Since the end of 2019，bet365 bonus code louisiana society has been ravaged by the COVID-19 epidemic。The new coronavirus is like a pair of claws tearing a crack into the entire social life，Give people a glimpse into their own vulnerability and interdependence。In this epidemic，How bet365 bonus code louisiana society makes ethical choices also affects the world’s political landscape and global health and security。March 2020，In a condolence message to French President Macron，General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed for the first time the major initiative of “building a bet365 bonus code louisiana health community”。May of the same year，General Secretary Xi Jinping delivered a speech titled "Unite and cooperate to defeat the epidemic and jointly build a bet365 bonus code louisiana health and health community" at the opening ceremony of the 73rd World Health Assembly video conference。In this time of public health crisis，Building a bet365 bonus code louisiana health community is not only a voice of reason，It is the call of humanity。The bet365 bonus code louisiana health community is not a political entity in the traditional sense，It is a cooperation based on the ethical consensus of global solidarity against the epidemic，Aims to emphasize that global health is an organic whole。For each other’s health，The international community needs to unite and help each other、Treat each other as equals、Mutual tolerance、Consensus of working together and benefiting together，And take practical actions for this。The COVID-19 epidemic provides a unique historical opportunity for the formation of this cooperation。bet365 bonus code louisiana ethical thoughts throughout the ages have laid a solid theoretical foundation for building a bet365 bonus code louisiana health community，There are generally four levels of ethical theoretical resources。

　　Marx and Engels’s community theory and people’s bet365 bonus code louisiana thought

Marx and Engels believed that community is the basic way of bet365 bonus code louisiana existence。People always live in a certain community，And this community must first be established on the basis of living individuals。Marx and Engels pointed out in "The German Ideology"，“The first premise of all bet365 bonus code louisiana history is undoubtedly the existence of living individuals。Therefore，The first fact that needs to be confirmed is the physical organization of these individuals and the resulting relationship of individuals to the rest of nature”。"The first prerequisite for all bet365 bonus code louisiana existence，That is, the first premise of all history，This premise is: people want to be able to ‘make history’，Must be able to live”。"The production of life，Whether it is producing one’s own life through labor，Or produce the lives of others through procreation，It immediately appears as a dual relationship: on the one hand, it is a natural relationship，On the other hand is social relations；The meaning of social relations here refers to the common activities of many individuals，No matter what the conditions are for this joint activity、In what manner and for what purpose。”Here，Marx and Engels emphasized the importance of bet365 bonus code louisiana individual life existence。This life exists in two production relations - production and reproduction，These two production relations are also placed in the context of natural and social relations，And it must be carried out through labor activities，Labor is a common activity of many individuals，People carry out labor activities precisely for the sake of living individual existence，Form a community，This community can also be regarded as a "community of life"。Secondly，Marx and Engels distinguished between “real community” and “false community”，Point out that the form of existence of bet365 bonus code louisiana society in the future is the "real community" formed after everyone obtains comprehensive freedom and liberation，The "Union of Free Men"。The characteristic of "false community" is that it claims to represent the general interest，In fact, it only serves the interests of some people。The Communist Manifesto states，“In bourgeois society，Capital has independence and personality，The active individual has no independence and personality”，And "replacing the old bourgeois society with classes and class antagonisms，It will be such a union，There，Everyone’s free development is the condition for the free development of all people”。The goal pursued by the bet365 bonus code louisiana health community is not to represent only certain countries、Certain classes、“False community” of certain group interests，But a "real community" formed for global health。Here，Everyone can enjoy the right to health equally。Again，Marx and Engels also put the lives and health of the people first，Emphasizes that the working class must unite to form a community to pursue its own right to life and liberation。Based on personal investigation of the conditions of the British working class under capitalist conditions in the 19th century，Engels criticized capitalist society in "The Condition of the Working Class in England" for "putting workers in a position where they can neither maintain health"，Can’t live long；It just keeps destroying the workers’ bodies bit by bit，Send them to their graves too soon”。Engels called on the British working class to realize that they are not alone、Member of an isolated nation，But a member of the great bet365 bonus code louisiana family，And one’s own interests are consistent with the interests of all mankind；As a member of this "united and indivisible" bet365 bonus code louisiana family，We must unite to fight against the bourgeoisie，Strive to be “a person who truly conforms to the meaning of the word bet365 bonus code louisiana”。Therefore，The concept of building a bet365 bonus code louisiana health community is the inheritance and development of Marx and Engels’ community theory and people’s health thought in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics。

