Proposal and implementation of the “One Belt, One Road” initiative,It is the era of in-depth development of bet365 best casino games economic integration,China’s participation in and improvement of the global economic governance system is a major strategic contribution with significance in the history of human development。As a new international cooperation model,“One Belt, One Road” influences the formation and development of two domestic and foreign markets in today’s era,Is of great significance in both theoretical and practical dimensions。
The background of the bet365 best casino games and Road Initiative: China’s role in two markets at home and abroad
The so-called two markets at home and abroad,First, take the world as the object of investigation-"bet365 best casino games",That is, "the world as a whole market",What is commonly called world economic integration: the opening of new sea routes and geographical discoveries that originated in the late 15th and early 16th centuries;Formed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries,With the completion of the second industrial revolution marked by electrification,The capitalist world system is finally established;And become increasingly closer with the development of economic globalization,Product、Technology、Message、Service、Currency、Personnel、Funds、The flow of production factors such as management experience across borders and regions is becoming increasingly frequent,The world economy is becoming increasingly interconnected、The indivisible whole,Countries、Regions、Highly interdependent among economies、Interdependence。The second is to take China as the object of investigation-"bet365 best casino games",That is, "China as a market of global significance"。The formation process includes two stages: after the reform and opening up,China has achieved world-renowned economic and social development achievements,And gradually integrate into world trade in the process、Financial and investment system,China has become a decisive economy in the world;In recent years,With the establishment of its status as the world’s second largest economy,China has developed into the “economic growth pole” that contributes the most to world economic growth,Improving voice in global economic governance,Having a leading position in the direction of the world economy。Two domestic and foreign markets draw on each other、Mutual dependence,Jointly promote the formation of "positive interaction" between China's economy and the world economy、Create a “positive cycle”。
Building a new open economic system is a major reform that has been promoted since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,The overall goal is to achieve mutual benefit and win-win results in China、A diverse, balanced, safe and efficient open economic system。In the context of our country’s economy entering a stage of high-quality development,The smooth advancement of the “One Belt, One Road” initiative、Steady implementation,To help the world economy recover from difficulties、Provides Chinese solutions to help China build its dual identity as a "world factory" and a "bet365 best casino games",Contributed Chinese wisdom,Also injected Chinese momentum。
Theoretical contribution of One Belt and One Road: innovative development of Marx’s bet365 best casino games theory
"One Belt, One Road" is the theoretical sublation of the traditional "two parallel world markets"。The traditional theory of “two parallel world markets”,There is a capitalist bet365 best casino games and a socialist bet365 best casino games in the world。Marx proposed it from the perspective of dialectical materialism,“The bourgeoisie has played a very revolutionary role in history”。Including the initial formation of the bet365 best casino games caused by the worldwide expansion of capital。Marx proposed in the "Communist Manifesto": "The Bourgeoisie,Due to opening up the bet365 best casino games,Make all countries’ production and consumption global。”The Belt and Road Initiative advocates consultation、Co-construction、Sharing Principle,Adhering to and developing Marx’s positioning of attribute theory in the bet365 best casino games。President Xi Jinping pointed out in his keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the second “Belt and Road” International Cooperation Summit Forum: “We must uphold the principle of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits,Advocating multilateralism,Let’s discuss everyone’s affairs,Promote all parties to make use of their strengths、Each according to his ability”;“We must promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation,Take a clear-cut stand against protectionism,Promote economic globalization toward greater openness、Tolerance、Puhui、Balance、Development in a win-win direction”。Chinese leaders’ solemn statement to the world fully reflects the principle of openness and cooperative thinking upheld by the “One Belt, One Road” initiative。
“One Belt, One Road” improves the bet365 best casino games crisis response plan。After more than a hundred years of development,Today’s bet365 best casino games is still dominated by capitalist countries,The world economic discourse is controlled by major capitalist countries。By imposing various restrictions on technology flow and capital flow,Thus realizing the maximum accumulation and proliferation of one's own capital and expansion of interests,It is the inherent essential attribute of capitalism。This kind of disorder、The competitive world economic system has led to economic crises, including financial crises, and yet there is no cure for their complete eradication,On the contrary, capitalist countries shift crises to other countries, leading to unfairness in the world economy,The phenomenon of “polarization” of development among countries is becoming increasingly serious。The beggar-thy-neighbor approach of capitalist countries in response to the bet365 best casino games crisis cannot fundamentally solve the rationality problem of world trade。Marx pointed out in "Theory of Surplus Value": "The bet365 best casino games crisis must be regarded as the realistic synthesis of all contradictions in the bourgeois economy and the balance of violent methods";“The crisis of the bet365 best casino games can be overcome by bringing it under the ‘common supervision’ of all peoples”。With BRICS countries、SCO and others are the starting point,The “Belt and Road Initiative” follows and develops Marx’s theoretical logic of “joint supervision”。In the limited bet365 best casino games of “One Belt, One Road”,Each participating entity must not only "jointly supervise",And "joint governance",And transform governance experience into improving one’s own awareness of participating in the bet365 best casino games and the right to speak in bet365 best casino games governance。
