China is a multi -ethnic country，In the historical process，All ethnic groups of communication and exchanges，The history and splendid culture of Chinese civilization that have been stretched for thousands of years。The Qing Dynasty was the last dynasty in the feudal society of China，Live for nearly 300 years，A large number of books that are combined with Manchu and multi -language texts have been formed。Existing Manchu ancient books，Regardless of content，Still look at the text，All reflect the breadth and depth of the multi -ethnic groups in the Qing Dynasty in cultural exchanges and exchanges。

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Confucianism is a school that respects Confucius theory in Chinese academic thoughts，The doctrine is called Confucianism。From the Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty、After the Confucianism，Confucianism gradually becomes the mainstream of Chinese feudal society and culture，Therefore, it has become the main body of traditional Chinese culture，Therefore, it has been preserved extremely rich and precious cultural heritage。In addition to a certain innovation measure in terms of the ruling system, the Ching governer，Mainly along the basic system inherited from the feudal dynasty in the past，In terms of ideology and culture，It is even more advocating Confucianism，Pay attention to ethical and moral education and self -cultivation。As early as Qing Tai Zu、Taizong period，Although the court with the Ming Dynasty is resisted，But actively learn Chinese traditional culture and experience experience in the past，As the basis for the establishment。Qing Tai Emperor Taiji uses Confucian moral norms as a guidelines for educating children，Select Chinese "Four Books" and "Filial Classic" chapters，Speaking in the full language day。At the same time，Translate Chinese classics into Manchu，Dahai was ordered to "translate the Hanshu" "The Criminal Affairs Code", "Su Book", "Three Strategy" and "Monboquets".，Shi Fang translated "Tong Jian", "Six Tao", "Mencius", "Three Kingdoms" and "Mahayana Sutra"。

After the establishment of a national regime in Qingding, Qing Dingdu Beijing，More respect for Confucianism，Vigorously advocate Confucianism，Translate the Confucian classic printing with Manwen，wide communication and learning。Emperor Shunzhi made it clear: "Gradually fixed today，朕 will be promoted and educated，Chong Jing Shu，To Kai Taiping。"The Scripture is the Emperor's Lecture Specifications specially set up for the history of the scriptures since the Han and Tang Dynasties，From the Song Dynasty to become a system。The Qing Dynasty uses the Scripture System，make it more perfect，The content is richer，and perseverance，The longest duration in the calendar dynasties，Fourteen years from Shunzhi (1657) opened the scriptures，The last time to the ten years of Xianfeng (1860)，It lasts more than 200 years。Shunzhi Democratic Outside the Shouwen Classic，Also translated and compiled a group of Confucian classics and related books，A large number of carvings printing，Such as "Book of Songs", "The Emperor's Filial Sutra", "The Meridian of the Royal Man", "The Royal System Persuasion and the Good", etc.。

Emperor Kangxi "Chong Confucianism and the Tao，Jigu Youwen "，Zhaoxian Na Shi，Promoting Confucianism，Inheritance traditional culture。In the 12th year of Kangxi (1673), I recommend hidden in the mountains and forests，Kangxi seventeenth year to start a learning Hong Ci Department，Please also ask Confucianism to give me the scriptures，and continue to translate the Confucian classic into Manchu，Published on the way of scriptures，For example，Write the imperial preface。This type of book contains Confucianism to explain Confucian classics，The emperor and the minister discuss the Confucian scriptures、Qi family's technique of governing the country，is a book for Shizi must read，The demand after promulgation is great。Another，Emperor Kangxi advocates classics and science，Special Life Li Guangdi, etc.，Simple when deleted，Twelve volumes of "Sexual Properties"，Edit in Fengyi，Name "Royal Equipment"，Add the preface of the royal system，Published with Chinese texts separately。

During the Qianlong period，After a century of development，The foundation of rule is increasingly consolidated，Social economy is more prosperous，The respect for Confucianism is even Bet365 app download more increasing，In the context of the new clear language，Re -translate the Manchu Confucian classics translated into the past。Emperor Qianlong attached great importance to the translation，Let the Confucianism be reached and modified after the translation of the translation，Make Manchu translations more smoothly。Qianlong 20 to 48 (1755-1783)，Re -translate "Four Books", "Book Scriptures", "Book of Changes", "Book of Songs", "Book of Rites", "Spring and Autumn" and other Chinese Confucian classics，Jiaowu Yingdian carved in the form of Manchu and Chinese texts。

