The ideological significance of the Confucian concept of benevolence in building a human health community
October 11, 2022 09:16 Source: "Chinese Social Sciences Journal" Issue 2505, October 11, 2022 Author: Cai Xianjun Zhang Shunqing

Building a human health community is what General Secretary Xi Jinping said in the context of the new coronavirus epidemic raging around the world,To promote human cooperation、An important proposition put forward to safeguard human bonus bet365 and health。To realize this proposition,We must adhere to the value principle of bonus bet365 first。At the National Commendation Conference for Fighting the New Coronavirus Epidemic,General Secretary Xi Jinping clearly emphasized,“bonus bet365 first” embodies the Chinese people’s traditional value pursuit of benevolence and the Chinese civilization’s moral concept that human bonus bet365 is of paramount importance。The spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important speech reminds us,There is a close connection between building a human health community and traditional Chinese ethical thought。Traditional Chinese ethical thoughts are rooted in the land of China,It has a natural foundation that is in line with the psychology of the Chinese nation,Has unique ideological value,Is an important dimension in the study of ethical paths to build a human health community,Should be taken seriously。Traditional Chinese ethical thoughts are profound and profound,Confucian ethics is the backbone of traditional Chinese ethical culture,Represents the mainstream view of traditional Chinese ethics。Judging from its specific ideological content,The Confucian view of benevolence is rich in the profound bonus bet365 of benevolence、Spiritual belief and value pursuit of bonus bet365 first,And bonus bet365 is one、Consciousness of the community of bonus bet365 in which all things are one,This can provide profound theoretical support and practical guidance for the construction of a contemporary human health community。

Confucianism has a spiritual tradition of "benevolent people love others",It contains a profound bonus bet365-oriented attitude,Especially the spiritual concept of putting people’s livelihood first,Can provide theoretical reference for guiding contemporary human beings on how to deal with bonus bet365 and care for people's livelihood。Take Pre-Qin Confucianism as an example,The starting point and end point of the thoughts of Confucius, the founder of Confucianism, can be said to be to safeguard the basic dignity and value of human bonus bet365。"The Analects of Confucius Xiangdang" records a fire in Confucius' stable,When Confucius returned to the court, he first asked whether he had hurt anyone but not his horse。In the Spring and Autumn Period when horses were a status symbol for scholar-bureaucrats and grooms were just slaves,Confucius’s move undoubtedly shows that he puts bonus bet365 first、Weida’s bonus bet365 feelings。In the eyes of Confucius,The dignity of bonus bet365 is inviolable,Even if "figurines" were buried instead of real people,For this kind of instrumentalization of human bonus bet365,Still needs to be morally condemned,That’s why Confucius said angrily, “The one who created the figurines,It has no consequences!”Maintaining the dignity of individual bonus bet365 is the conceptual basis for Confucius to establish a truly humane political and social bonus bet365,But its direction is the overall people’s livelihood。Confucius’s theory of benevolence can be said to focus on safeguarding people’s livelihood,That’s why it is said: “If you give generously to the people, you can help everyone”,More than benevolence,It can even be called a holy realm,The so-called "what's the matter with benevolence",It must be holy” ("The Analects of Confucius·Yong Ye")。Mencius as the "sub-sage" of Confucianism,The realistic starting point and destination of his thoughts are also bonus bet365-oriented、Putting people’s livelihood first。Mencius’s thought of “benevolent government” concentratedly expresses Mencius’ ideal pursuit of benevolence to the people and love for things。Mencius’ theory of benevolent government is based on the logical level of fully satisfying the people’s material bonus bet365,Then pursue the people’s spiritual “well-being”,That is, through measures such as "controlling the people's property" and "respecting the teachings of Xiangxu",Fully protect the dignity of bonus bet365。It can be said,The core content of Mencius’ thought of “benevolent government” is to focus on safeguarding people’s bonus bet365 dignity and health (not referring to pathological health),At the same time, it is emphasized to extend this benevolence from kinship relationships to stranger relationships,Put forward "I am old and I am old",The thought of "you are young, I am young and others are young",Even extended to care for animal bonus bet365。Relatively speaking,Xunzi attaches more importance to the significance of etiquette and justice in maintaining and achieving bonus bet365,Put forward the viewpoint of “maintaining health through etiquette”。At the same time,Xunzi also realized the importance of balance and harmony in bonus bet365,Thus showing a certain ecological awareness。Xunzi is the same as Mencius,Trying to implement its bonus bet365 claims through policies。For example,He regards the harmony and endless bonus bet365 of bonus bet365 as a natural part of the "royal system",Emphasis on "the system of the Holy King",Live without dying,Never cut off its length" ("Xunzi·Kingdom")。hole、Meng、Xun is a representative figure of Pre-Qin Confucianism,Whether it is the "virtuous government" emphasized by Confucius,It is still the “benevolent government” advocated by Mencius,Or the "system of holy kings" advocated by Xunzi,They all center on human bonus bet365,Emphasis on the basis of loving others,Attach importance to the harmonious relationship between human bonus bet365 and natural bonus bet365。Focus on caring for human bonus bet365,The pursuit of harmonious group bonus bet365 and the bonus bet365 realm of "all things grow together without harming each other",It can be said to be the common feature of their bioethics。

