The newly released "Opinions on Promoting the Work of Ancient Books in the New Era" is regarded as a programmatic document for the work of ancient books，Among them, Article 8 is "Improving the Research and Edit Publishing Capability of Ancient Books"。The main forms of the current ancient books include school、Photocopy，A combination of specific research、Teaching Practice，Starting from the history of the Song, Liao and Jin and Siku Literature，Talk about my shallow views on the problems of the current two types of ancient books.。

Point school，There are about three points worth paying more attention。One，Ancient books to organize the collation with the qualitative research of the literature ontology。The basis for sorting out ancient books is the in -depth understanding of the object of work，It can be said that judgment on the nature of the literature，Especially authenticity、Author、Times、Cognition of key issues such as value，Fundamentally determines the direction and degree of input of finishing work。The historical books of Song, Liao and Jin, which have already been sorted out，There are many fame and inconsistent pseudo -book toilets，If the so -called Ye Longli "Khitan State"、Yu Wenzhao "Great Golden State"、Liu Shulju's "Continuous Songs and Chronicles"、Anonymous "Song History Full Text Renewal of Tongzhong Jian" and other books，In fact, they all belong to the early Yuan Dynasty Jianyangshu bet365 live casino games Jia batch fake，Basic method is copied、The north -south writings that were popular at the time were later named the Song Dynasty;，has always been regarded as a Liao Dynasty literary treasure，In fact, it is probably just the fragrant novels made by Jiangnan literati in the late Ming Dynasty。This pseudo -book is not worthless，Many are also necessary to sort out，However, if the organizer lacks a sober understanding of the nature of the literature，It is rare to observe the overall book history of the book at that time，It is likely to have directional errors。

Its two，Baseben、The choice of the school book should be based on a comprehensive and in -depth version survey。With the census of ancient books、Photo、Electronic and other work advanced，More and more literature versions must be known to the world、Use，This requires the organizers to abandon the material as much as possible、Easy to choose the concept of the first version，On behalf of the system, the system is touched、sort out source flow、Youzhong Selection。The real version of the survey should not be satisfied with the records of "The General Book of Chinese Ancient Books" and "Chinese Ancient Books"，Practice proves that the contained in it is often only about half of the existence version，Only one one by one to check all the library collection directory，Supplemented by electronic retrieval、Examine the nuclear in the museum，Fang may master the version situation to the greatest extent。On the basis of a comprehensive survey，Try to choose a collateral survey，Sort the version of the source streaming system，Select the bottom book、Tong School bet365 Play online games -based and participating schools。In the history of Song, Liao and Jin, the history books of Song, Liao and Jin，The following phenomena are not uncommon，Need to be vigilant: For the old carving of the Song and Yuan Dynasties、Ming and Qing Dynasties, the old copy of the stills，Select "Disgusting" text、The "Wenyuan Pavilion Siku Quanshu", which was tampered with by the Chinese language translation，Leading to sort out the congenital deficiency、A large number of unnecessary collaterals appeared;，Taking the Qing people engraved as the base or the main school，Excessive respected letter or inadvertently inherit the late collation opinion，and insufficient attention to the early appearance reflected in the Ming and Qing manuscripts;，Generally regards the Siku system as a piece of iron plate，No distinction，Especially ignoring different stages、Four Draft Books at the level、Differences and significance of copywriting;、Make -up and other issues lack of attention，Select in the version、There are more misconducts during collation and tailoring。

Its three，Note、School certificates, etc. should try to achieve "keen and restrained"。The arrival of the era of electronic search，Not only does it change the obtaining channel of the data，To a fairly extent, the presence of ancient books is compiled。Under the heavy squeeze of the current academic evaluation system，The organizers are often not satisfied with the original pass、collation，and more and more hope to note with notes、The appearance of the school certificate is presented。The result of this is the sharp expansion of the work，The academic content may not be rising bet365 Play online games and anti -descending due to water injection，In small and medium -sized historical books、Notes in the collection of notes and poems are particularly prominent。Under this trend，How researchers can be "keen and restrained" by Mr. Hu Baoguo said，It is indeed worth thinking and exploring。Personal practice is，Of course, in the process of finishing, of course, we should strive to exhaust the materials，"Fishing Fishing"，But to understand that this is just the preparation of the "backstage"，No need to say that most of them should not be directly presented in front of the reader; the final organizational results should be problem -oriented，Different data level，Reinforcement verification analysis，Focus on the source flow of the text itself、contradiction tension and unique value，Avoid the large water -filled layout and spread out。

