Promoting quality changes in economic development、Efficiency Reform、Power Change,Increase total factor productivity,The core motivation is to promote bet365 free bets-driven development strategy。Based on the new development stage,my country needs to further strengthen the traction of high-end factors during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period、Basic research orientation and corporate subject status,Develop connotatively、Breakthrough development and integrated development as bet365 free bets-driven development strategic choices,Focus on key areas to achieve leapfrog development。
Chinese-style bet365 free bets achievements and challenges coexist
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,my country is deeply implementing the bet365 free bets-driven development strategy,Unswervingly follow the path of independent bet365 free bets with Chinese characteristics,Successfully entered the ranks of innovative countries,With Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei、Yangtze River Delta、Regions with leading bet365 free bets capabilities represented by Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao are developing particularly rapidly。(1) The proportion of R&D expenditure in GDP has increased significantly。2010-2021,National R&D funding increased from 706.3 billion yuan to 2,786.4 billion yuan,Proportion of GDP increased by 0.7%。Among them,The proportion of corporate funds increased by 5.8%,The proportion of government funds decreased by 4.2%,The decisive role of the market allocation of resources for R&D activities has become more prominent。Regional distribution,Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei R&D funding increased by 658.300 million yuan,Average annual growth 18.6%;Yangtze River Delta R&D funding increased by 3886.500 million yuan,Average annual growth 33.4%。(2) The number of patent applications and authorizations has developed rapidly。2010-2020,The number of patent applications nationwide increased by nearly 4 million,Average annual growth 32.5%;The number of patent authorizations increased by more than 2.82 million,Average annual growth 34.7%。Among them,The proportion of invention patent applications and authorizations with a relatively high degree of originality decreased slightly。Regional distribution,The average annual growth rate of patent applications in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei is 37.2%;The average annual growth rate of patent applications in the Yangtze River Delta is 51.5%,Among them, the average annual growth rate of invention patent applications is 65.3%;The average annual growth rate of patent applications in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao is 52.3%,Among them, the number of invention patent applications is 4.20,000 items increased to 21.70,000 items。(3) Rapid growth of core industries of digital economy and high-tech industries。2021,The scale of the national digital economy reaches 45.5 trillion yuan,Proportion of GDP is 39.8%。At the same time,The added value of high-tech manufacturing above designated size increased by 18% year-on-year.2%,The proportion of industrial added value above designated size is 15.1%,Higher than industrial scale above 8.6 percentage points,Computer among them、Communications and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry growth 15.7%。Regional distribution,High-tech industry investment in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and the Yangtze River Delta increased by 73% respectively.8% and 77.3%。
At the same time,my country’s bet365 free bets and development still faces several problems。First, the development level of open bet365 free bets is relatively low,The agglomeration and spillover effects of high-end bet365 free bets elements have not yet been demonstrated。current,The market size of the technological bet365 free bets industry is limited,There is an urgent need to open up to the outside world led by export trade and integrate trade and investment、New model transformation of domestic and international dual cycle linkage development,Continuously accelerating the construction of open bet365 free bets system。Second, the level of industry chain bet365 free bets chain linkage development is relatively low,Failure to fully reflect that bet365 free bets is the first driving force for development。The correlation effect of the industrial chain bet365 free bets chain based on government, industry, academia and research needs to be enhanced,In particular, there is a large gap between the type and quality of productive services and the needs of the real sector。The proportion of high-tech industries is relatively low,There is still much room for improvement in the construction of the manufacturing industry chain and supply chain。Third, leading enterprises have relatively insufficient bet365 free bets and development momentum,The leading role of major bet365 free bets is not yet significant。Local leading enterprises have not yet fully realized the transformation from market expansion to bet365 free bets leadership,Technological bet365 free bets in the field of digital economy also obviously lags behind industrial bet365 free bets、Model bet365 free bets,Restricting the development potential of advanced manufacturing industry to a certain extent。
Multiple mechanisms of bet365 free bets-driven development
bet365 free bets-driven development mainly affects enterprise production costs、The degree of product differentiation and the upstream and downstream connections in the industrial chain,Improve the efficiency and quality of industrial development,Thus promoting high-quality economic development。
First,Technological bet365 free bets improves total factor productivity through cost saving effects。Technological bet365 free bets reduces business costs、Improve production efficiency、Promote channels such as synergy and complementarity between capital and advanced labor factors,Improve the total factor productivity of enterprises。For example,Industrial automation technology improves labor productivity by reducing the marginal cost of enterprise production,This will lead to positive efficiency improvements。current,Some areas of our country have entered the post-industrialization stage,The negative effects of technological gaps and institutional barriers on total factor productivity are gradually weakening,The possibility of relying on resource optimization allocation to improve total factor productivity has dropped significantly,Scientific and technological bet365 free bets promotes changes in the technological frontier, which is the fundamental path to improve total factor productivity。