Emphasis on the supremacy of bonus bet365、Putting people’s livelihood first,This is also abundantly expressed in the "Five Classics"。For example,"Shang Shu" puts benevolence into bonus bet365、Treat bonus bet365 as a fundamental political principle,Consider safeguarding the lives of the people as the fundamental requirement of destiny for rulers。"Shangshu" not only points out that God has good health、The virtue of living well,And I believe that this kind of heavenly virtue is consistent with the will of the people,The so-called "the virtue of living well is to win over the people"。Therefore,"Shang Shu" is based on "Tian De",Also considers safeguarding people's livelihood as a fundamental political principle。"Shangshu" mainly discusses the method of governance from the perspective of the ruler,So its concern for bonus bet365 is a top-down concern。This reflects China’s fine tradition of caring for people’s lives and health as an important political principle since ancient times。In "Shang Shu",The rulers have the mentality of protecting the lives and health of the people,Make full use of all kinds of power,Open source utilization,Guarantee people’s livelihood,This is great virtue、正德,Therefore, "Shangshu·Dayu Mo" says, "Zhengde utilizes welfare"。The current pandemic,The Communist Party of China’s anti-epidemic strategy wholeheartedly puts the safety of people’s lives first,It reflects the "righteousness" and "great virtue" of boundless love。Except "Shang Shu","The Book of Changes" also has a strong emphasis on the supremacy of bonus bet365、bonus bet365-oriented ideological tendency。"The Book of Changes" talks about "Yi",The essence of it is the endless bonus bet365 and death of all things in the world,The so-called "bonus bet365 is easy"。Birth is the nature of heaven and earth,Confucianism gives it value connotation,So it is said that "the great virtue of heaven and earth is Sheng"。And "Yi will understand the way of heaven and humanity",The way of heaven is the root of humanity,Heavenly virtue is the basis of human virtue,So imitate the way of heaven、Cultivate virtue,This is what humanity should do。"The Book of Changes" is not only bonus bet365-oriented,And implement the deep concern for bonus bet365 as the fundamental content of people's self-cultivation and morality。"The gentleman is in harmony with the ways of heaven",To "contribute to the advancement of living things,Can match the sky”。