Photo aspect，The overall principle naturally retains the original appearance of the ancient book as much as possible，But in actual operation, it is often difficult to achieve due to various reasons，As a result of the many aspects of information originally included in ancient books，and interfere with related academic research。In this situation, the most well -known in the past is mainly the description and change of the photocopilist，If the 24th history of Baiyanben and the "Four Series" existing in the Republic of China。In recent years, the "Song Jizhen's Bands" has adopted a system box，The original information of the original book is lost; the "Weijin Pavilion Siku Quanshu Summary" is drawn from the whole book.，Each article "Summary" two words，However, the content of the original Bet365 app download book directory of the original book is misunderstood as the preparation of the ministers。Similar photo work is actually manufacturing a new version，Go far with the original appearance of ancient books，Be careful when using it。

Except the change of text content，I still want to mention the photo technology here、3257_3271，Take the relevant manuscript banknotes of Siku Quanshu as an example。I used to discover the four -library base of the "Renewal of the Renewal and Tong Zhijian" in the Hunan Library，Among them, a large number of precious historical materials that have not been tampered with，You can also see the various means of the national language translation of the original book in Siku Museum.。A typical method is to dig and change stickers，Paste the original text with thin white paper，Writing a new translation name on paper，The original text can be slightly glimpsed through thin paper。This book was published by the Chinese Book Company in 2016，Appendix "" Discovery of the Four Books of Renewal of the Renewal and Tongzhi "and its literature value。When looking at the book sample of the book，I noticed the Zhu Mo double -color photocopy method used by the publishing house (pressed: this method is a cost measure，The head of the book department is big、Print less，The original color printing is high) It is difficult to reflect all the stickers of the original book and the traces of the digging and change of the original book，Especially the original translation before the museum's stickers can not be visible，Then add a noted at the Human Culture Theory and the digging office: "What needs to be specifically pointed out is，Because the Chinese Bet365 app download Book Company's photocopy uses Zhu Mo's two -color technology，The color of the original digging of white paper cannot be reflected in the photocopybook，As a result, the digging text and context have a certain degree of mixing，Researchers need to pay close attention to the differences in the relevant parts and words，Make judgment on such situations。"Unfortunately，This intention reminds readers to pay attention，I don’t know what to do，It does not appear in the final published text。So one here，Scholars who use the related research will inevitably face some troubles，I even think that the name of many of them has the name of the translation of the translation of many people in the original text，So as to doubt the nature of the whole book，This is obviously the result we are unwilling to see。Similar to it, there are various drafts of various types of manuscripts of "Siku Quanshu"，From the earliest published "Draft of the Tianjin Library Ji Xiaolan Delete" Four Sku Quanshu General Items "to the" Four Sku Quanshu General Items "for the" Book of Books of the Sku Quanshu "last year，The form of black and white shadow printing，Among them, excavate and change、Cutting、Passive details such as adhesion per block，This is also the text generation of "General Idea"、Derivative and other core problems have long -term unspecified symptoms。Considering the various subtle and delicate compilation techniques used in the Siku Book Repair process，concentratedly shows the richness and complexity of the life of ancient books，The charm of literature research is well presented，I sincerely hope that similar rare manuscript banknotes in bet365 Play online games the future can use the original color printing form，Or at least a high -definition color photo to the society by the corresponding collection unit or publishing agency，I believe this will greatly promote the deepening and development of the four -library literature and other ancient books.。

(Author Unit: Ancient History Research Center of Peking University)