Next,Industrial bet365 free bets improves product complexity and quality through process upgrading effects。Industrial bet365 free bets without changing the production function,By optimizing enterprise production links and product standards,Improve product production technology,Promote the collaborative integration of producer services and manufacturing as well as multi-dimensional linkage bet365 free bets between government, industry, academia and research,Continuously improve the level of product differentiation from both horizontal and vertical dimensions。Not only can it enhance consumers’ product recognition and preference,Improve corporate profitability,It can also promote new industries、New business model、New business formats, "three new" economies are booming,Continuously cast "I have what I have without others"、The core competitiveness of the industry of "I am the best"。
Finally,Integrated bet365 free bets improves the level of upstream and downstream linkage development through the correlation effect of the industrial chain。The key point of integrated bet365 free bets is to realize the industrial chain、Linked bet365 free bets in all aspects of the supply chain,Focus on basic research、Technology R&D、Achievements conversion、Manufacturing、Marketing Promotion、After-sales service and other links or channels achieve upstream and downstream bet365 free bets linkage。Innovative activities in manufacturing or producer services,Often affects the upstream and downstream linkage development through the industry chain linkage effect。Upstream and downstream enterprises in the industry chain work closely through close cooperation,Establish an information sharing mechanism,Can promote the formation of strong forward correlation and backward correlation effects,Promote supply-side and demand-side two-way optimization of bet365 free bets-driven development,Thus achieving a significant improvement in the overall efficiency and quality level of the industrial chain。
Promote leapfrog bet365 free bets in key areas
First,Using high-end elements as the basic power,Promote bet365 free bets-driven connotative development。In basic research、Applied research and many other fields、Multidisciplinary、Introducing and cultivating high-end innovative talents from multiple directions,Focus on the high-skilled talent cultivation system for the layout of key industries in my country during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period,Focus on strengthening the construction of the engineer team and the intergenerational inheritance of unique skills。Increase government industrial funds’ support for technological bet365 free bets and transformation,Strengthen the fundamental status of government funds and state-owned enterprise bet365 free bets investment,Support financial institutions to explore credit support models suitable for the characteristics of technological bet365 free bets。Accelerate the cultivation of technological factor market system,Promote market-oriented allocation of scientific and technological bet365 free bets resources,Improve the empowerment capabilities of various bet365 free bets and entrepreneurship service organizations or platforms,Through continuous improvement of the intellectual property protection system,Ensure owners of technical elements receive reasonable remuneration。
Second,Taking the dominant position of the enterprise as the core advantage,Promote bet365 free bets-driven integrated development。Revolving around high-end equipment manufacturing、Biomedicine、New generation information technology and other industrial fields,Actively cultivate and enhance innovative leading enterprises in multiple dimensions,Support the construction of "leading enterprises + small, medium and micro enterprises" bet365 free bets ecosystem,Promote Internet enterprises、Financial Enterprise、Linkage between manufacturing companies and other industries,Build a more solid bet365 free bets chain、Industry chain。Building an bet365 free bets alliance for small, medium and micro enterprises,Promote the development of "specialized, specialized and innovative" small, medium and micro enterprises,Accelerate the cultivation of “hidden champions” in advantageous industries such as the digital economy,Continuously improve the scale and quality of the bet365 free bets ecosystem。Promote the construction of the National Digital Economy bet365 free bets and Development Experimental Zone,By providing more、Update、Better digital economy service scenario,Realizing coordinated development of digital industrialization and industrial digitalization,Strengthen the important driving role of data as a key element in economic development。
Third,Taking industrial transformation and upgrading as an important goal,Promote leapfrog development in key areas。Implementing the manufacturing industry base reengineering and industrial chain improvement project,Building a new generation of information technology、Automobiles and parts、World-class advanced manufacturing clusters such as green chemicals,Continuously promote chain reinforcement, strengthening and solidification,Accelerate the formation of a modern industrial system supported by advanced manufacturing。Focus on the development of new generation information technology、Biotechnology、High-end equipment、New material、New energy and smart vehicles、Green environmental protection、Aerospace、Marine equipment and other strategic emerging industries,Advanced layout and development of third-generation semiconductors、Brain-like chip、Flexible Electronics、Quantum information、Internet of Things and other future industries。At the same time,Accelerate the in-depth integration of basic research with the above fields,Actively resolve bottlenecks faced by strategic emerging industries and future industry development。On the basis of keeping the proportion of manufacturing industry basically stable,Promote the extension of producer services to specialization and the high end of the value chain,Accelerate the development of R&D and design、Industrial Design、Business Consulting、Inspection, testing, certification and other services,Promote the producer service industry and empower the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry,Realize the integration and bet365 free bets of producer services and manufacturing。
(This article is part of the National Natural Science Foundation of China project “Research on the opening of new service industries to promote innovative development of manufacturing industries under the new development pattern” (72173117)、Zhejiang Provincial Social Science Planning Project "Import Competition from the United States and Corporate bet365 free bets Behavior - A Perspective Based on the New Schumpeterian bet365 free bets Theory" (22ZJQN21YB) Phased Results)
(Author’s unit: School of Economics, bet365 free bets Gongshang University)
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