Overall,Pre-Qin Confucianism regards bonus bet365 as the basis of the popularity of heaven,Taking "bonus bet365" as the supreme virtue,Having formed a bonus bet365-oriented attitude very early on、Emphasis on the supremacy of bonus bet365,A benevolent outlook on bonus bet365 that also focuses on people’s livelihood。This concept was strengthened in the Han Dynasty by Dong Zhongshu and others with a theoretical approach that was slightly Shinto teaching。Dong Zhongshu traces the basis of benevolence to the absolute dominance of heaven through the theory of the similarity between heaven and man,This clarifies the fundamental basis of Confucian benevolence。In Dong Zhongshu’s eyes, Heaven is the most benevolent existence,It is also the source of morality。The reason why people must be benevolent,And benevolent,It comes from "man's destiny is from heaven,Taking benevolence from heaven is benevolence" ("Spring and Autumn Fanlu·Wangdaotongsan")。God’s will is most benevolent,A benevolent person should "love all birds, beasts and insects" ("Spring and Autumn Fanlu·The Law of Benevolence and Righteousness")。Therefore,Emperors as human rulers,When "doing morality as a career" and "complying with the will of Heaven and obeying Heaven's will",It requires rulers to imitate the benevolence of God,Benevolent people and loving things,Insist on putting bonus bet365 first、People’s livelihood is the most important thing。

Confucianism in the Song Dynasty generally valued revealing the origin and existence value of bonus bet365 from an ontological perspective,Thus more distinct、Revealing the importance of bonus bet365 more profoundly、The ethical view of bonus bet365 as the best in bonus bet365。Confucianism in the Song Dynasty clearly regarded "bonus bet365" as the highest value,Regard "bonus bet365" as the heart of heaven and earth、Regarded as the way of heaven,As they say, "Heaven only takes bonus bet365 as its way" and "Heaven and Earth take living things as its heart"。In the view of Song Confucianism,The universal prevalence of bonus bet365、Endless bonus bet365,It is the nature of the existence of the universe or the ontology of the universe。Song Confucianism talks about "reason", "Tao", "Tai Chi", etc. in the ontological sense,In fact, it talks about the principle of "生" or "生生",As Er Cheng said, "The principles of bonus bet365 will naturally never cease",Zhang Shi said, "bonus bet365 is endless,The way of solidifying Tai Chi is "。Anyway,"The way of heaven and earth,Making a living”,This is the general consensus among Song Confucians。The "ontology" taught by Song Confucianism,Universally value-determining,For example, "There is nothing wrong with reason", "There is nothing wrong with nature", etc.。"生" as the ontological connotation,Explains that Song Confucianism actually regarded "sheng" or "shengsheng" as a natural good、The goodness of the original body。“Ren” and “生” or “生生” are actually concepts with different names but the same reality,"Benevolence is bonus bet365"。As Zhu Xi said, "Benevolence means bonus bet365",Also as Zhang Shi said, "The essence of bonus bet365 is benevolence"。Song Confucianism regarded "bonus bet365" as the nature of heaven and earth、The essence of the universe,Therefore, Confucian benevolence has also been elevated to the ontological concept,Thus greatly improving the ideological connotation of Confucian benevolence。Benevolence is the nature of heaven and earth,It is the root of all things,Is the basis of all values,Its essence is the torrent of bonus bet365 in the universe composed of the endless growth of all things。Practice the Tao and practice benevolence,The reality of biology lies in the universe。Therefore, Song Confucianism emphasized understanding through the business of all things、Considerate this person。As Zhang Zai said, "Everything comes into existence in the four seasons,Nothing but the ultimate teaching”;Er Cheng said, "The business of all things is the most impressive,This element is the source of good deeds,What is called benevolence”。Where there is benevolence, there is love,Because "Benevolence is the principle of love",Be born with kindness,So the essence of benevolence is respect for bonus bet365、Love bonus bet365,Be able to put bonus bet365 first,Guaranteed bonus bet365 continues to be popular。bonus bet365 is the essence,It is the best。Song Confucianism not only demonstrated the bonus bet365 values ​​​​of the supremacy of bonus bet365,Will also be a welfare student、爱生、利生、An act of kindness,Regarded as proof of individual virtue。