Starting from the middle of the Qing Dynasty，National strength gradually declines，The application of full language is getting worse，The ability and demand of the Chinese classics to engraved the Chinese classics of the court is reduced，It is not as big as Kangxi and Qianlong period，But the national policy of respecting Confucianism has not yet shaken，Continue to persist in asking Confucianism and Scripture Day，Officials at all levels also gives Confucian classics，Translation and publishing Chinese Confucianism classics never stopped，Just decreased in its scale and number，It stopped until the death of the Qing Dynasty。Especially the Confucian classics carved in the Qianlong period，The main basis for becoming a reference and specifications of the Confucianism classics in various dynasties in the future。Xianfeng Six Years，Emperor Xianfeng ordered the translation of "College Yiyi" and said: "朕 朕，All translated "Four Books", "Five Classics" and "Tongjian"，each press new language，Detailed determination。"This shows that although the Chinese dynasty's full language has declined，But when the translation is revised by the Manchu translation text，The Qianlong Dynasty translation was still carved as a paradigm，Translate or revised in accordance with Qianlong's new clearing language，Published in the form of a Manchu and Chinese text，Such as "University Yanyi" and "Royal Translation Filial Sutra"。

Qianlong Dynasty translated and published Manchu Hanwen combined，At that time, the local bookstore was allowed to be engraved and issued，Until the late Qing Dynasty, there are books on the book workshop.。Only as far as the "Four Books of Royal Translation"，Twenty years of Qianlong's Wuying Hall carved as a blueprint，From the Qianlong Dynasty to the Guangxu dynasty, there is a local book workshop to flip，The Manchu Big Book of Manchu, which has survived to date、There are dozens of types of full -scale combination of Chinese and Chinese texts。There is a large demand for a generation of multi -language texts in the Qing Dynasty.，strongly promoted the spread and inheritance of Confucianism in the border areas。

　　Inheritance Civilization Translation and Classification History Books

Chinese civilization can be passed on，One of the most important reasons，That is, the history of the dynasties attaches great importance to the history of compilation and correction，This is the fine tradition of the Chinese nation respecting history and advocating civilization。Hundreds of waste waiting for，Hundreds of waste waiting for，To establish the "orthodox" of the dynasty，Follow the traditional practice，The history of the history of the predecessor of the dynasty is the top of the dynasty，Special Apocalypse in the second year of Shunzhi，Order the inner three hospitals began to compile Ming history，After I found "Lack of Apocalypse、Seven years of actual records and the first year of Chongzhen "。So，Five Years of Shunzhi (1648) specially issued the purpose: "、Metropolitanian and other yamen，Press the Du Town and the Division of the Three Divisions，Should be moved in the context of the lack of years、Relevant politicians，Quickly Delivery Rites，Delivery inner courtyard，Prepare compilation。"to the Kangxi dynasty, set up Ming History Museum，After more than 90 years of hard work，In the four years of Qianlong (1739), it was finally repaired into 332 volumes "History of Ming"。Another，It also translates "Mingshi Record" and "History of Ming" with Manchu，But there is no carving publishing，Only manuscripts and writing books。Three Years of Shunzhi，Compiled "Ming Taizu Bao" into "Hongwu Bao Xun"，After writing preface by Emperor Shunzhi，Published by Manchu Chinese Election。

Learn from history，You can know Xingbu。The founder of the Qing Dynasty Nurhachi and Huang Taiji as the Manchu，Pay special attention to the historical experience of the previous ethnic regime，And Huang Taiji is ordered to use Manchu to translate "Liao History", "Golden History" and "Yuan Shi"。Hundreds of waste waiting for，Emperor Bet365 app download Shunzhi still attaches importance to Manchu translation of Liao Jinyuan history，Still continuing to arrange personnel fixed manuscripts，In the first year of Shunzhi。Manchu "Liao History", "Golden History" and "Yuan Shi"，Both copy of the first year of Shunzhi，and the carving of the government in the three years of Shunzhi，More precious is that the first historical archives in China also preserves the manuscript of the Manchu translation of the Manchu period of Chongde.。

