Germany in the 1980s，Urban immigrants have brought many social problems to the countryside，The most important problem is that the countryside began to gradually lose its unique style，Great changes in rural life。To help rural residents adapt to this change，The German government has implemented the "rural revitalization" strategy，The future of rural residents determines the future of the country，Self -implementation，and through a series of legal systems to clarify the specific content of rural planning。The German government adopts the rural development policy tool through "rural revitalization"，The sustainable development of the German countryside has been successfully realized。

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Reasonable planning for the countryside is an important basic work for rural reform，It is also one of the conditions for the successful implementation of the German rural revitalization strategy。Rural Rejuvenation Strategy in Germany attaches importance to pre -planning，Perform the concept of equivalent of urban and rural areas，Highlight effective supply to rural public products and public services。Except the upper -level legal basis，Volkswagen participation at the bottom also provides a mass foundation for the implementation of German rural rejuvenation。

Germany through a reasonable rural space plan，Ensure that rural residents get a healthy working environment and living environment，Fully balance the rural economy、The development of society and culture。To achieve this goal，The "German Space Planning Law" requires that rural planning must adhere to the principle of "urban and rural equivalent" (evently equality)，Make sure that residents work and live in rural areas and live in cities，You can enjoy an equalized public service。At the same time，The law also emphasizes the principle Bet365 lotto review of the protection of basic farmland and ecological resources，Do not destroy agricultural production and waste ecological resources because of planning。"Pre -Planning of Agricultural Structure" further clarify that rural revitalization must consider the planning in the countryside，It is also necessary to consider the between the village and the village，Even the planning of various resources between the town，Form regional economic coordination and cooperation。The planned content involved includes: (1) regional economic structure planning; (2) public investment structure planning; (3) regional landscape structure planning; (4) regional land use and construction plan。

Questions on the use of land in rural planning，Germany's through the Land Collection Law to clarify。First，In terms of agricultural development，Requirement of rural planning to use the land and reuse，Make sure rural roads、Requirements for land for irrigation facilities，Protecting agricultural water and soil resources，to achieve the purpose of improving agricultural production conditions and working environment。Next，In terms of rural development，It is required that rural planning can reasonably use rural land to meet the needs of rural housing and basic public facilities，to achieve the purpose of improving the living and working environment of rural communities。Last，In terms of ecology and landscape protection，Require rural planning to protect natural resources and rural natural landscape，and create a new rural landscape according to actual needs。The actual purpose of this series of work is to improve the happiness index of rural residents，Attract the foreign population，Provide travel and leisure services，Provide motivation for agricultural production and future village development。Therefore, the rural rejuvenation in Germany is quite "building a nest and attracting phoenix，Flower Kai Butterfly "meaning。1976，Germany revised the law again，Write rural revitalization into the legal provision，bet365 best casino games With the implementation of the strategy of revitalizing the country in Germany，Ensure that all kinds of land invested in rural construction under reasonable plan。

Public participation in the formulation of rural planning is a feature of the strategy of revitalizing the German rural village。According to international experience，Anyone who implements the strategy of rural revitalization and development，As the United States、France、Japan and South Korea，Corresponding laws will be introduced，The direction of reform and development and basic content in the form of law。Germany is no exception，But Germany has a distinctive feature different from other countries that it has promulgated a rural plan for public participation under the legal framework，and in a legal form, "Rural residents formed a rural community，They are the main body of the rural revitalization strategy "。This means that rural residents participating in rural planning are an obligation，It is also a right，The core of the participating subject。In addition to rural residents，Because the German rural revitalization strategy not only implements the concept of urban and rural equivalent，Emphasize the localization of the countryside，Highlight the uniqueness of its own culture，Then urban residents, experts and scholars must participate in it，It constitutes participants in the formulation of rural planning。

The purpose of this public to participate in rural planning is to fully enable rural planning to achieve future village development vision，Effectively meet the needs of the production and life of rural residents，Improve the longing for urban residents to the countryside，Through the internal incentives of rural residents and the external attraction of rural foreign residents，Make the rural development gain constant motivation。On the one hand，Through extensive public participation, you can fully describe the original appearance and cultural characteristics of the countryside，Make him return to the original rural and uniqueness through the rural revitalization。On the other hand，Through extensive public participation, you can fully describe bet365 live casino games the rural lifestyle，Makes them have living conditions that are not lower than the average urban level through rural revitalization。This method also makes the German rural rejuvenation strategy present the characteristics of localized self -renewal，The prominent manifestations are different goals and contents of rural planning between rural villages，and according to your own characteristics，Self -plan，Self -update。