The practical value of the Belt and Road Initiative: an effective strategy to deal with bet365 best casino games failures
The so-called bet365 best casino games failure,Refers to the situation where the market cannot effectively allocate goods and services around the world,That is, there is a functional disorder in the bet365 best casino games。Classical Marxist political economics view,The bet365 best casino games failure mechanism is the result of the joint action of three factors。First, the bet365 best casino games mechanism fails: around the world,Laissez-faire market economy inevitably leads to transnational monopoly,This kind of transnational monopoly will inevitably destroy the function of the bet365 best casino games mechanism,Reduce the operating efficiency of the bet365 best casino games。The second is the failure of the supply and demand relationship of public goods: based on the cost-benefit principle,Private individuals (capitalists) pursue capital appreciation and maximize corporate interests,Tend to reduce investment as much as possible or even be unwilling to invest in public goods and public services,Thus leading to an imbalance between product supply and demand in the public domain。The third is the failure of ecological needs and environmental protection: capitalists pursue profits without restraint,Crazy plundering of resources、Destroying the environment,Resulting in the ecological balance between resources and environment being broken。“One Belt, One Road” to share、Mutual benefit、Open、Inclusiveness is the development concept,Advocate mutual benefit and win-win results、Combining justice and benefit、Shared rights and responsibilities,Let the achievements and development dividends of China’s reform and opening up benefit all countries and people in the world,Overcoming obstacles that restrict the healthy development of the bet365 best casino games through common development,Improve bet365 best casino games functions。
“One Belt, One Road” is conducive to alleviating the monopoly problem in the bet365 best casino games。There is a common contradiction between the demand for infrastructure construction and economic and social development funds in developing countries,And today’s major international financial institutions (International Monetary Fund、The World Bank) was established based on the international monetary system centered on the US dollar,Controlled by a few developed countries led by the United States。Initiated by China、Silk Road Fund mainly for developing countries、BRICS New Development Bank、South-South Cooperation Assistance Fund、Multilateral aid agencies and aid projects such as the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank,By improving the financial support and guarantee system for jointly building the “One Belt, One Road” initiative,Enhancing the financial "hematopoietic function" of relevant countries,Support its infrastructure construction,Help make up for the structural flaws of the existing international financial system,Promote countries along the “Belt and Road” to use RMB more as a settlement currency,With its high efficiency、Safety、Cost saving and other advantages,It will help participating countries get rid of the interference and restrictions of international financial hegemony,Reduce the negative interference caused by violent exchange rate fluctuations to the domestic economy。
“One Belt, One Road” is conducive to narrowing the gap between rich and poor among bet365 best casino games units (actors)。The “Belt and Road Initiative” is the fundamental driving force that is conducive to narrowing the gap between the global rich and poor,It lies in adhering to the principle of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits and promoting common development、The concept of achieving mutual benefit and win-win results,Promote the development of developing countries through open cooperation、Promote the improvement of the development capabilities of developing countries and the common progress of all member states。By strengthening infrastructure construction,Developing countries thus obtain guaranteed conditions for economic development,Enhance its ability to participate in world economic integration and obtain dividends from world economic growth。Provide undifferentiated services to developing countries through new international multilateral financial institutions and other financing platforms、Unconditional preferential loan,Improving the discourse system of international financial order,Expand financing channels for developing countries,Enhance its financing capabilities,Promote the independent development of the national economy and "South-South cooperation"。By transferring or transferring the advanced production technology and high-quality production capacity accumulated since China’s reform and opening up to other countries along the “Belt and Road”,Carry out international production capacity cooperation,Improve the production capacity and technological level of developing countries,Realizing both “fish” and “fishing”。By expanding bilateral (or multilateral) trade、Promote the improvement and upgrading of bilateral (or multilateral) trade、Enrich bilateral (or multilateral) industrial investment cooperation,Create more jobs for countries along the route、Accelerate the quality and upgrading of industries, especially traditional industries、Increase national income and welfare levels,Enhance its economic "hematopoietic function",Thus achieving its economic integrity、Sustained growth。Through the above four cooperation methods,Developing countries can narrow the economic and social development gap between developed countries。
Current,The “One Belt, One Road” initiative is increasingly gaining popularity,Achieved fruitful results。The “Five Links” under the “Belt and Road” framework are deepened and solidized、Steady and far-reaching success,Become a promoter of common development for all countries、A model of achieving mutual benefit and win-win results。“One Belt, One Road” has become “a popular international public product and international cooperation platform in today’s bet365 best casino games”,Its theoretical contribution and practical value will surely be recorded in the glorious history of the development of human society and civilization。
(Author’s unit: Academic Research Department, Qian Xuesen Library, Shanghai Jiao Tong University)
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