Emperor Kangxi attaches more attention to the success or failure experience in history，Promote "Fan Wenwu officials，All must be read，gains and losses in ancient and modern，Adverse Research "，Requires the reading to talk about history。Fifteen Years of Kangxi，Special Apocalypse: "The scriptures are repeatedly read，朕 心，"Tongjian" book，It is related to the previous generation gains and losses，Very 禆 禆，How to choose to write a lecture and talk。"So the lecturer Lausali and other obeyed the purpose:" "Zi Zhi Tong Jian" a book，Most detailed，Most detailed，and "Compendium of Tongjian"，Outline of the Outline from "Zi Zhi Tong Jian"，Especially essentials，It is intended to choose from "Outline" to tell the facts。Lecture Correction，The first column out，Times，After each article，Society of total meaning，Written as a talk。Its Confucianism is broken，Also attached to it。"，Expansion of the content spoken in Jingfan，Except for the Four Books and Five Classics，Also read the "Outline of Zi Zhi Tong Jian Jian"。Kangxi's thirty years of Wuying Hall, Yingwen "Outline of Zi Zhi Tong Jian Jian Jian"，Total 107 volumes，In front of the book, there is the preface of Emperor Kangxi Emperor，It is clearly pointed out: "朕 念 is described by the editor，Affairs related to the governance of the world，Books that are not equal to ordinary records，Dharma ring is clear，forever is Jin Jian。”

The Qing Dynasty also followed the practice of the previous dynasties，Compilation of the Emperor of the Qing Dynasty by the Biography of the Emperor "Benji"、The Certificate and Mongolia "Table"，and Minister、Zhongyi "Biography"，Write in Manchu Manchu，Except the Prince of the Certificate, "Table" is carved，The rest have never been carved and published，Only the exquisite books and the manuscript。In the forty -four years of Qianlong, the first compilation of the "Biography of the Biography of the Prince of Mongolian Mongolia"，and then Jiaqing、Daoguang、Xianfeng、Guangxu dynasties have all repairs，Write with Manhan Mengwen，Both exquisite books and manuscripts，There is also the engraving of Wuying Hall。"The Biography of the Biography of the Book of Mongolia Back in the Mongolian Foreign Fans" reflects the Mongolian of the Qing Dynasty、Book of the Ethnic Princes and other ethnic princes、Hereditary、promotion、rewards and punishments and hereditary times。Another，The Qing Dynasty also continued to compile the "Records" and "Holy Training" from the Ten Dynasties of the Qing Dynasty to Mu Zong.，Among them, "Records" are written in Manchu Mongolian Wenwen，and "Holy Training" with Manchu Writing，Each has the best red、Xiaohongya Exquisite Book、Xiaohuang Write this 3 version。

There is also an institution that compiles books in the Qing Dynasty called Fang Strategy Museum，At the beginning of creation，and a very set institution，After gradually becoming a common point，belonging to the military aircraft。After the end of the major military activity，Both blend a "Fang Strategy" or "Ji Lue" that reflects this military activity，Sometimes I also compile other books，Such。Starting from the 26th year of Kangxi，Three years to Xuantong (1911) tailoring，He has compiled the "Pingzhang Three Reverse Fang Strategy", "Ping Ding Raksha Fang Strategy", "Pingzhang Sea Kou Fang Strategy", "Pingzhang Chahar Fang", "Received Pingzhi Mofang Strategy", "Pingzhijar Fang Strategy", "Pingzhi Jinchuan Fang Strategy", "Pingzhang Two Two Two Two" Dozens of types such as Jinchuan Fang "，or wrote it in Manchu Manwen，or write with Chinese text。

　　Pay attention to education translation enlightenment and reading books

Enlightenment is one of the most important goals in the early education stage，Cultivation of children's words and writing，Develop good living habits，With basic moral ethics specifications，It plays a vital role in the growth of people。Chinese dynasties from all generations from the rulers to the people of the people to restart the education，In long -term education practice，The "Three Characters", "Hundred Family Surnames", "Thousand Characters", "Young Student Qionglin", "Disciples", "Zhu Zijia bet365 Play online games Training", "Thousands of Poems" and other enlightenment educational reading books。

