The high -quality development of my country's economy has entered a critical period。On the one hand，my country's economy enters a new stage of development means that the supply -side structural reform with technological progress and industrial upgrades will become the main driving force for the high -quality development of China's economy。On the other hand，The world's unscrupulous situation has made the external environment in my country facing new changes，Expanding domestic demand has become an important strategic selection of high -quality economic development。

July 24, 2023，The Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out，"Drives effective supply through terminal demand，Organize the implementation of the implementation of the strategy of expanding the domestic demand and deepening the supply -side structural reform "。The supply -side structural reform of the new development stage is the main driving force for promoting the sustainable and development of China's economy，Therefore, it will inevitably become the most fundamental motivation to expand domestic demand。Reasonable use of industrial policy tools，It is an important way to promote supply -side structural reforms，At the same time, it has laid a solid foundation for expanding domestic demand。

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The academic community has a wealth of discussions on supply -side structural reforms，But what does the "structure" in supply -side structural reforms first need to be clear? In economics research，"Structure" usually refers to the factor endowment structure (such as capital、labor force、Combination of land and technology) and industrial structure (such as first、2、Three Industry, etc.)。But，Such an explanation may be inadequate -the structure in supply -side structural reforms should point to bet365 best casino games the industrial chain structure。

Today's World，​​The global distribution of the industrial chain is already a very common phenomenon。Under the leadership of multinational companies，Global Procurement、Global production and global sales has become the most basic business model of the global industrial chain。But，A large number of empirical studies show that the status of different enterprises in the industrial chain is not equal。Small parts have independent brands、Design and Sales Network，Dispostering the order to dominate all the processes on the industrial chain，It is also engaged in product sales services，For example, Apple。Some companies are responsible for the development of core components、Production and sales，Its technology、Service or product has irreplaceable characteristics，Can't be easily imitated，Ruchi Electric。Most companies engage in production or low -end processing of non -core parts，Participate in the global industrial chain through the processing or assembly of the product。The direct result of the division of labor in the industrial chain is the huge difference in element income between developed countries and developing countries。Especially processing enterprises，Most of the labor factors are mainly invested，Labor income is obviously low。Research indicates，More than 90%of our country's export products，It is manufactured on the industrial chain led by multinational companies。

The supply -side structural reform of the so -called industrial chain visual domain，It is to promote processing enterprises from the low end of the industrial chain to the mid -to -high -end movement (also equivalent to from manufacturing to R & D or sales)，Make it eventually a leading company。Such a understanding of supply -side structural reforms，The definition of supply -side structural reforms such as technological progress and other types of technological progress is consistent -the enterprise moves from the low -end of the value chain to the mid -to -high -end mobile，It is usually reflected bet365 Play online games as innovation and technological progress。But the advantage is，The goal of supply -side structural reform is more clear and specific，So it is easier to find the point of force of the policy。

　　Supply -side structural reforms are complementary to expand domestic demand 

my country with more than 1.4 billion people is the world's big country，So，China exists in the potential of a large domestic unified market，And this is also the most important and fundamental guarantee for expanding domestic demand。Construction of domestic unified large markets，Turn market potential into real market demand and purchasing power，Supply -side structural reforms are particularly important，Supply -side reform and expansion of domestic demand complement each other。

Promote the supply -side structural reform from the perspective of the industrial chain and expand domestic demand，The key content is to promote the upgrading of the enterprise industry，Promote its low -end from the industrial chain to the mid -to -high -end mobile，This increases the added value brought by corporate economic activities，The powerful purchasing power of its formation also laid the foundation for expanding domestic demand。When an enterprise enters the industrial chain led by multinational companies，Do not directly face the market and consumers，Therefore, the enterprise itself has not motivated to develop new products and upgraded products -these are the responsibilities of head enterprises。Here，Enterprises only need to complete the task order issued by the head enterprise。other，One feature of a processing enterprise is strong alternative，So，Not only the added value created by it is very low in the entire industrial chain，It is also easy to be replaced。Promote the supply -side structural reform from the perspective of the industrial chain，You need to fundamentally change this situation。Although the processing of participating in the global industrial chain has been integrated into the international division of labor for my country's economy、Make an indelible contribution to promoting new urbanization and other aspects，It is an important force to promote high economic growth in my country，But when the Chinese economy bet365 Play online games entered a new stage of development，Urgent need to gradually get rid of low -value non -core path dependencies，Shin from a relatively low -end processing process to the development of independent brands、High -end manufacturing and sales，Bring higher returns and benefits to labor and capital。From this，The powerful purchasing power of its formation can also match the large domestic market with a large population scale in my country，Expanding domestic demand also has the most important foundation。