　The Chinese nation’s ethical tradition of benevolence and the moral concept that bet365 bonus code louisiana life is at stake

The ethical tradition of benevolence and the moral concept of bet365 bonus code louisiana life and nature formed by the five thousand years of history of the Chinese nation are the traditional ethical cultural genes and resources for building a bet365 bonus code louisiana health community。The concept of a bet365 bonus code louisiana health community is also promoting this traditional and moral concept itself to the times and the world，Become a model of the spirit of the times and Eastern ethical values。With Western ethical tradition and contemporary ethical values，such as individualism、Utilitarianism、Liberalism、Pragmatism，And comparing rationalist and atomistic values，Chinese and Eastern ethical values ​​place more emphasis on groups、Society、The value of relationships and nature，“Cultivation、Qijia、Governing the country、Peaceful world” is not only everyone’s ideal and moral pursuit，It is also the inner belief and behavioral guideline for the Chinese government and the Chinese people to "help each other", "work together in the same boat" and "harmony between man and nature" in the global COVID-19 epidemic。If you don’t understand the Chinese nation’s ethical tradition of benevolence and the moral concept that bet365 bonus code louisiana life is at stake，It is impossible to understand the moral motivation of the Chinese people to build a bet365 bonus code louisiana health community，And the world in mind，The original intention and practice of hoping that every member of the "unified and indivisible" bet365 bonus code louisiana family can receive health protection。In the Chinese ethical and cultural tradition，Confucian ethics is rich in the profound supremacy of life、The spiritual belief and value pursuit of loving life，And the profound theoretical implication of “community of life”。Confucianism emphasizes putting life first、Taking welfare as a virtue，Emphasis on the benevolent and the unity of all things。For example，Original Confucian documents "The Analects", "Mencius", "Xunzi" as well as "The Book of Songs", "Shangshu", "Book of Rites", "Book of Changes", etc.，Without exception, they all emphasize that "the benevolent love others"，Considering the Way of Heaven as the ontological basis of benevolence ethics，The purpose of heaven is to respect and care for the lives of people and all things。In this sense，Confucian benevolent government is virtuous government based on people’s livelihood，The so-called "the virtue of living well is to win over the people"，In order for bet365 bonus code louisiana beings and nature to continue "endlessly"，bet365 bonus code louisiana society must also establish an ethical order，Pursue the community ideal of "all things growing together without harming each other", "harmony among all nations" and the happiness of all people。Therefore，In Confucian ethical thought，Life is the foundation，The Way of Heaven and the Way of Humanity、Both benevolent and virtuous governance reflect concern for people’s livelihood。In all things in heaven and earth，Only "harmony" can maintain and extend life，This means that life itself is a community，Community is the basic form and prerequisite for the existence of life，This is exactly what Xunzi said, "Everything has its own harmony to live in"，As well as what Dong Zhongshu said: "Morality is greater than harmony", "Life must be in harmony" and "The way of heaven and earth is more beautiful than harmony"。Building a bet365 bonus code louisiana health community also pursues the goal of "harmony" to achieve "symbiosis"。