Clear before the customs，Imitation of Mongolian Cultural Creation Manchu，Preparation of Manchu textbook "Twelve Characters"，widely promoted and used，Encourage the official to the folk to learn Manchu，At the same time, I also advocate learning Han culture，Standardize moral ethics。Emperor Taiji special award order，"Every child is under fifteen years old，Those over eight years old，Let's read "，Make it "to learn，Explanation of meaning "，Taking the moral ethics of Confucianism as a standard for educating eight flag children。After entering the customs，Yi Jia attaches importance to education，Absorb nutrition from the traditional Han culture of the Central Plains，Cultural temples and Guandi Temple，Respect "Wen Sheng" Confucius、"Wu Sheng" Guan Yu，Establish various types of official teaching teaching and educating people，Guanxue，Teach both full of Chinese，Teach Chinese again，Its textbooks are basically traditional enlightenment books and Confucian classics。Folk private schools also teach with traditional enlightenment books and Confucian classics as textbooks。There is a clear generation，Mandarin translation printed many books of traditional Chinese enlightenment education，and mostly published in the form of Manchu and Chinese texts，For the use of all aspects of society。

From the perspective of Manwen ancient books in Beijing only，Mainly there are "Thousand Characters", "Hundred Family Surnames", "Three Characters", "Primary School", "Children's Language", "Young Training", "Young Studies", "Children Qionglin", "Zhu Zijie", "Zhu Zijia Training" "Disciples", "Caigen Tan", "Ancient Constellation"，and "Twelve Characters", "Qingwen Piece", "The Enlightenment of Qingwen", "Reading for Beginners", "Guide to Primary School", etc.，Including the classic traditional Chinese enlightenment books and full Chinese primary reading books，Almost all published in the form of Manchu and Chinese texts，Some even publish in the form of Manchu and Han Wenwen。From the perspective of its version，From the Kangxi Dynasty to the Xuantong Dynasty, it continued to print，Most of them are published by the folk book workshop，Extremely limited from the official printing and distribution，There are still many manuscripts。This shows that a certain amount of Manchu enlightenment reading in the people at the time was needed at that time，Many people are learning two languages ​​and words in the Han Han。In the Chinese Enlightenment Reading translated in the Qing Dynasty，There are also parts of the writers of the dynasty，Such as "Primary School Collection", "Disciples", "Young Training", "Zhu Zijiaxun", etc.，This shows that the translation of the Qing Dynasty not only used the traditional Chinese enlightenment readings，and also translate the Chinese enlightenment books written in Dang Dynasty in time，Cultural exchanges and exchanges in the folk Manchu Han Dynasty reaches a certain breadth and depth。

Enlightenment Education of Royal Children of the Qing Dynasty，In addition to using the usual traditional enlightenment readings，Also translated Chinese enlightenment books used by the inner court。"Emperor Jian Tu said" in the sixth year of Minglong Qing (1572)，Compiled by Zhang Juzheng, the first auxiliary of the cabinet,，It is exclusively used by Wanli, who was only ten years old at the time as an enlightenment reading。At the beginning of the Clearance，"Emperor Jian Tu" has become a textbook for the study of the royal children。There are Manchu manuscripts during the Shunzhi period at the Palace Museum，also equipped with image illustrations，Help understand the meaning of the text。Another，China's First Historical Archives also preserves a Manchu enlightenment book dedicated to the prince for reading，Terminal "Nourishing the Together"。The book is compiled by the Prince of the Ming Dynasty Prince Jiao Yan，Book in the twenty -five years of Ming Wanli (1597)，At that time, the eldest son Zhu Changluo was used for reading。The book draws 60 pictures，Each figure is explained，Form with graphic and text，Analysis of Lisaway，Borrowing ancient metaphors present，persuasion cultivation。The explanation of the full text of the text "Nourishment of the Figure" translation of the original book，and the figure is not all drawn in the original，Different is painting，Better visual effects。