Visible,The Confucian view of benevolence contains a profound bonus bet365-oriented approach、Emphasis on the supremacy of bonus bet365、Focus on safeguarding people’s livelihood,Even the moral consciousness and ethical spirit that is considerate of all bonus bet365。This ethical spirit,It is undoubtedly of great enlightenment for today’s human beings to treat bonus bet365 correctly,But it doesn’t stop there。Because the Confucian concept of benevolence contains the spirit of bonus bet365 that comprehensively considers nature, human beings and me,This spirit of bonus bet365 also plays an important role in ideological inspiration and theoretical support for contemporary mankind in building a community of bonus bet365。From the perspective of Song Confucianism,Building a community of human bonus bet365 is not only necessary,And maybe。Because in the consciousness of Song Confucianism,Everything is not an isolated phenomenon of bonus bet365,There is a symbiosis between them,It is a community of bonus bet365 that shares weal and woe。This kind of community is not a simple collection of bonus bet365,It is a large bonus bet365 form composed of all bonus bet365,The relationship between individual bonus bet365 and larger bonus bet365 forms,Like the relationship between organs and the body。bonus bet365 has one body and symbiosis、Characteristics of mutual use,Exactly this characteristic,Determined to build a community of human bonus bet365 is not only a necessity (it can also be said to be necessary),And it’s totally possible。The reason why it is possible to build a community of bonus bet365,Because the unity and symbiosis of bonus bet365 is the nature of the universe、Basic status。In Zhang Zai’s words,Between bonus bet365, "one phase and flow",It is the same origin and isomorphism。The so-called same version,It means that all bonus bet365 is derived from the same ontology,All have the same basis;So-called isomorphism,Refers to the material composition of bonus bet365,It’s all done in one breath。Because of this,Zhang Zaicai believes that "the common people and things"。Consider all bonus bet365 as an organic component of the universe,Consider the relationship between bonus bet365 and bonus bet365 as the relationship between the internal components of the same body,Mainly Er Cheng’s point of view。Er Cheng not only regards all bonus bet365 as "one body and coexistence",Also regarded as "benevolent body"。In other words,The symbiosis between all lives,It is the complete presentation of benevolence as the ontology。bonus bet365 is endless,are one body,It is symbiotic with each other,Leave this understanding,It is impossible for people to understand benevolence,Not to mention practicing benevolence、Possessing benevolence。So Er Cheng said, "Scholars must first understand benevolence,The benevolent person is one with everything”,Also said "If you are the most benevolent,Then heaven and earth are one body”,“The benevolent regard heaven, earth and all things as one body,Is it possible that it’s already happened”。

bonus bet365 is its essence,In the same bonus bet365 community。Because this is the only way,Only then can there be harmony and endless bonus bet365,Only for everything in the universe to exist,Only in this way can we have a prosperous bonus bet365 world。So,It is wrong to oppose bonus bet365 to bonus bet365,It is also incorrect to regard heaven or nature as an alien existence and strive to be consistent with it,Because this essentially treats the relationship between heaven and man as one with time,In fact, there is no separation between things and myself、There is no separation between heaven and man,"Heaven and man are one",It is said that "heaven and man are essentially the same,No need to agree”。"Besides the body, it is just a matter of reason,Just talk about Hetianren。Hetianren,It has been caused by those who don’t know。There is no separation between heaven and man。”Yuye,Song Confucianism adopts the ontology of the unity and symbiosis of all bonus bet365,eloquently proves the desirability and possibility of building a community of bonus bet365,It also fully illustrates the focus on protecting people’s lives and health,Adhere to the principle of supremacy of bonus bet365,Building a human health community aimed at safeguarding the well-being of all people,It is an act that conforms to the way of heaven,It is the pursuit of a saint with great benevolence and great love。

 (Author’s unit: School of Marxism, Hubei Academy of Fine Arts;School of Philosophy, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law)

Editor: Zhang Jing
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