　Bioethics’ discussion of global bet365 bonus code louisiana and common morality

In the era of globalization，Any local health and disease problem may spread and evolve into a global problem。Bioethics was born in the 1960s，There are four main classic principles - the principle of justice、Respect the principle of autonomy、Principle of Doing No Harm and Principle of Mercy。In the era of globalization，bet365 bonus code louisiana society is increasingly aware that in the face of various global public health crises，No one can be alone。Corresponding to it，Bioethics also gradually developed a new dimension in the second half of the 20th century—global bioethics focusing on global issues and international cooperation，The significance of its existence is to pursue the goal of global health。The outbreak of the new coronavirus pneumonia epidemic has also made people deeply aware of it，The need for critical responses to global health issues based on global bioethics and common morality。Some scholars who support global bioethics and common morality have begun to discuss the theoretical basis of this position in depth，There are generally five views: first，Global bioethics and common morality are the products of the interaction between the common values ​​of all mankind and cultural diversity，It is the result of the continuous exchange and interaction between global discourse and local practice。Second，bet365 bonus code louisiana dignity is the first principle of global bioethics and common morality。For example，At the "15th World Bioethics Congress" held in July 2020，Some scholars discussed "What is bet365 bonus code louisiana dignity" in light of the COVID-19 epidemic？How to construct the theory of dignity of life？How to protect the dignity of every life？" and other questions。American scholar James Beauregard pointed out，Due to the influence of scientific reductionism，The concept of bet365 bonus code louisiana dignity seems to have reached a low point，But the new coronavirus epidemic has once again awakened mankind to believe that "dignity" is still an important concept that can unite mankind，It is a building that can connect individuals and society、The bridge between countries。Third，Global bioethics and common morality belong to bet365 bonus code louisiana rights discourse，Appealing to bet365 bonus code louisiana rights provides an effective practical way for the former。Fourth，Global ethical responsibility is the basis of global bioethics and common morality。The responsibility here includes respecting bet365 bonus code louisiana vulnerability、Global Solidarity、Global cooperation、Global Justice、Social Responsibility、Protect future generations、Protect the environment、Ethical principles such as biosphere and biodiversity。Fifth，The bottom line of global bioethics and common morality is to oppose oppression。Some feminist philosophers call on bioethics to recognize the invisibility and injustice of oppression，Ask whether specific practices and policies reinforce existing patterns of oppression。It can be seen from this，Bioethics，In particular, the discussion of global bioethics on global health and common morality is also an important ethical theoretical resource for building a bet365 bonus code louisiana health community。

　The public bet365 bonus code louisiana ethics spirit of mankind’s fight against the plague

"In the long history of development of bet365 bonus code louisiana society，Infectious diseases are always a major threat。A history of bet365 bonus code louisiana civilization can be said to be the history of mankind’s struggle against plague。”In the process of bet365 bonus code louisiana civilization，There are always three enemies: plague、Famine and war。Plague has always threatened the survival of bet365 bonus code louisiana civilization，The discipline of public health plays a vital role in saving bet365 bonus code louisiana lives。In the history of public health development，The selflessness shown by bet365 bonus code louisiana beings in the fight against the plague、Brave、Care、Unity、Dedication and other public health ethics，It is also an important ethical theoretical resource for building a bet365 bonus code louisiana health community。

First，The history of mankind’s struggle against plague contains the idea of ​​a health community。Therefore，Explain and understand the ethical values ​​and moral choices in dealing with plagues in different eras and different cultural situations，Compare the similarities and differences between them，And how different moral choices can coexist harmoniously，You can write a book about bet365 bonus code louisiana survival and development，The history of fighting the plague in the form of a health community。At the same time，People can also understand the impact of the choice of "survival or destruction" on the development of bet365 bonus code louisiana social civilization from the positive and negative lessons provided by this history，and different countries、The impact of different groups and individual health rights，And then by looking back at history、Based on the present、Discuss the significance and approaches of building a bet365 bonus code louisiana health community in a future-oriented way。Secondly，Plague not only affects the process of bet365 bonus code louisiana civilization in complex and subtle ways，The ethical values ​​formed in the fight against the plague also affect bet365 bonus code louisiana understanding of the plague，And efforts to defeat various plagues。When the new coronavirus epidemic is raging，Modern people need to pass public health history，Learning experience，Reflect on lessons，Understand how public health ethics are formed and developed in times of crisis。Because at the critical moment，The steering wheel that controls bet365 bonus code louisiana destiny and life and death decisions，It is these ethical spirits。Again，The history of mankind’s fight against plague is also the history of building the concept and ethical system of a bet365 bonus code louisiana health community。For example，The unity formed by bet365 bonus code louisiana society in the history of fighting against plague、Justice、The concepts of trust and cooperation are not only ethical pillars of global health，Also continue to fairly allocate medical resources、Reducing the burden of disease on the poor、Play an important role in improving backward sanitary conditions and preventing the spread of epidemics。American philosopher Dan Beacham believes，“Public health belongs to the realm of ethics because it is not only concerned with the explanation of the occurrence of diseases in society，Also related to the improvement of this situation。Beyond tool purposes，Public health also involves holistic goals，Expresses the commitment of all people to unite in the face of death and disease”。

In short，Building a bet365 bonus code louisiana health community，Achieving global unity to fight the epidemic，Need to transcend ideological disputes，Building an ethical consensus for the bet365 bonus code louisiana health community。

　　(This article is part of the National Social Science Foundation’s major project “Research on Ethical Pathways to Build a bet365 bonus code louisiana Health Community” (21&ZD057) phased results)

(Author’s affiliation: School of Marxism, Tsinghua University)