　Strengthening communication and compilation of multi -language reference books

Language is the main communication tool of human beings，Text is the writing symbol of language，It has the functions of memorizing and transmitting information，Both play a vital role in human Bet365 lotto review social practice activities。The Qing Dynasty was one of the dynasties that realized the unification in Chinese history，Diversified due to national composition，Diversity of language and words，Chinese with a wide range of use at that time、Manchu、Mongolian text、Tibetan、Todon and Chahe Taiwen as the common text of the country，Depending on different regions、Different occasions、Use different objects，Sometimes it is used by multi -language text。In this historical background，The Qing Dynasty has formed many unique multi -language words。The products of the interaction and exchanges of these national cultures，In turn, it will help promote mutual learning and communicating with each other。

Judging from the current Manchu book of the world，Multi -language dictionaries compiled by the Qing Dynasty include "The Complete Book of Man Han", "The Complete Works of the same text", "Complete Works of Manchu Books", "The Confucian Confinement of the West", "Three Insurances", "The Three History of Liao Jinyuan "Solution", "Translation", "Royal System Qing Wen Jian", "Qing Wenwen Hai", "Qing Dynasty Ceremony", "Qin Ding's Qing language", "New Old Qing Language Shu Shu", "Qing language excerpts", "Qing Wenhui Book", "Qingwen General Exchange", "Manchu"，Most of them are Manchu combination，Followed by Mongolia and Han、Manchu and Han Tibet、Manchu Mongolian Han Tibetan vitamin combination。From the time of the publishing time，From the Kangxi Dynasty to the Guangxu dynasty, there are printed books，time for more than 200 years。

"Daqing Quanshu" is the first large Manchu bilingual dictionary in the Qing Dynasty，Book in 22 years of Kangxi。Author Shen Qiliang wrote in his order: "Yu Han also，and a good book in life。Taste of Heogo Zhejiang and Fujian，Life doesn’t hesitate，At the same time, we will be eliminated，，Industry Pavilion under the yellow owner，Fortunately, I will teach in the Manchu Confucian。Directly in Zizi，Rough knowledge。"" This show，Hundreds of waste waiting for，With the consolidation of the regime and the stability of society，In addition, the rulers of the Qing Dynasty regarded Manwen as the "national book" implementation，The influence of Manwen has increased，Someone in the knowledge class of the Han nationality began to learn full of Chinese，And also studied as your own life。

"The Royal System Qing Wen Jian" is the first official large -scale single -language Dictionary of the Qing Dynasty，It is also the only single -language dictionary in the Qing Dynasty。Hundreds of waste waiting for，Except for the eight flags of Jingshi，It also sets up the eight flags in various towns across the country，Divided Manchuria officers and soldiers moved to the family with relatives，so that the Manchu population is distributed to all parts of the country，Settle living in Han Cultural Area，Due to the need for communication，Many Manchu people naturally start using Chinese language。Therefore, Emperor Kangxi early felt that there would be a crisis in the Manchu language，So he summoned Fu Dali, a bachelor of Hanlin Academy, said, "，Can be invented by Manchu Chinese "Victor"，How to use a word，Use a word somewhere，Integrated Book，Make it beneficial to post -school。This book does not need to be too anxious，Should be careful for it，Period can always be passed on，Fang is good。"Under the instruction of Emperor Kangxi，Started by the official organization staff，After 35 years of hard work，In the forty -seventh year of Kangxi, the journal was published，The title of the book "Royal System"。From the perspective of its content，Except for the inherent of Manchu，Whether it is in terms of word selection，Still in terms of interpretation，A large number of translations quote the classics of Confucian classics and sentences。This also shows the communication of Manhan culture，Especially a large number of translations and printing Chinese classics，Play an important role in the development and richness of Manchu。