Supply side and demand side are the two basic market forces that determine economic and social production activities，The organic combination of the two is an important guarantee for achieving sustainable economic growth。The demand side of the economy and society includes consumption、Investment and export，The so -called "three driving carriages"; the supply side is reflected as the cause of capital、Various production capacity composed of labor and technology，This production capacity is distributed in various different processes on the global industrial chain。Organic combination of supply side and demand side presents the following relationship: First, the realization of economic growth must pass through the demand side。But，The demand side usually has great uncertainty，Especially the external demand (export) in it is not regulated by the country。Second, the supply side of the economic and social supply provides a possibility for the realization of economic growth (or demand)，Of course，Also restricted economic growth at the same time。When the demand is too strong，You need to pay attention to the inflation effect; while the demand changes，Especially when external demand is insufficient as a whole，The added value generated by the different processes distributed on the global industrial chain restricts the expansion of domestic demand to make up for the shortcomings of foreign demand。In the new development stage，Supply side of the restriction on economic growth (or demand) has bet365 live casino games become increasingly significant，And this restriction is before the new development stage，Especially when there are a large (or even infinite) remaining labor supply, it is not significant。Because of this，Supply -side structural reforms under the new development stage are the main driving force for the sustainable growth and development of China's economy，It will inevitably become the most fundamental motivation to expand domestic demand。

　　Reasonable use of industrial policy development market 

Under the new situation，To better coordinate expanded domestic demand and deepen supply -side structural reforms，Supply -side structural reforms under the domain of the industrial chain expand domestic demand，Need to use industrial policy tools reasonably。

Generally speaking，Move from the low -end of the industrial chain to the mid -to -high -end，There are two steps。One is the research and development design; the second is to develop market。where，R & D design is the basis，and market development is the key to success。Because R & D incentives are already a commonly recognized policy，In the context of expanding domestic demand，How to pass the industrial policy，Help、Supporting and cultivating competitive enterprises to develop markets will become the key。European and American countries also make full use of various industrial policies in the early days of economic development to support their own industries，to establish a relatively complete modern industrial system。In terms of pioneering market，Industrial policy can have many efforts。In the process of the rise of some industries in our country，The support of government import alternative industrial policy has an important role，For example, the communication industry。Industrial policies for market development are very necessary，But whether the industrial policy is effective, it depends on whether the economic and social itself has an innovative vitality and ability in the competitive environment。Special，Supply -side structural reforms for some labor -intensive industries，is the two ends (development and bet365 Play online games sales) from making (manufacturing) to the industrial chain (smiling curve)，There is no obstacle to technology and capital，Brand、Design and market development is the winning point。The supply -side structural reform of these industries is particularly important in the near future。The form of industrial policy can be a variety of，For example，In addition to import substitution，There are subsidies、Tariffs、Government procurement and other industrial policies。In fact，R & D policy itself can also be regarded as an industrial policy。

For a long time in the future，Various types of industries (such as to varying degrees of labor dense、Capital dense and technical dense) will be objectively coexist。As a big population，In the process of development in my country, there will be unbalanced，More importantly，my country's urbanization rate and the proportion of first industries are far from reaching the level of developed countries，So，While certain technologies and capital -intensive industries are in the world's leading position，my country still exists in the process of continuing to digest the remaining labor force in rural areas through industrialization and urbanization.。For this，On the one hand，my country must adhere to the supply -side structural reform with technological progress and industrial upgrading，This is my country's promotion of high -quality development，Comprehensively building an important choice for socialist modern countries; on the other hand，my country should also through the supply -side structural reform under the domain of the industrial chain，Reasonable use of various types of industrial policy development market，Support independent brand，and continue to promote urbanization and industrialization based on this。

　 (This article is studying and explaining the Party's Twenty State Social Science Fund major projects "Deepening Supply -side Structural Reform and Expanding the Research on Organic Integration of domestic demand" (23ZDA029) phase results) 

(Author is a professor at the Financial Research Institute of Yunnan University of Finance and Economics、Researcher Researcher Researcher Research Center of the Socialist Theoretical System Socialist Theoretical System with Chinese Characteristics)