory and practice at home and abroad in ancient and modern times from multiple perspectives，Especially the history and experience of Chinese democracy。Third，Technopolitics (similar to titles such as "information politics") has developed，Or discuss the impact and consequences of technology on politics and human life from the perspective of political philosophy，Or discuss the application of big data and artificial intelligence in the social and political field from the perspective of social science or even policy science。Fourth，In the field of comparative politics research，Wang Zhengxu、Geng Shu and Tang Shiping led a group of young returnee political scholars to compile "Comparative Politics" which reflects the latest research results at home and abroad，Tang Shiping will use his many years of teaching experience in the "Social Science Research Design" course，Condensed into a book "Consequences of Ideas and Actions: A New Theory of Social Science Methods"，Continue to promote the scientific and professional research level of Chinese bet365 sign up offer。Fifth，Full-process people’s democracy issues are further academicized。This proposition has been put forward by General Secretary Xi Jinping during his inspection in Shanghai in 2019，Responded by the bet365 sign up offer community。2021，Published a large number of papers，Published some monographs，Many seminars held，Let’s discuss the universality and unique contribution of democratic politics contained in “whole-process people’s democracy”。

The end of 2020，China Social Sciences Magazine issued a vision，"Theory is the blooming flower of the tree of questions"。relative to theoretical desire，What’s more important is problem awareness。“Problems are the root of the tree of theory”！Only when the problem awareness of "What is China" is established，Formed the independent cognition of Chinese bet365 sign up offer discipline，Only in Chinese bet365 sign up offer can the "flowers of theory" bloom，And bear heavy fruits。

　(Author’s unit: Department of bet365 sign up offer, East China Normal University)