During the 56th year of Kangxi to the eight years of Qianlong，Taking "Royal System Clearance" as a blueprint，Compiled "Royal Manchuria Mongolian Mongolian Qingwen Jian" and "Mongolian Mongolian Jian"。Expressing over time，Manchu Han cultural exchanges are deeper，The problem of lack of vocabulary in Manchu language is becoming more prominent，It is difficult to adapt to the trend of cultural exchanges of Manhan Han。To solve this problem，Starting from the 12th year of Qianlong，Regularly promulgated "Qin Ding's New Word"。At the same time，It also started to revise Kangxi's "Royal System Clearance Jian"，Add new vocabulary，Completed Bet365 app download in the 36th year of Qianlong，The title of the book "The Royal System is added to the clear textbook"。Since then，And "Elimination of Qingwen Jian" as the blueprint，Successively compiled into "Royal Manchuria Mongolian Chinese Character Triple Cutting Yin Qingwen Book", "Royal Four Body Clear Book", "Royal Five Body Qingwen Jian"。Start with Manchu Single Language "Qing Wen Jian"，Gradually repairs into various types of multi -language "Qing Wen Jian"，Finally repaired into the Mongolian, Han Tibetan Vitamin Five Body "Qing Wen Jian"，fully reflects the characteristics of the language and text of the language of various ethnic groups in the Qing Dynasty。

"Qing Wenhui Book" is also a large Manchu bilingual dictionary，Author Li Yanji is the Eight Banner Han Banner of Jingshi，Yongzheng second year repairs to print。This dictionary imitates the system of "Daqing Quanshu"，Based on "Royal System Clearance"，Use Chinese to translate the language to the text and add popular interpretation，arranged according to the full text of Manwen。Qianlong 51 Years，Yixing selected the new vocabulary that was not available in "Qing Wenhui Book" from "The Royal System"，According to the "Qing Wenhui Book" system，Compiled into "Qingwen Supplement" Publishing。23 years of Guangxu，Zhikuan、Pei Kuan compiled the "Qing Wenhui Book" and "Qingwen Supplement" into "Qingwen General Hui" publishing。"Qingwen General Exchange" is relatively large，Notes are easy to understand，Compared with the classification dictionary "Qing Wen Jian"，Retrieval is more convenient。

　　Compatible and translated and compiled articles such as art and literature

There are still many arts and literatures in the existing Manchu ancient books、Shi Jia、Bingjia、Medical and other classics，Most of them are translated directly with Manchu，or re -edited by the translation of the Chinese classics。Among them, there are more types of art classics，Many Chinese classical masterpieces are translated into Manchu。The founding king Nuerhachi "reads literacy，Good -looking "Three Kingdoms" and "Water Margin" second pass，Self -claiming strategy "，Emperor Taiji "People with people do not know Chinese characters，Knowing the Governance，Nai Daowen Cheng Gonghai translated Mandarin "Four Books" and "Three Kingdoms" each，Awarding the old，Think of the regulation of the government "。Today's Palace Museum Library has Manchu "The Three Kingdoms", "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "The State of the State", "The Romance of the State", "The Romance of the Western Han Dynasty", "The Romance of the Emperor of the Tang Dynasty" Journey to the West。From the characteristics of its version，Almost all of them are written in the Shunzhi or Kangxi early years，It can be seen that at the time in the court liked to read the various novels of translation。Among them, there is a carving of the "Three Kingdoms" and "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms"，Most of them are not engraved。This shows that Manchu's "Three Kingdoms" and "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" are widely spread，and other novels are relatively narrow in spread。

Chinese novels translated in the people，Compared with the translator of the inner government，Diverse types，Most of fun and entertainment。The existing "Jin Ping Mei", "Liao Zhai Zhi Yi", "Shengyu Cut", "Yuzhi", "Yu Jiao Li", "Two Marriage", "Saihong Silk", "Golden Fan Xi", "Drunk Mozhai", "Eight" "Cave", "Flying Dragon Biography", "Guilian Dream", "Liancheng", "Second Plum", "Tang Ren Novel", etc.，Among them, "Jin Ping Mei" pure text，Human names have both Chinese，Kangxi's 47th year;，And there are multiple engraved books，and most of them are Manwen copy。

Emperor Kangxi is proficient in Hanwen，There is a deep cultural accomplishment，Pay special attention to editing books and repairs，Complete species，Diverse language。During his reign，Edited Chinese large -scale book "Integration of Ancient and Modern Books", "Peng Yunfu" and the dictionary "Kangxi Dictionary", etc.，Also revised the Beijing version of the Tibetan Tibetan Scripture、Mongolian "Tibetan Sutra", etc.，At the same time, translate or write other Manchu books，Such as "Royal Mission Ancient Wenyuan Jian", "Royal Summer Summer Villa Poetry", etc.，Printing in Manchu Publishing in Manchu Literature。