　Sustainable development of rural areas achieved obvious results

Village Sustainable Development Model was first proposed by Polish economist Adamowicz and Smarzewska in 2009。This model can achieve agriculture for the government how to intervene through policy intervention、Rural sustainable development has a good explanation，and laid the foundation for the theory of sustainable development of the countryside。This model believes that the reason why the countryside can achieve sustainable development through reform，Dynamics mainly stems from the construction of five dimensions and its common effect，Absence of one indispensable。They are space order、Legal order、Legal order、Natural order and economic order，Among them, the first four order will interact with economic order，Then realize the sustainable use of various types of capital，Promote the sustainable development of the countryside。

The construction of space and natural order emphasizes that the sustainable development of the countryside should pay attention to the reasonable distribution of space in the village and villages，At the same time，It also emphasizes its and economy、The proportion structure of social resources，Make it cooperative development。In the "Rural Revitalization" strategy，The German government attaches great importance to the construction of space and natural order，Rural Rejuvenation Plan must be based on the laws such as the German Space Planning Law and the pre -planning of agricultural structure，Through reasonable space plan，Gradually realize the agricultural area、Industrial Zone、A completely separated from the living area and ecological area，Bet365 lotto review Balance rural economy、Social and Ecological Development，It also clarifies the principle of adhering to the protection of basic agriculture and ecological resources，Reduce the waste of ecological resources。

The construction of social order emphasizes the provision of basic public services and basic public facilities，Strengthen the village in education、Employment、Welfare and other aspects of harmonious development，Finally improve the quality of rural life。In the strategy of revitalizing the German rural revitalization strategy, the principle of rural planning must adhere to the development of "urban and rural areas"，Ensure that rural residents can enjoy the average level that is not lower than the basic public service standards of the city。At the same time，The Rural Revitalization Strategy in Germany takes the improvement of the rural life and working environment as the main goal of the rural revitalization strategy，Make the rural living environment and working environment significantly improve。Construction of this social order，It also makes the rural revitalization strategy during the implementation process，Improvement through life and working environment，Attract and retain more rural talents，Improve the competition of agricultural enterprises，Finally feedback in economic order，Generate synergy effect。

The construction of legal order emphasizes the sustainable development of the countryside is a long -term development based on legal guarantee，This can make the development of the order of each part based on a stable expectation，Do not fluctuate because of political fluctuations。The revitalization of the German countryside is the result of the public participation in rural planning under the legal framework，and in the implementation process of rural planning，Based on the laws such as the "Space Planning Law", "Pre -Planning of Agricultural Structure", and "Land Fination Law", etc.。The legal guarantee of these laws and regulations for the development of German rural areas has continued until today，As of now，Germany still bet365 best casino games encourages the continuous merger of rural land in accordance with the Land Organization Law，As of 2016，The number of German farms is still declining，Average reduction of about 3200 per year。Steady advancement of this kind of land merger，It also changed the agricultural business model in Germany，Gradually realized agricultural modernization，A positive feedback from the economy。

The construction of economic order emphasizes that the sustainable development of the countryside is dominated by agricultural development，Results of coordinated development with other multidimensional multi -dimensional。The dominance of the development of agricultural development is reflected in two aspects: one，The proportion of agriculture in the economic sector has gradually increased;，Active Entrepreneurs。The construction of this economic order emphasizes that the sustainable development of the countryside is based on the development of the agricultural industry，This fundamental fundamental，In continuous agricultural entrepreneurs，Keep the advantages of quantity and quality。​​The establishment of the rural rejuvenation in Germany to achieve the construction of rural economic order is mainly through two aspects。The first is the fundamental change of agricultural operation method，Rural economy from a small scale to a large rural economy，A objective constraints of lowering the fineness of land and low output efficiency，A significant development of agriculture，Become a typical type of the three major agricultural types in the world; followed by the branding of local products，Continuously promoting agricultural entrepreneurs。This is mainly due to location advantages，Make you can create a local brand through entrepreneurship，Use the characteristics of easy access to local channels and the instant time consumption of agricultural products，Improve entrepreneurial success rate。

To sum up，Germany has achieved sustainable development of rural villages through rural revitalization through rural revitalization.，Considering the coordinated bet365 best casino games development of each dimension，Make it an organic body。Therefore，Starting from this point，The implementation of rural revitalization is essentially building this organic body，Realize the sustainable development of the countryside。This also shows，"Sustainable Development" is the purpose and result of "revitalization"，is a long -term consideration。

　(Author Unit: Institute of Agricultural and Rural Development of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)