The Qianlong Dynasty was the heyday of the Qing Dynasty，All aspects of society have been fully developed，Coupled with the unified Xinjiang Tianshan North and South in the twenty -four years of Qianlong，Realized "Unification"。Emperor Qianlong is proficient in Chinese，Familiar with Mongolian，Also reached Tibetan and Uyghur，Writer Writing，Promoting books and editors，The type is more complete，The language is more diverse。During bet365 Play online games his reign，Except the order of the Chinese large -scale series "Siku Quanshu"、Revised and published in the Chinese Tibetan Scriptures、Mongolian "The Great Tibetan Sutra" outside，Also compiled the Chinese Chinese "Emperor Qing Kai National Strategy", "Qin Ding Manchuria Source Stream Test", "Eight Banners", "Qin Ding Manchuria Sacrifice God Sacrifice Ceremony", "The Laws of the Grand Call", "Eight Banners of the Banner" Example，and Manchu Mongolia and Han three bodies "Mongolian Source Stream Test"、Manchu Mongolian Han Tibetan four -body combination "Royal Translation Name Zhengzheng" and "Royal Manchu Manchu West Fanwen Big Tibetan Mantra"。Another，Also translated with Manchu translation "Da Tibetan Sutra"，Qianlong fifty -five years of announcement became published，Full name "Royal System Translation All Tibetan Scriptures"。"The West Regions of the West" is a multi -body combination noun dictionary，According to Manchu、Chinese、Hui 鹘 Mongolian text、Tibetan、Toto Mongolian text、Arrangement of Chahe Taiwen，Including Xinjiang、Tibet and Qinghai and other places、Name、Mountain name and water name，And Chinese interpretation。Thirteen years of Qianlong，Fu Heng et al. Form the Chinese style and create 32 full texts.，Copy the word "Royal Shengjing Fu" with the characters of the Han Dynasty，Published by the carving of Wuying Hall。In the process of creating Manchu characters，At the same time, it also sorted and standardized 32 -in -Chinese Chinese words，and uniformly named the name of Manhan's characters。This，Not only the number of types of Manchu, the number of characters increases，Font specification，Unified name，Easy to learn and use，and Chinese characters can also be excavated, organized and naming naming，helps to inherit a long Chinese character culture。

Book Books in Manchu Ancient Books，Almost all translated from Chinese，There are "Sun Wu Bing Law", "Sun Tzu's Art of War", "Sun Wuwu Jing", "Six Tao", "Three Strategy", "Huangshi Gong Su", "Wuhou Xinshu", etc.，The translated from Hanwen is Manchu and Hanwen's "Taikoo Rains", "Wugang Piano Shudder", "Reason Yuan Ya"，Manchu "Piano Scores"，Manchu compiled by the Qing Dynasty "The Election of the Lulu" "The Ru Lu Ji Yao"，and "Longqing Dance Meds Hansing Hansing Hanging Essays", "Pingzhi Xizhen Movement Qinghanwen Combine Spectrum", etc.;，It is also translated from Chinese translation，There are "Long objects", "Yuan Heng therapy Horse Collection", "Ma Jingquan Books", "Phasema General Theory", etc.;，Translate from Chinese or foreign languages，There are "Pharmaceuticals", "Thunder Gong Display Books", "Difficult Meridity", "Uncle Wang and Mai Jue", "Shoushi Baoyuan", "Bone Bone Books", "Western Medicine Book", etc.。

Looking at the ancient books of Manwen，Can be fully proved，One，The Qing Dynasty focused on inheriting the Confucian Han culture at its core，A large number of traditional Chinese classics，Except for a certain governance purpose，Objectively help spread the traditional culture of the Central Plains to the border areas，Help the interaction and exchanges between all ethnic groups。Its two，Chinese traditional culture is jointly created by nations，It is a common cultural heritage，By compilation into a classic book of multi -language text，New carrier and diverse inheritance paths were generated，helps to protect and inherit the traditional culture of the Chinese nation。Its three，Manchu ancient books fully reflect the practical things that the Qing generations of all ethnic groups in the cultural aspects of cultural communication，It has a very precious voucher function，It also has important academic research value。

(Author Unit: China's No. 1 History Archives)